本文選題：首腦　切入點：首腦外交　出處：《東華大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“首腦外交”是當今世界外交發(fā)展的主要形式之一，也是在全球一體化、各國聯(lián)系不斷加強的背景之下在外交領(lǐng)域的具體反映，豐富和擴展了各國外交活動的形式�！笆啄X外交”近些年來，之所以能夠取得較快的發(fā)展，不僅因為它具有發(fā)展的良好國際環(huán)境，更有促成其發(fā)展的各國土壤。近些年來，，隨著全球一體化進程的加快，很多國家面臨著全球化帶來的消極影響，如石油問題、恐怖主義、獨立分裂、全球氣候變暖、經(jīng)濟危機、金融海嘯、地震等自然災(zāi)害，城市人口老齡化、能源緊缺等各類問題，而各種問題的解決絕不僅僅是依靠一國力量就可以完成的，當各國都意識到其他國家解決某一問題的能力可以對本國的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重大影響時，閉關(guān)鎖國類現(xiàn)象便失去了生存的根本。 本文的主要研究視角就是從首腦外交的角度，以新中國成立以來的對美首腦外交史實為研究對象，按照時間順序來探討新中國五位核心領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的對美首腦外交的演變、特點、和規(guī)律，并從中分析出縱向特點，以供未來之參考。除此之外，筆者還分析了首腦外交給經(jīng)貿(mào)、文化、安全、美國兩黨派等等方面帶來的或者積極或者消極的戰(zhàn)略影響。 縱觀中美關(guān)系發(fā)展史，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著中國國力的增強，在國際上地位的提升，國際影響力不斷擴大，中美兩國漸漸走出興新崛起大國和唯一超級大國的固定模式，出現(xiàn)了很多新的特點。未來，中美關(guān)系會成為全球最重要的雙邊關(guān)系，國際形勢的總體問題也有利于中美兩國強強聯(lián)手，實現(xiàn)雙贏。當然，中國在地區(qū)影響力的不斷上升也會成為中美之間新的爭端源頭，美國對于中國的發(fā)展依然會感到不安。但總體來說，美國的對華政策依然走著更加務(wù)實的線路，他們認為對于中國的崛起不能阻止，只能“引導(dǎo)”，最有利于美國發(fā)展的對華政策就是不斷加強兩國合作，同時我們也可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，近些年來，美國民主黨和共和黨的黨派對華態(tài)度分歧也在不斷縮小，這也是中美關(guān)系穩(wěn)定的一方面因素。未來兩國將會探索出一條興新大國和現(xiàn)存大國的和平發(fā)展、互利合作的道路。
[Abstract]:"Summit diplomacy" is one of the main forms of diplomatic development in the world today. It is also a concrete reflection in the diplomatic field in the context of global integration and the continuous strengthening of ties between countries. Enriched and expanded the forms of diplomatic activities of various countries. "Summit diplomacy" has been able to achieve rapid development in recent years, not only because it has a favourable international environment for development, but also because it has the soil of various countries that have contributed to its development. With the acceleration of global integration, many countries are facing the negative effects of globalization, such as oil problems, terrorism, fragmentation, global warming, economic crisis, financial tsunami, earthquake and other natural disasters. The aging of the urban population, the shortage of energy, and other problems, and the solution of all kinds of problems is not just a matter of relying on the power of one country. When all countries realize that the ability of other countries to solve a problem can have a great impact on their own development, the phenomenon of closing the door to the outside world loses the root of survival. The main research angle of this paper is to explore the evolution and characteristics of the five core leaders of New China to the United States from the perspective of summit diplomacy, taking the diplomatic history of the leaders to the United States since the founding of New China as the object of study, according to the chronological order. In addition, the author also analyzes the positive or negative strategic influence of summit diplomacy on economy and trade, culture, security, American bipartisanship and so on. Looking at the history of the development of Sino-US relations, we can find that with the enhancement of China's national strength, the promotion of its position in the international arena, and the continuous expansion of international influence, China and the United States are gradually coming out of the fixed pattern of rising new powers and the sole superpower. Many new features have emerged. In the future, Sino-US relations will become the most important bilateral relationship in the world, and the overall problems in the international situation will also help China and the United States join forces to achieve a win-win situation. China's growing influence in the region will also become a new source of dispute between China and the United States, and the United States will remain uneasy about China's development. But overall, the United States' China policy is still on a more pragmatic path. They believe that China's rise cannot be stopped, it can only be "guided", and that the most favorable policy toward China for the United States is to continuously strengthen cooperation between the two countries. At the same time, we can also find that in recent years, In the future, the two countries will explore a path of peaceful development and mutually beneficial cooperation between new and existing powers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D822.371.2

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