發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-26 08:41

【摘要】：社會(huì)工作是一項(xiàng)以利他主義為核心,利用科學(xué)的理論和方法進(jìn)行的專業(yè)助人活動(dòng)。從社會(huì)工作的誕生和發(fā)展可見,社會(huì)工作逐漸成為解決社會(huì)問題,促進(jìn)社會(huì)公義的重要渠道。社會(huì)工作者作為社會(huì)工作實(shí)務(wù)的主體和踐行者,時(shí)常面臨著幾種道德準(zhǔn)則或義務(wù)要求需要作出選擇,而社會(huì)工作者只能選擇其中一種,這時(shí),便不可避免地陷入倫理困境。應(yīng)對(duì)倫理困境,既是從業(yè)者減輕道德壓力的實(shí)際需要,也是社會(huì)工作倫理作為典型職業(yè)的應(yīng)用倫理學(xué)的研究訴求。社會(huì)工作倫理困境主要類型表現(xiàn)在實(shí)務(wù)過程中的規(guī)范沖突、角色沖突、利益沖突三個(gè)方面。具體說來,可以分為由價(jià)值中立與價(jià)值介入之間、保密和隱私權(quán)之間、案主自決、中西文化差異等引起的規(guī)范沖突;因介入方法、“雙重關(guān)系”造成的角色沖突;由于“忠誠(chéng)于誰(shuí)”、有限資源分配引起的利益沖突。造成社會(huì)工作倫理困境的成因很多,其中,價(jià)值觀多元引起的沖突是其根本原因,強(qiáng)倫理關(guān)涉的專業(yè)特性為困境的發(fā)生也增加了風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而服務(wù)過程的復(fù)雜性成為其現(xiàn)實(shí)誘因。根據(jù)分析,應(yīng)對(duì)倫理困境的策略包含三個(gè)社會(huì)行動(dòng)主體,分別是充分發(fā)揮社會(huì)工作主體的關(guān)鍵性作用,發(fā)揮社會(huì)工作管理與服務(wù)部門的保障與規(guī)范作用以及發(fā)揮社會(huì)工作倫理教育和研究的基礎(chǔ)性作用。
[Abstract]:Social work is a professional activity with altruism as the core and using scientific theories and methods. From the birth and development of social work, social work has gradually become an important channel to solve social problems and promote social justice. Social workers, as the subjects and practitioners of social work practice, are often faced with several moral norms or obligations to make a choice, and social workers can only choose one of them, then it is inevitable to fall into an ethical dilemma. To deal with ethical dilemma is not only the practical need for practitioners to relieve moral pressure, but also the research demand of applied ethics of social work ethics as a typical profession. The main types of ethical dilemmas of social work are the conflict of norms, roles and interests in the process of practice. Specifically, it can be divided into normative conflicts caused by value neutrality and value intervention, confidentiality and privacy, self-determination of the perpetrators, cultural differences between China and the West, and role conflicts caused by the method of intervention and the "dual relationship". Conflicts of interest arising from the allocation of limited resources due to "loyalty to whom". There are many causes for the ethical dilemma of social work, among which, the conflict caused by multiple values is the fundamental cause, and the professional characteristics of strong ethics also increase the risk of the predicament, and the complexity of the service process becomes its realistic inducement. According to the analysis, the strategy of dealing with the ethical dilemma includes three social action subjects, one of which is to give full play to the key role of the social work subjects. We should give full play to the role of social work management and service department as well as the basic role of social work ethics education and research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B82-052

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