本文選題：卡特政府 + 尼加拉瓜��； 參考：《東北師范大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 冷戰(zhàn)時期,美國的拉美政策以抵制共產(chǎn)主義勢力滲透與防止第二個古巴出現(xiàn)為核心目標。70年代末,桑地諾民族解放陣線領導的尼加拉瓜革命向美國的這一政策提出了挑戰(zhàn)。為了穩(wěn)定尼加拉瓜局勢,防止左翼革命力量奪取政權進而使革命運動波及鄰國,造成中美洲地區(qū)局勢動蕩,卡特政府采取了一系列措施應對尼加拉瓜危機,以維護美國在尼加拉瓜及其在中美洲地區(qū)的國家利益,排除蘇古勢力插手的可能。然而,尼加拉瓜的局勢卻按照自己的方式發(fā)展,使卡特政府的努力付諸東流。 本文以地緣政治理論和國家利益原則為主要理論依據(jù),通過系統(tǒng)梳理卡特政府時期有關尼加拉瓜革命的國家檔案和文獻,同時參照現(xiàn)有研究成果,力圖全面闡述卡特政府對尼加拉瓜革命的政策考慮與實施過程,揭示美國在該地區(qū)的戰(zhàn)略考慮與利益追求。 本文由四部分組成: 第一部分:分析了影響卡特政府形成對尼加拉瓜革命政策的歷史因素與時代背景。內(nèi)容涉及美國與尼加拉瓜的歷史關系;美蘇爭霸與古巴革命對美國拉美政策的影響;索摩查獨裁政權與美國政府之間的關系。 第二部分:利用相關文獻與檔案資料,全面闡述了導致尼加拉瓜革命爆發(fā)的內(nèi)外因素以及卡特政府的政策選擇。包括:尼加拉瓜革命爆發(fā)的背景與進程;卡特政府應對尼加拉瓜革命的政策考慮、實施過程及其結(jié)果。 第三部分:對卡特政府的尼加拉瓜革命政策做出評價,分析造成卡特政府對尼加拉瓜革命政策失敗的諸多原因。 第四部分:闡述了尼加拉瓜革命的勝利對地區(qū)局勢的影響,以及美國對拉美政策的調(diào)整。
[Abstract]:During the Cold War, the core goal of the United States' Latin American policy was to resist the infiltration of communist forces and prevent the emergence of the second Cuba. In the late 1970s, the Nicaraguan Revolution led by the Sandino National Liberation Front challenged this policy of the United States. In order to stabilize the situation in Nicaragua, to prevent the left-wing revolutionary forces from seizing power and thus to spread the revolutionary movement to neighbouring countries and to cause instability in the Central American region, the Carter administration has taken a series of measures to deal with the Nicaraguan crisis. In order to safeguard the national interests of the United States in Nicaragua and Central America, the Sugu forces can be excluded. The situation in Nicaragua, however, has evolved in its own way, reversing the Carter administration's efforts. Based on the theory of geopolitics and the principle of national interest, this paper systematically combs the national archives and documents about the Nicaraguan revolution during the Carter Administration, and at the same time refers to the existing research results. This paper tries to expound the policy consideration and implementation process of Carter Administration to the Nicaraguan Revolution and reveal the strategic considerations and the pursuit of interests of the United States in the region. This paper consists of four parts: the first part analyzes the historical factors and historical background of the formation of the Carter Administration's revolutionary policy towards Nicaragua. The contents cover the historical relations between the United States and Nicaragua, the influence of the American and Soviet hegemony and the Cuban revolution on the United States' Latin American policy, and the relationship between the dictatorship of Somoza and the United States government. The second part: by using the relevant documents and archives, the paper comprehensively expounds the internal and external factors leading to the outbreak of the Nicaraguan revolution and the policy choice of the Carter administration. Including: the background and process of the outbreak of the Nicaraguan Revolution, the policy consideration, the implementation process and the results of the Carter Administration in response to the Nicaraguan Revolution. The third part: the evaluation of Carter Administration's revolutionary policy in Nicaragua and the analysis of the reasons for the failure of Carter Administration's revolutionary policy in Nicaragua. The fourth part expounds the influence of the victory of the Nicaraguan Revolution on the regional situation and the adjustment of American policy towards Latin America.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D871.2

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本文編號：2023965