本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)村 留守老人 養(yǎng)老困境 對策　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國進(jìn)入了向現(xiàn)代化轉(zhuǎn)型的加速期,城市化和工業(yè)化的快速發(fā)展加劇了人口流動,上億農(nóng)村青壯年勞動力涌向城市,受制于城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)的長期影響,農(nóng)村老人被迫選擇留守在家,家庭“空巢化”、村莊“空心化”已經(jīng)成為一種常態(tài)的社會現(xiàn)象,在家庭養(yǎng)老資源缺失的同時,社會支持力度不足和政府角色的缺位加劇了留守老人的養(yǎng)老困境,經(jīng)濟(jì)壓力較大、生活照料缺乏、精神慰藉不足等問題普遍存在。留守老人這一弱勢群體作為一種客觀社會現(xiàn)象,日益受到社會廣泛關(guān)注。2013年,國務(wù)院出臺《意見》提出要切實加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村養(yǎng)老服務(wù);十八屆三中全會的《決定》再次提出“健全農(nóng)村留守兒童、婦女、老年人關(guān)愛服務(wù)體系”�！稗r(nóng)村穩(wěn),則天下安”,留守老人這一龐大的弱勢群體能否實現(xiàn)老有所養(yǎng)、老有所依、老有所安,關(guān)系到我國能否成功應(yīng)對人口老齡化挑戰(zhàn),能否構(gòu)建社會主義和諧社會和實現(xiàn)全面建成小康社會。在這一大背景下,本文通過研究豫東S鄉(xiāng)留守老人的養(yǎng)老現(xiàn)狀,以期在理論和實踐上解決我國農(nóng)村留守老人養(yǎng)老困境提供參考。本文共分為五部分。緒論,主要介紹選題的背景及意義,國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究方法及創(chuàng)新點。第一章,對留守老人養(yǎng)老涉及到的相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行梳理。第二章,介紹了調(diào)查地選擇原由、概況及樣本構(gòu)成;采用問卷調(diào)查與深度訪談的方法在S鄉(xiāng)展開調(diào)查,從留守老人群體的多元性、整體性以及不同角色視角的留守老人三個視角,調(diào)查了其經(jīng)濟(jì)供養(yǎng)、生活照料、精神慰藉三個方面存在的真實生存狀態(tài),并針對其存在的養(yǎng)老困境進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的闡述,例如:經(jīng)濟(jì)水平低下、勞動負(fù)擔(dān)過重、生活缺乏照料、精神缺乏慰藉。第三章,針對S鄉(xiāng)留守老人養(yǎng)老困境產(chǎn)生的原因進(jìn)行分析。主要表現(xiàn)在家庭養(yǎng)老功能弱化、土地養(yǎng)老功能衰退、社會支持力度較小以及政府職能缺位四個方面。第四章,針對S鄉(xiāng)留守老人養(yǎng)老面臨的困境,結(jié)合原因分析,提出解決留守老人養(yǎng)老困境的措施與途徑。即提出了構(gòu)建“個人、家庭、社會、政府”四位一體的養(yǎng)老支持網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
[Abstract]:China has entered an accelerated period of transition to modernization, the rapid development of urbanization and industrialization has intensified the population flow, hundreds of millions of rural young and middle-aged labor force flocking to the city, subject to the long-term impact of urban-rural dual structure. The rural old people are forced to stay at home, the family "empty nest", the village "empty" has become a normal social phenomenon, while the family pension resources are missing. The lack of social support and the lack of the role of the government exacerbated the plight of the elderly left behind, economic pressure, lack of care for life. As an objective social phenomenon, the elderly left behind, as an objective social phenomenon, has increasingly been widely concerned by the society. 2013. The State Council put forward the idea of strengthening the rural old-age service; The "decision" of the third Plenary session of the 18 CPC Central Committee once again proposed that "improve the care and service system for children, women and the elderly left behind in rural areas" and "stable in the countryside, the world will be safe." Whether the left-behind elderly, a huge vulnerable group, can achieve a sense of security, support and security for the elderly has a bearing on whether our country can successfully cope with the challenge of aging of the population. Whether to build a harmonious socialist society and to build a well-off society in an all-round way. Under this background, this paper studies the status quo of the elderly left behind in S Township of East Henan Province. This paper is divided into five parts. Introduction, mainly introduces the background and significance of the topic, domestic and foreign research status. Research methods and innovations. The first chapter, the related theories related to the old-age care for the left-behind elderly are combed. The second chapter introduces the reasons for the selection of the survey, general situation and sample composition; Using the method of questionnaire and in-depth interview in S Township, this paper investigates the economic support and life care of the left-behind elderly from the perspectives of diversity, integrity and different roles of the left-behind elderly. Spiritual comfort exists in three aspects of the real living state, and to its existence of pension difficulties further elaborated, such as: low economic level, excessive burden of labor, lack of care for life. The third chapter analyzes the causes of the plight of the elderly left behind in S Township. It is mainly reflected in the weakening of the family pension function and the decline of the land old-age function. Social support is small and the absence of government functions in four aspects. 4th chapter, in view of S rural elderly left behind pension difficulties, combined with the analysis of the reasons. This paper puts forward the measures and ways to solve the plight of the aged who stay behind, that is, to construct a four-in-one supporting network for the aged with "individual, family, society and government".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D669.6

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