【摘要】：中國是一個由多民族組成的國家，中國的歷史便是一部豐富多彩的民族互動、交流及整合的歷史。在這個過程中，族際通婚則被視為民族互動、交流及整合的一個非常重要的標準。因此，族際通婚也就成為眾多學者調查與研究的專題。本文以新疆伊犁蘇拉宮為田野點，運用人類學的田野調查方法，考察了當地滿族與其他民族之間的通婚現象。本文共有四章，從滿族族際通婚狀況與特點，滿族族際通婚的主要影響因素，滿族婚姻變遷以及滿族族際通婚對滿族文化的影響來闡述本論文的研究主題。 第一章是導論部分，主要介紹了本論文研究的緣由,以及本文研究的理論意義和現實意義，對國內外族際通婚理論及實證個案研究進行了一個簡單的概述，同時也介紹了本文的主要研究方法。 第二章主要對調研地點的選擇與概況作了一個介紹，并介紹了新疆滿族概況，以及調研點滿族的歷史沿革和新疆蘇拉宮滿族人的現狀。 第三章主要敘述了蘇拉宮滿族族際通婚現象、特點，并且從顯性與隱性兩個層面對蘇拉宮滿族族際通婚的影響因素進行了分析。顯性層面的影響因素主要有：族群基本特征、社會經濟發(fā)展和社會流動、族群人口的相對規(guī)模。隱性層面的影響因素主要有：歷史關系特征因素、不同民族文化中所蘊含的引力因素、個人情感因素。 第四章是以滿族婚姻制度、婚姻習俗及婚姻觀念的變遷為鋪墊，重點論述了滿族族際通婚對滿族文化帶來的影響。在滿族族際通婚家庭中，由于不同民族文化的碰撞，必然會使得文化不斷更新，即文化變遷。文化變遷主要有文化的變異與涵化，以及文化的分化與整合。本章從語言差異、飲食習俗、節(jié)日習俗、喪葬禮俗及家庭觀念五個方面描述了滿族族際通婚家庭的文化沖突與調適，也正是通過滿族文化的自我調適和滿族族際通婚對族際文化的整合來闡釋滿族族際通婚對滿族文化的影響。 最后是結論部分，滿族與異民族通婚的這種婚姻形式將滿族文化與其他民族文化相聯系、相融合，必然會發(fā)生文化本身的自我調適，不同文化體系也會不斷交流，更新，重構出新的文化因子，去適應不同文化共存的外在環(huán)境。筆者認為，在蘇拉宮滿族文化孤島這一特殊的情景中，滿族族際通婚這一形式，將使得滿族文化繼續(xù)保留并發(fā)展下去，并吸收各民族不同的文化，這是滿族文化傳播的一種有效方式，，更是文化走向多元化的重要途徑。
[Abstract]:China is a country composed of many nationalities, and its history is a rich and colorful history of national interaction, exchange and integration. In this process, interracial marriage is regarded as a very important standard for ethnic interaction, communication and integration. Therefore, interracial marriage has become a topic of investigation and research by many scholars. This paper studies the intermarriage between Manchu and other ethnic groups in Yili, Xinjiang, by using the anthropological field investigation method. There are four chapters in this paper, including the status and characteristics of Manchu intermarriage, the main influencing factors of Manchu intermarriage, the changes of Manchu marriage and the influence of Manchu intermarriage on Manchu culture. The first chapter is the introduction part, mainly introduces the reason of this paper research, as well as the theoretical and practical significance of this study, and makes a brief overview of the interracial marriage theory and empirical case studies at home and abroad. At the same time, the main research methods of this paper are also introduced. The second chapter mainly introduces the selection and survey of the research site, and introduces the Manchu in Xinjiang, as well as the historical evolution of Manchu and the present situation of the Manchu in Sulagong. The third chapter mainly describes the phenomenon and characteristics of inter-Manchu intermarriage in Sulagong, and analyzes the influencing factors of inter-Manchu intermarriage from the two aspects of dominance and recessive. The dominant factors include the basic characteristics of ethnic groups, social economic development and social mobility, and the relative size of ethnic groups. The influencing factors of recessive level are: historical relation characteristic factor, gravitational factor contained in different national culture, individual emotion factor. The fourth chapter is based on the Manchu marriage system, marriage customs and the change of marriage concept, focusing on the Manchu inter-ethnic intermarriage on Manchu culture. In the Manchu intermarriage families, due to the collision of different cultures, culture will be constantly renewed, that is, cultural change. Cultural changes mainly include cultural variation and acculturation, as well as cultural differentiation and integration. This chapter describes the cultural conflict and adjustment of Manchu intermarriage families from five aspects: language differences, eating customs, festival customs, funeral rites and family concepts. It is also through the self-adjustment of Manchu culture and the integration of Manchu intermarriage to explain the impact of Manchu intermarriage on Manchu culture. The last part is the conclusion. This marriage form of the marriage of Manchu and other nationalities will link Manchu culture with other ethnic cultures, which will inevitably lead to the self-adjustment of culture itself, and the exchange and renewal of different cultural systems. Reconstruct new cultural factors to adapt to the external environment where different cultures coexist. The author believes that in the special situation of the isolated island of Manchu culture in Sulagong, the form of inter-Manchu marriage will make Manchu culture continue to retain and develop, and absorb different cultures of different nationalities. This is an effective way to spread Manchu culture, but also an important way of cultural diversification.
【學位授予單位】：石河子大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：K892.22

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