發(fā)布時間：2018-05-06 08:14

  本文選題：戰(zhàn)后 + 民主　； 參考：《開放時代》2016年06期

【摘要】：若從戰(zhàn)后的視角來反觀日本的近現(xiàn)代史,即可發(fā)現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭與民主化實際上緊密地糾纏在一起。每次戰(zhàn)爭,戰(zhàn)時體制都會形成促進戰(zhàn)后民主化的社會基礎(chǔ),導(dǎo)致"戰(zhàn)后民主"制度化。對日本尤為重要的是,除了最后的"戰(zhàn)后"之外,"戰(zhàn)后民主"同日本的軍國化及對外膨脹主義一體推而進之。通過戰(zhàn)爭推進政治的民主化和社會的一體化——這是貫穿近代東亞國家四個"戰(zhàn)后"的一個共性。意味深長的是,即使曾經(jīng)作為帝國日本侵略和統(tǒng)治對象的國家及地區(qū),抗日戰(zhàn)爭也成了促進體制變革的契機,出現(xiàn)了和日本相似的"戰(zhàn)后民主"。其程度雖不相同,但可以說戰(zhàn)爭確實給勝敗雙方都帶來了民主化。本文試圖分析甲午中日戰(zhàn)爭、日俄戰(zhàn)爭、第一次世界大戰(zhàn)和亞洲太平洋戰(zhàn)爭(二戰(zhàn))這四種不同"戰(zhàn)后"的性質(zhì),并就戰(zhàn)爭對各國內(nèi)政所引起的巨變(尤其是社會的平等化和政治的民主化)進行初步的理論性概括。
[Abstract]:If we look at Japan's modern history from the perspective of postwar, we can find that war and democratization are inextricably intertwined. In each war, the wartime system forms the social foundation to promote postwar democratization, leading to the institutionalization of postwar democracy. What is particularly important to Japan is that, in addition to the final postwar, postwar democracy has advanced along with Japan's militarization and expansionism. To promote political democratization and social integration through war is a commonality throughout the four postwar periods of modern East Asian countries. What is significant is that even the countries and regions that were once the object of imperial Japan's invasion and rule, the War of Resistance against Japan became an opportunity to promote institutional change, and a "post-war democracy" similar to that of Japan appeared. To varying degrees, it can be said that the war did bring democratization to both the victorious and the defeated. This paper attempts to analyze the nature of the four different "postwar" wars: the Sino-Japanese War, the Japanese-Russian War, the first World War and the Asia-Pacific War (World War II). It also makes a preliminary theoretical summary of the great changes caused by war on the internal affairs of countries (especially the equality of society and the democratization of politics).
【作者單位】： 日本東京大學(xué)大學(xué)院;
【分類號】：K31
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本文編號：1851499