本文選題：中國　切入點：印度　出處：《蘭州大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前,龐大人口基數(shù)上的全球人口高速增長和經(jīng)濟快速發(fā)展所導(dǎo)致的巨大用水需求業(yè)已給全球水環(huán)境造成了難以承受的壓力,人類正面臨著前所未有的水危機。中國和印度作為全球范圍內(nèi)人口最多的發(fā)展中大國,隨著經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展,兩國業(yè)已承受著較為嚴(yán)重的用水壓力,在這種背景下兩國已著手開發(fā)源自中國西藏且流經(jīng)南亞地區(qū)的跨界河流。然而,隨著中國加快跨界河流的開發(fā),在領(lǐng)土爭端及政治互信赤字等因素的影響下,印度輿論反復(fù)炒作“中國水威脅論”,使水資源問題從中印關(guān)系的幕后走上前臺。實際上,中印水資源問題主要包括三方面：一是兩國客觀存在的因水資源開發(fā)利用所產(chǎn)生且必須面對的水源分配和水利工程設(shè)施管理問題,二是出于政治考量印度利用跨界河流籌賭爭端領(lǐng)土的法理歸屬問題,三是因印度輿論炒作“中國水威脅論”引起的兩國互信缺失加劇等問題。目前,在保證跨界河流合作不會對爭端領(lǐng)土造成法理歸屬的前提下,中印己就跨界河流水文交換等問題進行了相關(guān)合作,但因主要跨界河流雅魯藏布江涉及下游孟加拉國等,因而合作一定程度上還存摻雜著區(qū)域因素。 在此背景下,本文圍繞中印國內(nèi)水危機背景下兩國跨界河流水資源開發(fā)這條主線展開,著重分析中印水資源問題產(chǎn)生的背景、現(xiàn)狀及對兩國關(guān)系的影響,分析中印水資源合作所必須考慮的幾點因素,以及國際法對中印跨界水資源紛爭解決的適用性及全球典型跨界河流糾紛的解決模式對兩國解決紛爭的借鑒等問題,從區(qū)域合作的高度思索中印水資源問題區(qū)域化解決的可行性。論文主要章節(jié)架構(gòu)如下：導(dǎo)論簡要介紹全球水危機及中印水資源問題浮出水面的背景,對國內(nèi)外已有研究作簡單綜述,并點出本課題研究的重點和難點；第1章一般性分析水資源與國家關(guān)系問題；第2章從印度國內(nèi)水資源概況及其開發(fā)計劃和中國水資源概況與青藏水資源開發(fā)著手,引出中印水資源問題的緣起與現(xiàn)狀,正式提出中印水資源問題；第3章著重分析印度炒作中印水資源問題對兩國關(guān)系的影響,主要涉及水資源爭端加劇兩國互信赤字、領(lǐng)土爭端和中印雙邊及“中國一南亞”多邊關(guān)系復(fù)雜化三方面問題；第4章就中印水資源紛爭的應(yīng)對思路作一些簡單思考。
[Abstract]:At present, the huge demand for water caused by the rapid growth of global population and rapid economic development on the large population base has put unbearable pressure on the global water environment, Mankind is facing an unprecedented water crisis. China and India, the most populous developing countries in the world, are already under severe water pressure with the rapid development of their economies. In this context, the two countries have embarked on the development of cross-border rivers originating in China's Tibet and flowing through South Asia. However, as China speeds up the development of cross-border rivers, under the influence of factors such as territorial disputes and political trust deficits, Indian public opinion has repeatedly hyped the "China Water threat Theory", which has brought the water resources issue to the fore from behind the scenes in Sino-Indian relations. In fact, The problems of water resources in China and India mainly include three aspects: first, the problems of water resources allocation and water conservancy project facilities management that must be faced by the development and utilization of water resources exist objectively in the two countries. Second, due to political considerations, India uses cross-border rivers for gambling on the issue of legal attribution of the disputed territory. Third, due to the speculation by Indian public opinion about the "China Water threat Theory," the loss of mutual trust between the two countries is increasing. At present, On the premise of ensuring that cross-border river cooperation will not result in legal attribution of the disputed territory, China and India have conducted relevant cooperation on such issues as the hydrological exchange of transboundary rivers, but since the main cross-border river, the Yarlung Zangbo River, involves downstream Bangladesh and so on, Therefore, to a certain extent, the cooperation is still mixed with regional factors. In this context, this paper focuses on the development of transboundary river water resources in China and India under the background of the domestic water crisis in China and India, focusing on the background, the current situation and the impact on the relations between the two countries. This paper analyzes several factors that must be considered in Sino-Indian water resources cooperation, as well as the applicability of international law to the settlement of transboundary water resources disputes between China and India, as well as the reference to the settlement of disputes between the two countries based on the typical global model of cross-border river disputes. From the perspective of regional cooperation, this paper considers the feasibility of regionalization of water resources problems between China and India. The main chapters of this paper are as follows: the introduction briefly introduces the global water crisis and the background of water resources problems in China and India. A brief review of the existing studies at home and abroad, and points out the focus and difficulties of this research. Chapter 1 general analysis of the relationship between water resources and the state; In chapter 2, the origin and present situation of water resources problems in China and India are introduced from India's domestic water resources and its development plan, China's water resources situation and Qinghai-Tibet water resources development, and the problems of China and India's water resources are formally put forward. The third chapter focuses on the impact of Indian speculation on the relationship between China and India, which mainly involves three aspects: water resources dispute exacerbates the deficit of mutual trust between the two countries, the territorial dispute and the complexity of bilateral and "China-South Asia" multilateral relations between India and China. Chapter 4 makes some simple thoughts on the water resources dispute between China and India.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D822.3;F125.5

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