本文關鍵詞： 外交政策 公眾因素 中國中東外交 外交機制創(chuàng)新 民意政治　出處：《上海外國語大學》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文以外交決策理論為依托，從“公眾-政府”視角探討了中國開展“公眾外交”后“公眾因素對外交政策制定”的影響。研究聚焦于公眾因素對中國中東外交政策制定過程的影響，重點著眼于兩個方面：一是通過回顧公眾因素參與中國對中東外交的歷史，分析其特點、格局、動因、路徑；二是通過公眾因素參與中國對中東外交的典型案例分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)面向公眾的中東外交政策制定機制有待充實和完善，提出了促進外交決策機制創(chuàng)新的建議。 本文主要從四個方面研究公眾因素對中國中東外交政策制定的影響： 一、公眾參與中東外交政策制定的歷史。本文將有關中國“公眾因素對外交政策制定”影響的研究從中國與各大國的外交延伸到中國與地區(qū)關系的領域，既兼顧整個中東大局，又聚焦中東地區(qū)不同文化、民族的區(qū)域如阿拉伯、以色列、伊朗、土耳其等。在對中國公眾群體進行適度分類的基礎上，對公眾參與外交政策制定進行了歷史發(fā)展階段的梳理。通過中國公眾對中東地區(qū)及其主要國家認識過程研究，分析了公眾關注中東外交的歷史和現(xiàn)實原因，既有作為對大國間關系持續(xù)關注的延展需要，也有對同處轉型時期社會對比考慮的需要，其表現(xiàn)形式呈現(xiàn)出受情感、利益和道義（責任）三種要素的影響。 二、公眾參與中東外交政策制定的里程碑。本文將研究對象具體指向中東地區(qū)，這一在中國與地區(qū)關系層面開展“外交政策制定與公眾參與”研究中具有代表意義和高度現(xiàn)實需求的場域。以在中國公眾因素影響中東外交政策制定方面具有里程碑意義的伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭為研究重點，，分析了公眾因素參與所呈現(xiàn)的新動向（如媒體以創(chuàng)新形式全方位報道影響公眾參與程度、公眾在伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭前的“反戰(zhàn)”與“挺戰(zhàn)”情緒等）、新特點（如運用網(wǎng)絡載體表達明確意見、公眾意見與政府立場遙相呼應但不盡相同、表達內(nèi)容理性與率性相伴等）、新格局（公眾在整個過程中以各種組合方式向政府表達意見，政府也給予回應，在各個行為體互動的過程中呈現(xiàn)出多樣而豐富的交流）。 三、公眾參與中東外交政策制定的動因。本文認為中國公眾對于中東外交的參與已涵蓋普通大眾、媒體、學者、思想庫、行業(yè)組織、公民團體等各類公眾群體。伊拉克戰(zhàn)爭以后，面對形勢多變、與中國重要利益日益密切的中東格局，中國中東外交政策制定受到了更為廣泛、深入、持續(xù)的公眾影響。本文通過案例分析的方式，提出了公眾深度關注中國中東外交的六方面主要動因，即：國家主權利益、地緣政治利益、海外經(jīng)濟利益、海外公民安全利益、外國對華公共外交、價值觀作為內(nèi)政評價標準在外交中的凸顯。 四、外交決策機制建設。本文客觀評價中國公眾因素對中國中東外交政策制定的影響力，指出了中國中東外交政策制定機制有待充實和完善。提出了增強外交能力，促進外交決策機制創(chuàng)新的建議，如構建涉及外交事務的國民教育機制、完善非涉密外交事務的信息發(fā)布機制、充實外交事務公眾參與機制、完善政府與公眾之間的互動機制。論文提出要認知、理解并關注公眾對中國外交政策制定參與興趣迅速增加、影響程度不斷提升的趨勢，建議建立一種政府外交政策制定部門與公眾之間良性互動的機制。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of foreign policy as the basis, from the "public government" perspective of the Chinese carry out "public diplomacy" after the "public foreign policy factors" influence. Study focused on public factors making influence on the process of Chinese foreign policy in the Middle East, focusing on two aspects: one is through the review of public participation factors China of Middle East diplomacy history, analyzes its characteristics, structure, motivation, path; two are involved in the analysis of typical cases of China diplomacy in the Middle East by public factors, found that foreign policy in the Middle East for the public is to enrich and perfect the development mechanism, put forward to promote the innovation of diplomatic decision-making mechanism is proposed.
This paper mainly studies the influence of public factors on the formulation of Chinese Middle East foreign policy from four aspects.
A, public participation in the Middle East foreign policy history. This paper will Chinese about "public factors of foreign policy making research on the effect from China with each power extended to the China area and foreign relations, not only take into account the entire Middle East, and the Middle East focus of different cultures, ethnic regions such as Arabia, Israel. Iran, Turkey and so on. Based on the classification of Chinese moderate public group, on public participation in the foreign policy of the historical stage of development. Through the process of combing the Chinese public in the Middle East and its main national awareness, analysis of the public diplomacy in the middle east the historical and practical reasons, both as to the relations between big powers continue pay attention to extension needs, also need to consider in the comparative period of social transformation, in the form of showing emotions, interests and moral (responsibility) to three The effect of the element.
Two, public participation in the formulation of foreign policy in the Middle East milepost. This study will be specific to the Middle East, the Chinese and region level to carry out "foreign policy field representative and highly realistic demand research and public participation". In order to influence foreign policy in the Middle East has formulated China public milepost significance the Iraq war is the focus of the study, analysis of the new trends of public participation factors (such as media to innovative forms of full coverage influence the degree of public participation, the public before the Iraq war "anti war" and "a war" sentiment, etc.) new features (such as the use of network expression clear opinion, public opinion and the government's position with but not identical, the expression content of rational and straightforwardness etc.), accompanied by new pattern (the public in the whole process in a variety of combinations to express the government Opinion, the government is also responding, in the process of interaction between the various actors showing a variety of rich communication.
Three, the public participation motivation of diplomacy in the Middle East policies. The Chinese public participation for Middle East diplomacy has been covered by the general public, the media, academics, think tanks, industry organizations, civic groups and other public groups. After the Iraq war, facing the situation is changeable, is closely related to the vital interests of the Middle East China pattern, China foreign policy in the Middle East by making more extensive, in-depth, sustained public effects. In this paper, by means of case analysis, put forward the public depth focus on six aspects of the main motive, Chinese Middle East Diplomacy: the nation's sovereign interests, geopolitical interests, economic interests overseas, overseas citizen security interests, foreign public diplomacy to China, highlighting the values as the interior the evaluation standard in diplomacy.
Four, the construction of diplomatic decision-making mechanism. The objective evaluation factors of Chinese China public diplomacy in the Middle East policy influence, pointed out the Chinese diplomacy in the Middle East policy-making mechanism needs to be improved and enriched. Put forward to enhance diplomatic ability, promote the innovation of diplomatic decision-making mechanism is proposed, such as the construction of foreign affairs involving the national education system, improve the non classified foreign affairs the information release mechanism, enrich foreign affairs public participation mechanism, improve the interaction mechanism between the government and the public. This paper puts forward to cognition, understanding and concern of the public on foreign policy Chinese participation interest increased rapidly, the influence degree of the rising trend, the mechanism of interaction between the establishment of a foreign government departments and the public policy recommendations.

【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D820;D815.4

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本文編號：1481030