中美商務交往中的非言語交際對比研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-24 17:16
【摘要】：改革開放以來,隨著中國經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展和世貿(mào)組織的加入,中國己成為世界經(jīng)濟體的中流砥柱,各國之間的貿(mào)易變得頻繁。因為中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作現(xiàn)已成為推動全球一體化進程的主要力量,因此中美之間的商務交往更應該引起足夠的重視。中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家,美國是世界上最發(fā)達的國家,兩國的商務貿(mào)易在過去幾十年中飛速發(fā)展。中國領(lǐng)導人也迫切地想要把商務活動拓展到海外市場,并采取了一系列的措施來表明中國的立場,給國外投資商提供一個穩(wěn)定的投資環(huán)境。這些舉措同時也刺激了中國企業(yè)對美國的投資。我們有理由相信兩國的商務交往會得到更多更好的發(fā)展。 國際商務交往是跨國界的活動,要取得貿(mào)易的成功,了解各國不同的文化,考慮文化差異是十分重要的。非言語交際作為跨文化交際的重要組成部分,正引起越來越多學者的關(guān)注。和言語交際一樣,非語言交際是人類交往中的一個重要組成部分。它包括言語行為之外一切由人類和環(huán)境所產(chǎn)生的刺激,這些刺激對于信息發(fā)出者和接受者都具有潛在的信息價值和意義。本論文以跨文化交際理論為基礎(chǔ),從中美文化差異的角度出發(fā),來研究中美商務交往中非言語交際的不同。文化一直都是影響商務交往的最重要因素之一。不同因素引起了文化差異。集體主義文化強調(diào)和諧,與集體、社會要相互聯(lián)系,相互依賴,并力求做到身心與整個環(huán)境的適應。而個人主義文化強調(diào)自我和個人的成就,與集體、社會關(guān)系松散,相互依賴程度較弱。強語境文化中大部分信息存在于語境當中或內(nèi)化在個人身上,這意味著在強語境文化中的人要對環(huán)境較為敏感。低語境文化則把大量信息置于清晰的編碼中,因而人們習慣用語言本身的力量來進行交際。在不確定性規(guī)避程度較高的文化中,人們對不確定的、模糊的事情會感到是一種威脅,并試圖加以制止。而在不確定性規(guī)避程度較低的社會中,人們普遍有安全感,傾向于放松的生活態(tài)度和鼓勵冒險的傾向。同時在高權(quán)力距離文化中,人們從小被告知有些人生來高貴一些,因此他們有更多的權(quán)力,尊重權(quán)力比尊重平等更有意義。在低權(quán)力距離文化中,人們被教育人人生來平等,盡管有人出生帶有優(yōu)勢,但他們并非比別人要優(yōu)越。 在論文中作者對非語言交際進行了全面的分析,包括它的國內(nèi)外研究動態(tài)、定義、特征、功能和分類。非言語交際具有通用性、情境性、常規(guī)性和模糊性等特點,在跨文化交際中起著很大的作用：包括重復、補充、調(diào)整,代替,反駁和加強。非言語交際大致分為四類：身勢語、客體語、副語言和環(huán)境語。隨著中美兩國之間的聯(lián)系日益頻繁,我們很有必要研究和了解非語言是怎樣影響到商務交往這一過程,以促進貿(mào)易向共贏的方向發(fā)展。最后通過具體分析商務交往中非言語行為的使用實例,作者提出幾點建議以期能克服中美商務交往中的非言語交際障礙。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of China's economy and the accession of the WTO, China has become the mainstay of the world economy, and the trade between countries has become frequent. Because the Sino US economic and trade cooperation has now become the main force to promote the process of global integration, the business exchanges between China and the United States should pay more attention to it. China is the largest developing country in the world and the United States is the most developed country in the world. The trade and trade of the two countries have developed rapidly over the past few decades. Chinese leaders are also eager to expand business activities to overseas markets and take a series of measures to show the position of China and provide a stability for foreign investors. The investment environment has also stimulated Chinese enterprises to invest in the US. We have reason to believe that the business contacts between the two countries will get better and better development.
International business communication is an activity across national boundaries. It is important to gain success in trade, understand different cultures and consider cultural differences. Nonverbal communication, as an important part of intercultural communication, is arousing more and more attention of scholars. Nonverbal communication, like verbal communication, is an important group in human communication. It includes all the stimuli produced by human and environment outside the speech act. These stimuli have potential information value and significance for both the information emanator and the recipient. This paper, based on the cross-cultural communication theory, studies the differences of non-verbal communication in Sino US business communication from the perspective of cultural differences between China and the United States. Culture has always been one of the most important factors that affect business contacts. Different factors cause cultural differences. Collectivism emphasizes harmony, collectivism, society, interdependence, and adaptation to the body and mind and the whole environment. The individualist culture emphasizes the achievements of self and individual, and the loose relations with the collective and the social relations. The degree of interdependence is weak. Most of the information in the strong context culture exists in or internalized in the individual, which means that the people in the strong context culture are more sensitive to the environment. The low context culture puts a lot of information in the clear coding, so people are used to communicate with the power of the language itself. In a highly circumvent culture, people feel a threat to uncertain and vague things and try to stop it. In a society with low uncertainty, people generally have a sense of security, a tendency to relax and the tendency to encourage adventure. At the same time, people are told from a high power distance culture. Some of them are noble, so they have more power, respect for power is more meaningful than respect for equality. In a culture of low power, people are taught to be born equal. Although some people are born with advantages, they are not better than others.
In this paper, the author makes a comprehensive analysis of non-verbal communication, including its domestic and foreign research trends, definitions, features, functions and classifications. Nonverbal communication has the characteristics of generality, situation, routability and fuzziness. It plays a great role in intercultural communication, including repetition, supplement, adjustment, substitution, refutation and reinforcement. Language communication is divided into four categories: body language, object language, paralanguage and environmental language. With the increasingly frequent connection between China and the United States, it is necessary to study and understand how non-language affects the process of business communication in order to promote the development of trade to a win-win situation. For example, the author puts forward several suggestions in order to overcome the obstacles of non-verbal communication in Sino US business contacts.
【學位授予單位】：長春工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G05
本文編號：2142086
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of China's economy and the accession of the WTO, China has become the mainstay of the world economy, and the trade between countries has become frequent. Because the Sino US economic and trade cooperation has now become the main force to promote the process of global integration, the business exchanges between China and the United States should pay more attention to it. China is the largest developing country in the world and the United States is the most developed country in the world. The trade and trade of the two countries have developed rapidly over the past few decades. Chinese leaders are also eager to expand business activities to overseas markets and take a series of measures to show the position of China and provide a stability for foreign investors. The investment environment has also stimulated Chinese enterprises to invest in the US. We have reason to believe that the business contacts between the two countries will get better and better development.
International business communication is an activity across national boundaries. It is important to gain success in trade, understand different cultures and consider cultural differences. Nonverbal communication, as an important part of intercultural communication, is arousing more and more attention of scholars. Nonverbal communication, like verbal communication, is an important group in human communication. It includes all the stimuli produced by human and environment outside the speech act. These stimuli have potential information value and significance for both the information emanator and the recipient. This paper, based on the cross-cultural communication theory, studies the differences of non-verbal communication in Sino US business communication from the perspective of cultural differences between China and the United States. Culture has always been one of the most important factors that affect business contacts. Different factors cause cultural differences. Collectivism emphasizes harmony, collectivism, society, interdependence, and adaptation to the body and mind and the whole environment. The individualist culture emphasizes the achievements of self and individual, and the loose relations with the collective and the social relations. The degree of interdependence is weak. Most of the information in the strong context culture exists in or internalized in the individual, which means that the people in the strong context culture are more sensitive to the environment. The low context culture puts a lot of information in the clear coding, so people are used to communicate with the power of the language itself. In a highly circumvent culture, people feel a threat to uncertain and vague things and try to stop it. In a society with low uncertainty, people generally have a sense of security, a tendency to relax and the tendency to encourage adventure. At the same time, people are told from a high power distance culture. Some of them are noble, so they have more power, respect for power is more meaningful than respect for equality. In a culture of low power, people are taught to be born equal. Although some people are born with advantages, they are not better than others.
In this paper, the author makes a comprehensive analysis of non-verbal communication, including its domestic and foreign research trends, definitions, features, functions and classifications. Nonverbal communication has the characteristics of generality, situation, routability and fuzziness. It plays a great role in intercultural communication, including repetition, supplement, adjustment, substitution, refutation and reinforcement. Language communication is divided into four categories: body language, object language, paralanguage and environmental language. With the increasingly frequent connection between China and the United States, it is necessary to study and understand how non-language affects the process of business communication in order to promote the development of trade to a win-win situation. For example, the author puts forward several suggestions in order to overcome the obstacles of non-verbal communication in Sino US business contacts.
【學位授予單位】：長春工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G05
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
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，本文編號：2142086
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