【摘要】：正如美國著名生態(tài)思想家彼得·科茨所說：“文化理論堅信,環(huán)境的威脅是社會造成的,只能從文化的范疇來解釋�！鄙鷳B(tài)批評的使命是重審人類文化,進行文化批判,解釋生態(tài)危機的思想文化根源。生態(tài)批評研究以多種途徑研究文化與生態(tài)的關(guān)系,其中一些古老民族在其悠久的歷史中所形成的古老智慧與生態(tài)知識對解決生態(tài)危機的啟發(fā)逐漸受到人們的廣泛關(guān)注。作為澳大利亞土著人永恒不變的文化遺的‘夢幻時代’記載于人類學(xué)與歷史學(xué)文獻中,它蘊含著土著人文化意識形態(tài)中傳統(tǒng)的環(huán)保意識與文化實踐。在‘夢幻時代’中土著人以生活中的故事,藝術(shù),儀式和歌舞表演的方式代代傳承著他們的古老智慧從而數(shù)千年來與自然環(huán)境和諧共處。同樣,被視為蒙古民族社會文化精髓的‘大扎撒’,其散落于眾多史料中,它凝聚了蒙古族對自然環(huán)境的獨特認識,并以儀式,自然物的祭祀習(xí)俗,禁忌,圖騰等形式體現(xiàn),并且規(guī)約著蒙古民族在生活中踐行與自然和諧共處的生態(tài)文化意識。 人們對生態(tài)文化研究成果已經(jīng)表明：古老民族所傳承的傳統(tǒng)文化意識與活動對于我們現(xiàn)代人如何去維持整個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康發(fā)展具有一定的啟迪和指導(dǎo)作用。因此,本篇論文以澳洲土著民族的‘夢幻時代’和蒙古民族的‘大札撒’為研究對象,試圖運用生態(tài)文化批評理論來解讀分析蘊含在這兩部古老文獻中的古老智慧,從而說明這兩大古老民族在與自然長期和諧相處中不僅形成了非常先進的生態(tài)整體觀和簡單生活觀,而且在生活中踐行著這一充滿環(huán)保意識的古老智慧。這將為人們理解人和自然的關(guān)系提供新的視角,同時希望該研究有助于人們進一步挖掘整個生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康與和諧發(fā)展的文化根源。
[Abstract]:As Peter Coates, a famous American ecological thinker, said: "Cultural theory firmly believes that the threat to the environment is caused by society and can only be explained in the context of culture." The mission of ecological criticism is to review human culture, carry out cultural criticism and explain the ideological and cultural origin of ecological crisis. The study of ecological criticism studies the relationship between culture and ecology in many ways. Among them, the ancient wisdom and ecological knowledge formed by some ancient nationalities in their long history have gradually attracted wide attention to solve the ecological crisis. The "Dream Age", a permanent cultural relic of the aborigines of Australia, is recorded in anthropological and historical literature. It contains the traditional environmental awareness and cultural practice in the ideology of aboriginal culture. In the Dream Age, the natives passed on their ancient wisdom through life stories, art, rituals, and song and dance performances, and lived in harmony with the natural environment for thousands of years. Similarly, it is regarded as the essence of Mongolian national society and culture, "Da Zasa", scattered in many historical materials, it condenses the Mongolian unique understanding of the natural environment, and in the form of ritual, natural objects sacrificial customs, taboos, totem and other forms. It also regulates the ecological cultural consciousness of the Mongolian nation living in harmony with nature. The research on ecological culture has shown that the traditional cultural consciousness and activities inherited by the ancient nation have a certain enlightenment and guidance on how to maintain the healthy development of the whole ecosystem. Therefore, this paper takes the "dream age" of the aboriginal people in Australia and the "Da Zasa" of the Mongolian people as the research objects, and tries to use the theory of ecological culture criticism to interpret and analyze the ancient wisdom contained in these two ancient documents. It shows that these two ancient nations have not only formed a very advanced view of ecological integrity and simple life, but also practiced this ancient wisdom full of environmental protection consciousness in their long-term harmony with nature. This will provide a new perspective for people to understand the relationship between man and nature, and it is hoped that this study will help people to further explore the cultural roots of the healthy and harmonious development of the whole ecosystem.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G04

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