發(fā)布時間：2018-03-23 12:19

  本文選題：無核世界　切入點：核不擴散機制　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 從核武器誕生起,回歸更加安全的“無核世界”呼聲就此起彼伏。“無核世界”在理論上符合國際關(guān)系理論中自由制度主義的合作模式,在利益上符合國際社會中大多數(shù)國家的安全需要,并有道義上的必要性。雖然回歸“無核世界”的道路曲折而漫長,但通過抓住有效控制核擴散、切實進行核裁軍等途徑采取一種漸進式的方法,逐步走向“無核世界”。 進入核時代以來,世界上先后出現(xiàn)過四次廢除核武器、建立“無核世界”運動的高潮。通過這些浪潮的推動,一系列核不擴散和核裁軍方面的國際條約和國際組織應(yīng)運而生,從國際法、國際機制的角度規(guī)范了國家對于核武器的戰(zhàn)略選擇和相應(yīng)的行為,保證了“無核世界”的可行性。然而,由于科技進步、全球一體化、對和平利用核能的急迫需求等客觀因素和應(yīng)承擔(dān)主要責(zé)任的核大國尤其是美國一度失職產(chǎn)生的主觀因素帶來的障礙,“無核世界”始終難以成真。 美國新任總統(tǒng)奧巴馬上臺后由于內(nèi)部原因和外部原因的共同作用,而對“無核世界”的新浪潮采取了大力支持的態(tài)度。為此,奧巴馬政府采取了發(fā)布新的《核態(tài)勢審議報告》減小核武器在美國安全戰(zhàn)略中的作用、與俄羅斯達成新的裁軍條約落實核裁軍步伐、推動召開國際核安全峰會以加強全球共同防范核恐怖主義的力度、強化并完善國際核不擴散機制和軍控機制等具體行動,為當前的“無核世界”運動爭取到了天時、地利、人和。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of nuclear weapons, calls for a return to a safer "nuclear-free world" have been repeated. The "nuclear-free world" is theoretically in line with the free institutionalism model of cooperation in the theory of international relations. Serving the security needs of most States in the international community and the moral imperative... although the road to a return to a "nuclear-free world" is long and tortuous, by seizing the effective control of nuclear proliferation, We should adopt a gradual approach to nuclear disarmament and move towards a world without nuclear weapons. Since entering the nuclear age, the world has witnessed the climax of the campaign for the abolition of nuclear weapons and the establishment of a "nuclear-free world". Through these waves, a series of international treaties and organizations in the field of nuclear non-proliferation and nuclear disarmament have emerged as the times require. From the point of view of international law and international mechanisms, the strategic choices and corresponding actions of States with regard to nuclear weapons are regulated and the feasibility of a "nuclear-free world" is guaranteed. However, as a result of scientific and technological progress, global integration, The obstacles caused by objective factors such as the urgent demand for the peaceful use of nuclear energy and the subjective factors caused by the major responsible nuclear powers, especially the United States, have always been difficult to realize. Since the new US President Barack Obama came to power, he has taken a strong attitude of support for the new wave of a "nuclear-free world" because of the joint action of internal and external reasons. To this end, The Obama administration has taken the step of issuing a new Nuclear posture Review to reduce the role of nuclear weapons in the US security strategy and to conclude a new disarmament treaty with Russia to implement nuclear disarmament. To promote the convening of the International Nuclear Security Summit to strengthen the global joint efforts to prevent nuclear terrorism, and to strengthen and improve the international nuclear non-proliferation mechanism and the arms control mechanism, and other concrete actions, thus winning the right time and favorable geographical position for the current "nuclear-free world" movement. People and people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D815.2

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本文編號：1653425