本文選題：命題態(tài)度 + 弗雷格疑難��； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：命題態(tài)度是語言學(xué)、語言哲學(xué)、心靈哲學(xué)、認(rèn)知邏輯、人工智能知識(shí)表征和信息經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域中的重要研究課題。對(duì)于命題態(tài)度結(jié)構(gòu)的不同方案，都面臨著許多的困境。其中最核心的問題就是：弗雷格疑難，它統(tǒng)領(lǐng)了命題態(tài)度的相關(guān)問題研究，如：態(tài)度形式化問題、態(tài)度歸屬問題（本體）、態(tài)度內(nèi)容表征（語義）等。本論文主要是從命題態(tài)度的語形和語義兩方面著手，以福多的理論標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為指南，對(duì)命題態(tài)度結(jié)構(gòu)研究做一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的考察，比較不同處理方案之間的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，試圖給出一個(gè)更為合理的方案。 弗雷格疑難的提出表明命題態(tài)度的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)研究已經(jīng)開啟，而其衍生出來的兩個(gè)重要的變體：克里普克的信念之謎以及理查德疑難，表明命題態(tài)度的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)研究進(jìn)一步深入。弗雷格疑難表明同一置換律在晦暗語境中失效，而克里普克信念之謎表明在晦暗語境中不用同一置換律也會(huì)產(chǎn)生疑難，而理查德疑難表明透明語境中同一置換律也會(huì)失效，因而該疑難更加具有挑戰(zhàn)性。 命題態(tài)度的邏輯語形結(jié)構(gòu)主要圍繞主體-態(tài)度-語句這三者之間的關(guān)系來處理，主要有幾種方法：A.態(tài)度是謂詞。這種處理的結(jié)果會(huì)直接導(dǎo)致邏輯矛盾。B.態(tài)度是算子。算子的觀點(diǎn)直接導(dǎo)致晦暗性指稱和透明性指稱的區(qū)分，同時(shí)引入了內(nèi)涵個(gè)體和全能主體，這些都和直覺不吻合。C.主體-態(tài)度-內(nèi)容是范疇類型運(yùn)算。由Montague（1974）提出而發(fā)展。 在邏輯上，語形和語義一般是一一對(duì)應(yīng)的。因而，，命題態(tài)度的邏輯語義結(jié)構(gòu)相應(yīng)于上述三種語形處理有著相應(yīng)的語義解釋：A.復(fù)合語義。這是弗雷格的語義基本原則。B.可能世界語義。由辛迪卡和克里普克諸多學(xué)者提出，帶來了新的本體承諾。C.范疇類型邏輯語義。 邏輯學(xué)中的一些問題如邏輯全能問題和認(rèn)知悖論，認(rèn)識(shí)論中的認(rèn)知封閉原則問題，都和弗雷格疑難問題關(guān)聯(lián)，命題態(tài)度理論也許能夠提供一個(gè)解決的視角。
[Abstract]:Propositional attitude is an important research topic in the fields of linguistics, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, cognitive logic, artificial intelligence knowledge representation and information economics. The different schemes of propositional attitude structure are faced with many difficulties. The most important problem is Frege's problem, which leads the research of propositional attitude, such as formalization of attitude, ownership of attitude (ontology), representation of attitude content (semantics) and so on. This thesis mainly focuses on the morphologies and semantics of propositional attitudes, taking Fudor's theoretical standards as the guide, and makes a systematic investigation on the structure of propositional attitudes, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of different treatment schemes. Try to come up with a more reasonable plan. The introduction of Frege's problem indicates that the study of the logical structure of propositional attitude has been opened, and the two important variants derived from it, the riddle of Kripke's belief and the difficulty of Richard's, indicate that the study of the logical structure of propositional attitude is further studied. Frege's difficulty indicates that the same permutation law is invalid in the dark context, while the riddle of Kripke's belief shows that the same permutation law is difficult without the same permutation law in the dark context, while Richard's difficulty indicates that the same permutation law will also fail in the transparent context. The problem is therefore more challenging. The logical figurative structure of propositional attitude mainly deals with the relationship between subject-attitude and sentence, and there are several ways to deal with it: A. Attitude is a predicate. The result of this process is a direct logical contradiction. B. Attitude is an operator. The viewpoint of operator directly leads to the distinction between obscurity reference and transparent reference, and at the same time introduces the connotative individual and the omnipotent subject, which are inconsistent with the intuition. Subject-attitude-content is category type operation. Developed by Montague (1974). Logically, morphologies and semantics are generally one-to-one correspondence. Therefore, the logical semantic structure of propositional attitude is corresponding to the above three morphologies and has a corresponding semantic interpretation: A. Compound semantics. This is Frege's basic semantic principle. Possible world semantics. Proposed by many scholars such as Syndica and Kripke, it brings new ontological commitment. Category type logic semantics. Some problems in logic, such as logic omnipotent problem and cognitive paradox, cognitive closure principle in epistemology, are all related to Frege's problem. Propositional attitude theory may provide a perspective to solve the problem.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：B812

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