【摘要】：2009年1月20日,奧巴馬就任新一屆美國(guó)總統(tǒng),確立了以“巧實(shí)力戰(zhàn)略”為基調(diào),以“療傷外交”、“接觸外交”、“合作外交”為主線(xiàn)的外交政策�！扒蓪�(shí)力”外交戰(zhàn)略的創(chuàng)立直接反映了奧巴馬政府面臨小布什的單邊主義、先發(fā)制人的對(duì)外戰(zhàn)略與次貸危機(jī)重創(chuàng)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和信心,美國(guó)國(guó)際聲望和影響力下降之間的矛盾。此外,新興大國(guó)實(shí)力的增強(qiáng),非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅的加劇,美俄關(guān)系緊張、美歐關(guān)系惡化也使得“巧實(shí)力”外交戰(zhàn)略成為奧巴馬政府的必然選擇。然而,巧實(shí)力外交戰(zhàn)略維護(hù)美國(guó)霸權(quán)地位的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)仍然沒(méi)有改變。 中東政策仍然是奧巴馬政府對(duì)外戰(zhàn)略的支柱,特別是強(qiáng)調(diào)使用外交手段解決中東問(wèn)題,并吸引地區(qū)和世界各國(guó)與美國(guó)展開(kāi)合作。其主要任務(wù)是以下幾個(gè)方面：重塑美國(guó)與伊斯蘭世界的關(guān)系,結(jié)束伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),轉(zhuǎn)移反恐戰(zhàn)略支柱,遏制伊核危機(jī)和力促巴以和談。 然而,奧巴馬任期過(guò)半,其中東政策卻遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)有達(dá)到預(yù)期的效果。究其原因,是受到美國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)利益集團(tuán)、中東地區(qū)國(guó)家內(nèi)部矛盾、地區(qū)結(jié)構(gòu)的變化以及國(guó)際戰(zhàn)略格局層面的多重制約。
[Abstract]:On January 20, 2009, Obama took office as the new president of the United States and established a foreign policy with "skillful strength strategy" as the keynote, "healing diplomacy", "contact diplomacy" and "cooperative diplomacy" as the main line. The establishment of the diplomatic strategy of "skillful strength" directly reflects the contradiction between the Obama administration facing Bush's unilateralism, the pre-emptive foreign strategy and the subprime mortgage crisis, which have hit the U.S. economy and confidence, and the decline of American international prestige and influence. In addition, the increasing strength of emerging powers, the intensification of non-traditional security threats, the tense relations between the United States and Russia, and the deterioration of relations between the United States and Europe also make the diplomatic strategy of "skillful power" an inevitable choice for the Obama administration. However, the strategic goal of diplomatic strategy of skillful power to maintain the hegemonic position of the United States remains unchanged. The Middle East policy remains a pillar of the Obama administration's foreign strategy, with particular emphasis on diplomatic solutions to Middle East issues and on attracting regional and world cooperation with the United States. Its main tasks are as follows: reshaping the relationship between the United States and the Islamic world, ending the Iraq war, shifting the strategic pillar of anti-terrorism, containing the Iraqi nuclear crisis, and pushing for Palestinian-Israeli peace talks. Mr Obama's Middle East policy, however, has fallen far short of what was expected in the more than half of his term. The reason is that it is restricted by the domestic interest groups in the United States, the contradictions within the countries of the Middle East region, the changes of regional structure and the level of international strategic pattern.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D871.2;D815.4

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李穎;基于現(xiàn)實(shí)主義權(quán)力政治觀(guān)論奧巴馬政府的外交戰(zhàn)略[D];燕山大學(xué);2012年

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