從歷史角度看土耳其的多邊主義戰(zhàn)略
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-08 15:29
【摘要】：土耳其是一個(gè)中等規(guī)模的地區(qū)性大國,具備較強(qiáng)的軍事和經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力。從歷史上看,土耳其的對外戰(zhàn)略定位有兩條主線:一是向西方靠攏,與西方結(jié)盟;二是回歸東方,重視區(qū)域利益。從1923年建國開始,作為國家統(tǒng)治精英的凱末爾黨人就設(shè)定了土耳其的"西化"定位,即向歐洲學(xué)習(xí),全面地?fù)肀W洲文明,但整體上看建國后的二十年間,土耳其對外持守的是一種孤立主義的政策;二戰(zhàn)后土耳其實(shí)行"一邊倒",投入西方陣營。自1980年代厄扎爾執(zhí)政以來,土耳其開始調(diào)整其對外戰(zhàn)略定位,日益強(qiáng)調(diào)在地區(qū)事務(wù)中發(fā)揮更為重要的、積極的作用,土耳其在對外戰(zhàn)略上日益向多元化與多維度的格局過渡。21世紀(jì)初,在正義與發(fā)展黨執(zhí)政時(shí)期,土耳其走向多邊主義、更加強(qiáng)調(diào)全方位平衡的對外戰(zhàn)略已基本定型。
[Abstract]:Turkey is a medium-sized regional power with strong military and economic strength. Historically, Turkey's foreign strategic orientation has two main lines: one is to move closer to the West, and the other is to return to the East and attach importance to regional interests. Since the founding of the country in 1923, the Kemal Party, as the ruling elite of the country, has established Turkey's "westernization" position, that is, to learn from Europe and embrace European civilization in an all-round way, but in the 20 years since the founding of the country in general, Turkey's foreign policy was isolationist, and after World War II Turkey adopted a one-sided approach to the West. Since Ozal came to power in the 1980s, Turkey has begun to adjust its external strategic orientation, with increasing emphasis on playing a more important and active role in regional affairs. The transition of Turkey's foreign strategy to a pluralistic and multidimensional pattern in the beginning of the 21st century, during the ruling period of the Justice and Development Party, Turkey moved towards multilateralism and emphasized the overall balance of the foreign strategy basically.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)歷史學(xué)系;
【基金】：北京市社科聯(lián)青年社科人才資助項(xiàng)目“土耳其與中亞突厥語國家關(guān)系研究:歷史與現(xiàn)狀”的階段性成果
【分類號】：D837.4
[Abstract]:Turkey is a medium-sized regional power with strong military and economic strength. Historically, Turkey's foreign strategic orientation has two main lines: one is to move closer to the West, and the other is to return to the East and attach importance to regional interests. Since the founding of the country in 1923, the Kemal Party, as the ruling elite of the country, has established Turkey's "westernization" position, that is, to learn from Europe and embrace European civilization in an all-round way, but in the 20 years since the founding of the country in general, Turkey's foreign policy was isolationist, and after World War II Turkey adopted a one-sided approach to the West. Since Ozal came to power in the 1980s, Turkey has begun to adjust its external strategic orientation, with increasing emphasis on playing a more important and active role in regional affairs. The transition of Turkey's foreign strategy to a pluralistic and multidimensional pattern in the beginning of the 21st century, during the ruling period of the Justice and Development Party, Turkey moved towards multilateralism and emphasized the overall balance of the foreign strategy basically.
【作者單位】： 北京大學(xué)歷史學(xué)系;
【基金】：北京市社科聯(lián)青年社科人才資助項(xiàng)目“土耳其與中亞突厥語國家關(guān)系研究:歷史與現(xiàn)狀”的階段性成果
【分類號】：D837.4
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