發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-11 14:34

【摘要】：協(xié)商民主理論,是20世紀(jì)九十年代西方政治理論界興起的民主理論,但在我國(guó)早期的政治民主發(fā)展歷程中已經(jīng)蘊(yùn)含著協(xié)商民主的思想,并且進(jìn)行著初步的實(shí)踐。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,經(jīng)濟(jì)利益和社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)呈現(xiàn)復(fù)雜性、多元性,社會(huì)不同利益主體經(jīng)濟(jì)地位的上升要求政治地位也要得到保障,人們參與公共事務(wù)的要求越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈。2006年,《中共中央關(guān)于加強(qiáng)人民政協(xié)工作的意見(jiàn)》指出,選舉民主與協(xié)商民主是我國(guó)社會(huì)主義民主的兩種重要形式。傳統(tǒng)的民主形式已經(jīng)不能夠滿(mǎn)足人們?nèi)找嬖鲩L(zhǎng)的利益表達(dá)需要,協(xié)商民主成為了我國(guó)社會(huì)主義民主發(fā)展的客觀選擇。黨的十八大報(bào)告也指出社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主是我國(guó)人民民主的重要形式。社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主作為我國(guó)社會(huì)主義民主的重要組成部分,迎合了新時(shí)期社會(huì)發(fā)展的實(shí)際需求,是化解社會(huì)矛盾、解決社會(huì)分歧的有效途徑。經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的實(shí)踐證明,人民政協(xié)作為我國(guó)主要的民主實(shí)現(xiàn)形式在實(shí)際操作過(guò)程中已經(jīng)體現(xiàn)出了它明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì),但想要完善我國(guó)的民主制度建設(shè),還需要根據(jù)發(fā)展中的實(shí)際需求擴(kuò)展更廣闊領(lǐng)域的協(xié)商,拓寬協(xié)商渠道,充分發(fā)揮社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主在實(shí)踐中的作用,使社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的實(shí)施能夠推進(jìn)我國(guó)民主政治建設(shè)不斷向前。本文通過(guò)對(duì)社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主實(shí)施機(jī)制的概念界定、基本構(gòu)成要素理論分析,從社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主在我國(guó)發(fā)展的歷史進(jìn)程中,分析其實(shí)施的有利條件,探討了社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主實(shí)施的具體路徑。本文以馬克思主義的世界觀和方法論為指導(dǎo),堅(jiān)持理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際的原則,綜合運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)分析法、比較研究法、多學(xué)科綜合研究的方法,首先對(duì)這一選題在國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界相關(guān)研究現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行綜述,并介紹了文章選題的目的和意義,闡述了本文的研究方法和創(chuàng)新之處。本文的主要內(nèi)容分為以下五部分：第一部分,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主實(shí)施機(jī)制的概念解讀。首先,在協(xié)商民主的一般性理解基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的概念進(jìn)行界定。其次,通過(guò)對(duì)制度、體制、機(jī)制的系統(tǒng)闡述,分析了三者之間的辯證關(guān)系,為分析社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主實(shí)施機(jī)制做理論鋪墊。最后,對(duì)社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主實(shí)施機(jī)制的內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行概括,并分析了社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的五個(gè)基本構(gòu)成要素。第二部分,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的歷史進(jìn)程。以歷史發(fā)展為主線(xiàn),介紹了社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主在我國(guó)發(fā)展的時(shí)代背景和歷史進(jìn)程,分為形成時(shí)期、初期發(fā)展、快速發(fā)展三個(gè)階段,歷經(jīng)了半個(gè)多世紀(jì),回顧歷史,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主從最初的國(guó)家政治層面的協(xié)商逐漸向社會(huì)更多領(lǐng)域的擴(kuò)展,它的每個(gè)發(fā)展階段都為推進(jìn)社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的實(shí)施打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。第三部分,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的功能。分別從人民的民主地位、公民的政治參與、政府決策和構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)四個(gè)角度分析社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主對(duì)我國(guó)的民主政治建設(shè)的重要意義,充分認(rèn)識(shí)到了社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主在建設(shè)我國(guó)社會(huì)主義民主國(guó)家中的重要地位。第四部分,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主實(shí)施的基本保障。在社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下,我國(guó)的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)日趨多元化,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主在復(fù)雜的社會(huì)背景下實(shí)施,需要有基本的保障條件。本部分從組織保障、制度保障、思想保障和群眾保障四個(gè)方面詳細(xì)闡述了保證社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主實(shí)施的基本條件,肯定了社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主與中國(guó)具體國(guó)情相結(jié)合的價(jià)值。第五部分,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的實(shí)踐形式。本部分探索了社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主在我國(guó)民主政治建設(shè)中的具體實(shí)踐路徑。在實(shí)踐中,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的領(lǐng)域不斷擴(kuò)展,已經(jīng)廣泛融入到我國(guó)社會(huì)主義民主政治建設(shè)的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),并且協(xié)商形式多種多樣,在人民政協(xié)、人民代表大會(huì)、黨派之間、政府行政、基層民主自治和網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主都以不同的實(shí)現(xiàn)形式應(yīng)用在不同層面的政治生活中,并取得顯著成效。黨的十八大報(bào)告對(duì)社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的工作做出了重要指示,要求完善其工作機(jī)制,大力推進(jìn)其發(fā)展。在新的歷史發(fā)展階段,中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人加深了對(duì)協(xié)商民主的認(rèn)識(shí),并提出更高的發(fā)展要求,更注重社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主在不同領(lǐng)域中的實(shí)踐。實(shí)踐證明,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的實(shí)施,豐富了我國(guó)的民主實(shí)現(xiàn)形式,真正保障了人民當(dāng)家作主的權(quán)利。除了像人民政協(xié)這種國(guó)家政治層面的社會(huì)主義民主形式之外,全國(guó)很多地方根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貙?shí)際情況創(chuàng)造出了多種有效的協(xié)商民主形式,比如聽(tīng)證會(huì)、民主懇談會(huì)、居民會(huì)議等,還擴(kuò)展到了網(wǎng)絡(luò)領(lǐng)域。在未來(lái)的發(fā)展中,社會(huì)主義協(xié)商民主的實(shí)施與完善將是一項(xiàng)長(zhǎng)期的歷史任務(wù),對(duì)其實(shí)踐領(lǐng)域的拓展仍需不斷探索。
[Abstract]:The theory of deliberative democracy is a democratic theory that rose in the western political theorists in the 1990s, but it has already contained the thought of deliberative democracy in the early development of political democracy in our country, and has carried on the preliminary practice. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of the socialist market economy, economic interests and social structure in our country In 2006, the Central Committee of the CPC pointed out that electoral democracy and deliberative democracy are two important forms of socialist democracy in China. Traditional forms of democracy can no longer meet the growing needs of people's expression of interests, and deliberative democracy has become an objective choice for the development of socialist democracy in China. The report of the 18th National Congress of the CPC also points out that socialist deliberative democracy is an important form of people's democracy in China. An important part of it caters to the actual needs of social development in the new period and is an effective way to resolve social contradictions and social differences. It has been proved by long-term practice that the people's political cooperation, as the main form of democratic realization in China, has shown its obvious advantages in the actual operation process, but it wants to improve democracy in China. The system construction also needs to expand the consultation in a broader field according to the actual needs of development, broaden the channels of consultation, give full play to the role of socialist consultative democracy in practice, so that the implementation of socialist consultative democracy can push forward the construction of democratic politics in China. Definition of concept, theoretical analysis of basic elements, analysis of the favorable conditions for the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy in the historical process of China's development, and explore the specific path for the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy. Firstly, this paper summarizes the research status of this topic in the academic circles at home and abroad, introduces the purpose and significance of the topic selection, and expounds the research methods and innovations of this paper. The main contents of this paper are divided into the following five parts: Part I, Socialist Consultation First of all, on the basis of the general understanding of deliberative democracy, the concept of socialist deliberative democracy is defined. Secondly, through the systematic elaboration of the system, system and mechanism, the dialectical relationship among the three is analyzed to lay a theoretical foundation for the analysis of the implementation mechanism of socialist deliberative democracy. This paper summarizes the connotation of the implementation mechanism of socialist deliberative democracy, and analyzes the five basic elements of socialist deliberative democracy. The second part is the historical process of socialist deliberative democracy. The three stages of development and rapid development have gone through more than half a century. Looking back on history, socialist deliberative democracy has gradually expanded from the initial consultation at the national political level to more fields of society. Each stage of its development has laid a solid foundation for promoting the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy. The important significance of socialist deliberative democracy to China's democratic political construction is analyzed from the four aspects of people's democratic status, citizens'political participation, government decision-making and building a harmonious society. The important position of socialist deliberative democracy in building a socialist democratic country is fully recognized. Under the condition of socialist market economy, the social structure of our country is becoming more and more diversified, and the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy under the complicated social background needs basic guarantee conditions. The fifth part is the practice form of socialist deliberative democracy. This part explores the concrete practice path of socialist deliberative democracy in our country's democratic political construction. The realm of righteous deliberative democracy has been expanding constantly and has been widely integrated into all links of socialist democratic political construction in China. There are various forms of consultation. In the People's Political Consultative Conference, the People's Congress, between parties, government administration, grass-roots democratic autonomy and the network, socialist deliberative democracy is applied in different forms of realization. The report of the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China has given important instructions to the work of socialist deliberative democracy, demanding to improve its working mechanism and vigorously promote its development. The practice of socialist deliberative democracy in different fields has proved that the implementation of socialist deliberative democracy has enriched the form of democratic realization in China and guaranteed the people's right to be the masters of their own country. Many effective forms of deliberative democracy have been created, such as hearings, democratic talks, residents'meetings and so on, and have been extended to the network field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D621

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