本文選題：美國(guó)　切入點(diǎn)：以色列　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：美國(guó)和以色列是在國(guó)土面積和國(guó)家實(shí)力等方面相差懸殊但關(guān)系相當(dāng)密切的兩個(gè)國(guó)家。理論界一直將美國(guó)以色列關(guān)系定義為特殊的關(guān)系。美國(guó)以色列之間的特殊關(guān)系源起于猶太復(fù)國(guó)主義時(shí)期,成熟于冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期,經(jīng)歷了冷戰(zhàn)后戰(zhàn)略基礎(chǔ)的新調(diào)整之后繼續(xù)平穩(wěn)發(fā)展。雖然兩國(guó)之間特殊關(guān)系的建立經(jīng)歷過(guò)一系列的波折,但依舊成為國(guó)際關(guān)系史上一個(gè)超級(jí)大國(guó)與一個(gè)小國(guó)結(jié)盟的特殊案例。 美國(guó)與以色列兩國(guó)關(guān)系的特殊性表現(xiàn)在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事、文化等多個(gè)方面。在政治層面,美以兩國(guó)之間的特殊關(guān)系首先表現(xiàn)在政治和外交層面上的相互支持,美國(guó)成為最早承認(rèn)以色列建國(guó)的國(guó)家,而建國(guó)后的以色列一路追隨美國(guó),在國(guó)際社會(huì)上堅(jiān)定站在美國(guó)一邊。在經(jīng)濟(jì)層面上,美以關(guān)系的特殊性一方面表現(xiàn)在美國(guó)對(duì)以色列的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助上,另一方面體現(xiàn)就是兩國(guó)緊密的經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系和合作。美國(guó)對(duì)以色列的經(jīng)濟(jì)援助呈現(xiàn)出援助數(shù)額大,援助周期長(zhǎng),援助監(jiān)管松弛三個(gè)特點(diǎn)。美國(guó)以色列特殊關(guān)系在軍事層面上首先表現(xiàn)為美國(guó)對(duì)以色列的軍事援助,其次便是美以兩國(guó)在戰(zhàn)略軍事情報(bào)方面的共享與合作。在社會(huì)層面上兩國(guó)的相互認(rèn)同以及兩國(guó)在學(xué)術(shù)方面的交流都給這兩國(guó)關(guān)系增添特殊的色彩。 本文在對(duì)美國(guó)以色列關(guān)系的歷史梳理及其特殊性分析的基礎(chǔ)上詳細(xì)分析了推動(dòng)這種特殊關(guān)系維系和發(fā)展的動(dòng)力因素。這些動(dòng)力因素主要包括戰(zhàn)略和安全利益因素、美國(guó)院外游說(shuō)集團(tuán)因素、文化認(rèn)同因素等方面,這些動(dòng)力因素在不同歷史時(shí)期對(duì)于推動(dòng)美以特殊關(guān)系所扮演的角色也不相同,并且這些動(dòng)力因素本身也處在一個(gè)彼此建構(gòu)的過(guò)程當(dāng)中。因此,本文是在動(dòng)態(tài)中開(kāi)展對(duì)美以特殊關(guān)系及其動(dòng)力因素的研究。 基于對(duì)美以特殊關(guān)系動(dòng)力因素的動(dòng)態(tài)分析,本文對(duì)美以特殊關(guān)系的未來(lái)發(fā)展做出了預(yù)測(cè)。美國(guó)和以色列兩國(guó)之間的特殊關(guān)系是由諸多因素推動(dòng)而形成,這些推動(dòng)因素在新的時(shí)期呈現(xiàn)不同的特點(diǎn)并發(fā)揮不同的作用。反恐、防擴(kuò)散以及推行民主成為新時(shí)期推動(dòng)美以兩國(guó)特殊關(guān)系發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略動(dòng)因,美以兩國(guó)相互的文化認(rèn)同作為深層動(dòng)因繼續(xù)推進(jìn)美以兩國(guó)特殊關(guān)系向前發(fā)展,美國(guó)猶太人院外游說(shuō)集團(tuán)作為推動(dòng)美以特殊關(guān)系發(fā)展的輔助動(dòng)因也將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮作用。美國(guó)新近的戰(zhàn)略東移的調(diào)整對(duì)美以特殊關(guān)系未來(lái)發(fā)展來(lái)講也是一次難得的機(jī)遇。因此,在動(dòng)力因素依舊起作用的當(dāng)下,美以特殊關(guān)系在相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的時(shí)期內(nèi)仍將得以維系。
[Abstract]:The United States and Israel are two different countries in terms of land size and national strength, but the relationship is quite close. The theorists have always defined the U.S.-Israel relationship as a special relationship. The special relationship between the United States and Israel. Dating back to the Zionist era, Mature in the Cold War period and continue to develop smoothly after a new adjustment of the strategic basis after the Cold War. Although the establishment of special relations between the two countries has experienced a series of twists and turns, But it remains a special case of a superpower allied with a small country in the history of international relations. The particularity of the relationship between the United States and Israel is manifested in political, economic, military, cultural and other aspects. At the political level, the special relationship between the United States and Israel is first manifested in mutual support at the political and diplomatic levels. The United States became the first country to recognize Israel's statehood, and since its founding Israel has followed the United States and firmly sided with the United States in the international community. At the economic level, The particularity of US-Israel relations is manifested on the one hand in the United States' economic assistance to Israel, on the other hand, in the close economic ties and cooperation between the two countries. The United States' economic assistance to Israel shows a large amount of aid and a long aid cycle. Three characteristics of aid regulation relaxation. The special relationship between the United States and Israel at the military level is first manifested in the United States' military assistance to Israel. Secondly, the sharing and cooperation between the United States and Israel in strategic military intelligence. At the social level, the mutual recognition between the two countries and the academic exchanges between the two countries add a special color to the relationship between the two countries. On the basis of analyzing the history and particularity of U.S.-Israel relationship, this paper analyzes in detail the motive factors that promote the maintenance and development of this special relationship. These dynamic factors mainly include the factors of strategic and security interests. The factors of lobby groups outside the courts of the United States, the factors of cultural identity, and so on, these dynamic factors have played different roles in promoting the special relationship between the United States and Israel in different historical periods. And these dynamic factors themselves are also in a process of mutual construction. Therefore, this paper is to carry out a dynamic study of the special relationship between the United States and Israel and its dynamic factors. Based on the dynamic analysis of the dynamic factors of the special relationship between the United States and Israel, this paper predicts the future development of the special relationship between the United States and Israel. These factors have different characteristics and different roles in the new period. Anti-terrorism, non-proliferation and the promotion of democracy are strategic drivers for the development of the special relationship between the United States and Israel in the new period. The mutual cultural identity between the United States and Israel continues to push forward the development of the special relationship between the United States and Israel as a deep motive. The Jewish lobby group in the United States will also continue to play a role as an auxiliary agent in promoting the development of the special relationship between the United States and Israel. The adjustment of the recent eastward shift of the United States strategy is also a rare opportunity for the future development of the special relationship between the United States and Israel. At a time when dynamic factors are still at work, the special relationship between the US and Israel will be maintained for a long time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D871.2;D838.2
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本文編號(hào)：1655551