在滿朝鮮人的身份與社會地位變化原因研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-20 15:33
【摘要】：19世紀中期,一部分朝鮮人移居到東北地區(qū),以"朝鮮族"的身份生活。移民初期,他們雖然遷移到東北地區(qū),但并沒有被民族同化,仍然以朝鮮人的身份生活,處于社會最底層。其中一部分朝鮮移民為了獲得土地所有權、免遭中國的壓迫、改善貧困生活狀態(tài),歸化入籍,這導致在滿朝鮮人的身份和地位發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。到了民國時期,日本為了掩蓋其侵略大陸的本質,借保護朝鮮人的口實,于1907年,在龍井村建立了 "統(tǒng)監(jiān)府間島臨時派出所"。此后,日本利用"間島問題",締結了 "間島協(xié)約",并設立"間島日本總領事館",擴張了其在東北的勢力。在這一過程中,中日兩國在外交上針對朝鮮人的問題發(fā)生了一系列摩擦,并且因為日本人想要利用朝鮮人擴張其在東北的勢力的原因,中國從之前憐憫并且?guī)椭r人的態(tài)度轉換為厭惡的態(tài)度。特別是"三矢協(xié)定"為中國官員可以在沒有日本的干涉下管理朝鮮人的權力提供法律根據(jù)以后,張作霖政權開始對朝鮮人實施排擠行為,并限制了朝鮮人的歸化入籍。1931年,日本借著九一八事變建立了"滿州國",這使得在中國和日本中間處于復雜和較低社會地位的朝鮮人的身份地位發(fā)生了很大的變化。在1937年治外法權廢止之前,朝鮮人受日本大使館、日本領事館和朝鮮總督府等支配。他們賦予朝鮮人"治外法權",認可朝鮮人相比其他民族,有著"特殊的地位"。以此來達到統(tǒng)治朝鮮人的目的,并企圖通過直接統(tǒng)治朝鮮人來有效地打壓抗日武裝運動。1931年,日本為了向朝鮮人灌輸"滿州國"的國民意識,達到統(tǒng)治朝鮮人的目的,建立了"朝鮮人民會"。1936年,這個從安東地區(qū)開始的民會發(fā)展到約20%的在滿朝鮮人加入的規(guī)模,成了較大的民會組織,對朝鮮人有著重要的影響力。1937年,殖民體制漸漸穩(wěn)定,日本廢除了 "治外法權",將民會等各種親日團體規(guī)整到了協(xié)和會。然后通過協(xié)和會對在滿朝鮮人實施統(tǒng)治。協(xié)和會是一個維護日本統(tǒng)治的組織,以分會為主體開展活動,實質是想以日本人為核心,實現(xiàn)民族融合,但它并沒有消除民族間的對立。此外,"滿州國"為了解決朝鮮人的國籍問題,試圖制定國籍法,但最終未能制定完成。這使得部分在"滿州國"的朝鮮人希望通過完全成為"滿州國"民來擁有更好的社會身份和地位的期待,以及親日分子希望通過"治外法權"獲得"日本臣民"的企圖都化為幻影。"滿州國"不是一個獨立的國家,而是一個偽裝成獨立國家的傀儡政權,它使得朝鮮人成為日本方便利用的一個民族。在廢除"治外法權"之前,其他民族對朝鮮人擁有"特殊地位"持不滿的態(tài)度,但事實上朝鮮人擁有的"特殊地位"卻沒有使他們的身份和社會地位得到提升。
[Abstract]:In the mid-19th century, some Koreans migrated to the Northeast China to live as "Korean Nationality". In the early period of immigration, although they migrated to the Northeast China, they were not assimilated, but still lived as Koreans and were at the bottom of the society. The impoverished living conditions and Naturalization led to the earth-shaking changes in the identity and status of the Manchu Koreans. In order to cover up the nature of its invasion of the mainland and protect the Koreans, in 1907 Japan established a temporary police station in Longjing Village, which was called the "Inter-Prefectural Island Police Station". In the process, China and Japan had a series of diplomatic frictions against the Koreans, and because the Japanese wanted to use the Koreans to expand their influence in the Northeast, China had pitied and helped the DPRK. People's attitudes changed to disgusting attitudes. Especially after the "three arrows agreement" provided legal basis for Chinese officials to manage the power of the Koreans without Japan's interference, the regime of Zhang Zuolin began to exclude the Koreans and restrict their naturalization. In 1931, Japan established Manchuria through the September 18 Incident. Before the abolition of extraterritorial jurisdiction in 1937, the Korean people were governed by the Japanese Embassy, the Japanese Consulate and the Korean Governor's Office. They gave the Korean people extraterritorial jurisdiction and recognized the Korean people as compared with other nationalities. In 1931, Japan established the Korean People's Association (DPRK) in order to instill the national consciousness of Manchukuo into the Korean people and achieve the goal of dominating the Korean people. In 1937, the colonial system gradually stabilized, Japan abolished the "extraterritorial jurisdiction" and regulated various pro-Japanese groups to the Concorde. Then through the Concorde, the Concorde ruled over the people of Manchuria. It is an organization that maintains Japanese rule and carries out activities with the branch as the main body. The essence of its activities is to take the Japanese as the core and achieve national integration, but it does not eliminate ethnic antagonism. The expectation that the Koreans would have a better social status and status by becoming fully "Manchukuo" citizens, and the desire of pro-Japanese elements to gain "Japanese subjects" through "extraterritorial jurisdiction" have all been phantom. Before the abolition of "extraterritorial jurisdiction", other nationalities were dissatisfied with the "special status" of the Korean people, but in fact, the "special status" of the Korean people did not enhance their status and social status.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D829.312.5
[Abstract]:In the mid-19th century, some Koreans migrated to the Northeast China to live as "Korean Nationality". In the early period of immigration, although they migrated to the Northeast China, they were not assimilated, but still lived as Koreans and were at the bottom of the society. The impoverished living conditions and Naturalization led to the earth-shaking changes in the identity and status of the Manchu Koreans. In order to cover up the nature of its invasion of the mainland and protect the Koreans, in 1907 Japan established a temporary police station in Longjing Village, which was called the "Inter-Prefectural Island Police Station". In the process, China and Japan had a series of diplomatic frictions against the Koreans, and because the Japanese wanted to use the Koreans to expand their influence in the Northeast, China had pitied and helped the DPRK. People's attitudes changed to disgusting attitudes. Especially after the "three arrows agreement" provided legal basis for Chinese officials to manage the power of the Koreans without Japan's interference, the regime of Zhang Zuolin began to exclude the Koreans and restrict their naturalization. In 1931, Japan established Manchuria through the September 18 Incident. Before the abolition of extraterritorial jurisdiction in 1937, the Korean people were governed by the Japanese Embassy, the Japanese Consulate and the Korean Governor's Office. They gave the Korean people extraterritorial jurisdiction and recognized the Korean people as compared with other nationalities. In 1931, Japan established the Korean People's Association (DPRK) in order to instill the national consciousness of Manchukuo into the Korean people and achieve the goal of dominating the Korean people. In 1937, the colonial system gradually stabilized, Japan abolished the "extraterritorial jurisdiction" and regulated various pro-Japanese groups to the Concorde. Then through the Concorde, the Concorde ruled over the people of Manchuria. It is an organization that maintains Japanese rule and carries out activities with the branch as the main body. The essence of its activities is to take the Japanese as the core and achieve national integration, but it does not eliminate ethnic antagonism. The expectation that the Koreans would have a better social status and status by becoming fully "Manchukuo" citizens, and the desire of pro-Japanese elements to gain "Japanese subjects" through "extraterritorial jurisdiction" have all been phantom. Before the abolition of "extraterritorial jurisdiction", other nationalities were dissatisfied with the "special status" of the Korean people, but in fact, the "special status" of the Korean people did not enhance their status and social status.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D829.312.5
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