本文選題：家庭養(yǎng)老模式　切入點(diǎn)：家庭消費(fèi)　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在中國人口老齡化程度不斷加深、居民家庭消費(fèi)持續(xù)疲軟的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況下,討論如何通過擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)增長依靠投資拉動(dòng)的粗放型增長模式,以及采取何種措施來避免人口問題的積累和爆發(fā)是具有重大現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的。國務(wù)院在今年發(fā)布的《"十三五"國家老齡事業(yè)發(fā)展和養(yǎng)老體系建設(shè)規(guī)劃》中提出:要"逐步建立支持家庭養(yǎng)老的政策體系,支持成年子女與老年父母共同生活",那么家庭養(yǎng)老這種由國家倡導(dǎo)的養(yǎng)老模式是否能夠得到經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的支持,在提高養(yǎng)老福利的同時(shí)也促進(jìn)家庭消費(fèi)?為回答這一問題,本文從宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)最小的構(gòu)成細(xì)胞——家庭出發(fā),在CHARLS微觀數(shù)據(jù)庫的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建了一個(gè)兩期的面板數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用固定效應(yīng)模型和雙重差分傾向得分匹配的方法,就居民的不同養(yǎng)老模式是否對家庭消費(fèi)產(chǎn)生顯著影響進(jìn)行了實(shí)證研究,并且根據(jù)文章的實(shí)證檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果,總結(jié)了四點(diǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)當(dāng)中老年人的養(yǎng)老模式由"不與子女共同居住"轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)?與子女共同居住"后,其所在家庭的總消費(fèi)水平會(huì)出現(xiàn)顯著提高。這種養(yǎng)老模式變動(dòng)引起的對家庭總消費(fèi)的拉動(dòng),在女性中老年人群體中更加明顯。(2)中老年人年齡的增長與其所在家庭的家庭消費(fèi)水平之間存在"倒U"的變動(dòng)關(guān)系,在69歲以前,家庭消費(fèi)水平會(huì)隨著中老年人年齡的增長而增加,69歲以后,家庭消費(fèi)水平會(huì)隨著年齡的增加而減少。且這—關(guān)系在家中有男性老人時(shí),尤其顯著。(3)參加養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、提高居民的受教育程度均能夠有效地促進(jìn)家庭消費(fèi)。(4)養(yǎng)老模式由"不同住"變?yōu)?同住"會(huì)顯著地引起家庭日常消費(fèi)支出和住房支出的提高,同時(shí)使家庭保健支出出現(xiàn)顯著的下降。另外,為了給國家擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需、建立多層次養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系等工作提供合理的參考,本文還針對以上發(fā)現(xiàn)提出了(1)創(chuàng)造利于父母與子女共同居住的政策、文化環(huán)境,完善居家養(yǎng)老配套設(shè)施,有意識(shí)地引導(dǎo)和鼓勵(lì)人們選擇父母與子女共同居住的養(yǎng)老模式;(2)適當(dāng)延遲退休年齡;(3)大力拓展老年消費(fèi)市場,鼓勵(lì)和推動(dòng)"銀發(fā)"產(chǎn)業(yè)的繁榮,釋放老年群體的消費(fèi)能力:(4)健全社會(huì)保障制度等相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:Under the reality that the aging of China's population is deepening and household consumption continues to be weak, this paper discusses how to change the extensive growth model, which depends on investment, through expanding domestic demand. And what measures should be taken to avoid the accumulation and outbreak of population problems are of great practical significance. The State Council, in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for the Development of the cause of ageing and the Construction of the Old-age system", issued this year, put forward the following: " To gradually establish a policy system to support family support for the aged, To support adult children and elderly parents to live together ", then the family pension model advocated by the state can be supported by economic and social support, while improving pension benefits, but also promote family consumption? In order to answer this question, based on the CHARLS microcosmic database, a two-stage panel data is constructed based on the minimum macro-economic component cell-family. The method of fixed effect model and double differential tendency score matching is used in this paper. This paper makes an empirical study on whether the different pension patterns of residents have a significant impact on household consumption, and according to the empirical results of the article, Four points are summarized: (1) when the old-age pattern of middle-aged and old people has changed from "not living with their children" to "living with their children", The total consumption level of the households in which they live will be significantly increased. The pull on the total household consumption caused by this change in the pattern of providing for the aged, (2) there is a "inverted U" relationship between the increase in the age of middle-aged and older persons and the level of household consumption in their families, before the age of 69. The level of household consumption will increase with the increase of the age of the middle-aged and the elderly. After 69 years of age, the level of household consumption will decrease with the increase of age. Raising the education level of the residents can effectively promote the family consumption. (4) the change of the pension model from "different living" to "living with each other" will result in the increase of household daily consumption expenditure and housing expenditure. At the same time, the expenditure on family health care has decreased significantly. In addition, in order to provide a reasonable reference for the country to expand domestic demand and establish a multi-level pension service system, Based on the above findings, this paper also puts forward the following suggestions: creating policies conducive to parents living together with their children, cultural environment, and perfecting the supporting facilities for the aged at home. Consciously guide and encourage people to choose the old-age pension model in which parents and children live together. (2) appropriately delaying the retirement age; (3) vigorously expanding the consumer market for the elderly; and encouraging and promoting the prosperity of the "silver hair" industry. Release the consumption capacity of the elderly group: 4) improve the social security system and other relevant suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6;F126.1
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本文編號(hào)：1644973