本文關(guān)鍵詞：國(guó)外農(nóng)村貧困地理研究進(jìn)展，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

[1] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Park <given-names>A, <name>Wang <given-names>S, <name>Wu <given-names>G.Regional poverty targeting in China. Journal of Public Economics, <year>2002, <volume>86(1): <fpage>123-<lpage>153.

We evaluate the effectiveness of regional targeting in China's large-scale poverty alleviation program begun in 1986 by analyzing a panel data set of all counties in China for the period 1981-1995. Estimates of models of poor county designation and poverty fund allocation and newly defined targeting gap and targeting error measures show that political factors have affected targeting and that leakage has increased while coverage has improved. Only one of the three main programs is progressive. Growth model estimates find that poor county designation increased incomes per capita by 2.28% per year during 1985-1992 and 0.91% during 1992-1995. These results are relatively robust to redefining control groups using propensity-score matching methods.

DOI: 10.1016/S0047-2727(01)00108-6     

[2] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">高帥, <name lang="CN">畢潔穎. 農(nóng)村口動(dòng)態(tài)多維貧困: 狀態(tài)持續(xù)與轉(zhuǎn)變. 中國(guó)人口·資源與環(huán)境, <year>2016, <volume>26(2): <fpage>76-<lpage>83.

能力貧困、動(dòng)態(tài)貧困、多維貧困更符合貧困的本質(zhì)和走向,本文利用2010年和2012年中國(guó)家庭追蹤調(diào)查（CFPS）農(nóng)村平衡面板數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用Biprobit模型基于個(gè)人層面可行能力和主觀福利感受分析農(nóng)村人口多維貧困狀態(tài)持續(xù)與轉(zhuǎn)變。結(jié)果表明：農(nóng)村人口年齡、從事農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)時(shí)間、區(qū)域差異、受教育程度、絕對(duì)收入、社會(huì)地位及相對(duì)收入等均對(duì)農(nóng)村人口持續(xù)多維貧困產(chǎn)生顯著影響。受教育程度、從事農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)時(shí)間、區(qū)域差異、年齡、相對(duì)收入、戶籍和絕對(duì)收入均對(duì)農(nóng)村人口陷入多維貧困產(chǎn)生顯著影響。農(nóng)村人口從事農(nóng)業(yè)活動(dòng)的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng),持續(xù)多維貧困的可能性越高,陷入多維貧困的可能性越低。東部、中部、西部發(fā)生持續(xù)性多維貧困的可能較高,而東部、西部陷入多維貧困的可能性較低。絕對(duì)收入、相對(duì)收入和社會(huì)地位越高,農(nóng)村人口發(fā)生持續(xù)性多維貧困的可能性越低。女性、受教育程度較低的農(nóng)村人口持續(xù)性多維貧困的可能性更高。相對(duì)收入較低的農(nóng)村人口易于陷入多維貧困,然而相對(duì)收入對(duì)農(nóng)村人口持續(xù)性多維貧困的作用不明顯。社會(huì)地位對(duì)農(nóng)村人口持續(xù)性多維貧困產(chǎn)生消極作用,卻對(duì)陷入多維貧困的影響不顯著。主要研究結(jié)論：打破＂持續(xù)多維貧困＂惡性循環(huán)應(yīng)從＂小處＂著手,以＂輸血＂為主,＂走進(jìn)去＂識(shí)貧,＂走出來(lái)＂脫貧;防范農(nóng)村人口陷入多維貧困應(yīng)從＂大局＂著眼,把發(fā)展和消除不平等作為解決多維貧困的根本途徑,引導(dǎo)＂脫貧＂和防范＂返貧＂,提能力避返貧,新思路促扶貧。精準(zhǔn)扶貧機(jī)制要建立在契合貧困本質(zhì)的貧困標(biāo)準(zhǔn)上,找準(zhǔn)＂貧根＂,尋共性扶貧,診特性脫貧。

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2016.02.010     

<mixed-citation>[<name>Cao Shuai, <name>Bi Jieying. Dynamic multidimensional poverty in rural China: Persistence and transition. China Population, Resources and Environment. <year>2016, <volume>26(2): <fpage>76-<lpage>83.] [3] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">劉彥隨, <name lang="CN">周揚(yáng), <name lang="CN">劉繼來(lái). 中國(guó)農(nóng)村貧困化地域分異特征及其精準(zhǔn)扶貧策略. 中國(guó)科學(xué)院院刊, <year>2016, <volume>31(3): <fpage>269-<lpage>278.

長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),中國(guó)堅(jiān)持政府主導(dǎo)推動(dòng)減貧事業(yè),在實(shí)踐中不斷推進(jìn)扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)的理論創(chuàng)新、組織創(chuàng)新和制度創(chuàng)新,走出了一條中國(guó)特色的扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)道路,為全球減貧事業(yè)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。然而,目前中國(guó)仍有7 017萬(wàn)農(nóng)村貧困人口,成為全面建成小康社會(huì)的最大短板。文章深入剖析了新時(shí)期中國(guó)農(nóng)村貧困化基本特征,揭示了農(nóng)村貧困化地域分異規(guī)律,探明了農(nóng)村貧困化的主導(dǎo)因素,提出了科學(xué)推進(jìn)精準(zhǔn)扶貧的戰(zhàn)略與對(duì)策。研究結(jié)果表明:貧困人口規(guī)模大、分布廣、貧困程度深、脫貧難度逐漸加大,是當(dāng)前中國(guó)農(nóng)村貧困狀況的基本特征,因病、因殘、因?qū)W、因?yàn)?zāi)致貧或返貧現(xiàn)象突出;農(nóng)村貧困人口逐漸向我國(guó)中西部深石山區(qū)、高寒區(qū)、民族地區(qū)和邊境地區(qū)集聚,具有貧困戶、貧困村、貧困縣、貧困區(qū)(片)等多級(jí)并存的組織結(jié)構(gòu)和空間分布格局;"胡煥庸線"西北部、東南部貧困人口的比重分別占16.4%、83.6%;自然環(huán)境惡劣、區(qū)位條件差、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施落后、區(qū)域發(fā)展不均衡及前期扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)政策精準(zhǔn)性不夠等,是中國(guó)農(nóng)村持續(xù)貧困的主要癥結(jié)。如期實(shí)現(xiàn)2020年全面消除貧困,亟需扶貧工作體制機(jī)制的創(chuàng)新,科學(xué)推進(jìn)精準(zhǔn)扶貧戰(zhàn)略。

<mixed-citation>[<name>Liu <given-names>Yansui, <name>Zhou <given-names>Yang, <name>Liu <given-names>Jilai.Regional differentiation characteristics of rural poverty and targeted poverty alleviation strategy in China. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences, <year>2016, <volume>31(3): <fpage>269-<lpage>278.] [4] <mixed-citation publication-type="book" publication-format="print">國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局住戶調(diào)查辦公室. 中國(guó)農(nóng)村2011貧困監(jiān)測(cè)報(bào)告. 北京: 中國(guó)統(tǒng)計(jì)出版社, <year>2012.

中國(guó)科學(xué)院機(jī)構(gòu)知識(shí)庫(kù)(中國(guó)科學(xué)院機(jī)構(gòu)知識(shí)庫(kù)網(wǎng)格（CAS IR GRID）)以發(fā)展機(jī)構(gòu)知識(shí)能力和知識(shí)管理能力為目標(biāo)，快速實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)本機(jī)構(gòu)知識(shí)資產(chǎn)的收集、長(zhǎng)期保存、合理傳播利用，積極建設(shè)對(duì)知識(shí)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行捕獲、轉(zhuǎn)化、傳播、利用和審計(jì)的能力，逐步建設(shè)包括知識(shí)內(nèi)容分析、關(guān)系分析和能力審計(jì)在內(nèi)的知識(shí)服務(wù)能力，開(kāi)展綜合知識(shí)管理。

<mixed-citation>[Household Survey Department of National Bureau of Statistics. Poverty Monitoring Report of Rural China 2011. Beijing: China Statistics Press, <year>2012.] [5] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Tsui <given-names>K.Multidimensional poverty indices. Social Choice and Welfare, <year>2002, <volume>19(1): <fpage>69-<lpage>93.

王小林, <name>Alkire <given-names>S.中國(guó)多維貧困測(cè)量: 估計(jì)和政策含義. 中國(guó)農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì), <year>2009, (12): <fpage>4-<lpage>10.

本文采用Alkireand Foster于2007年開(kāi)發(fā)的多維貧困測(cè)量方法，利用2006年中國(guó)健康與營(yíng)養(yǎng)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)，對(duì)中國(guó)城市和農(nóng)村家庭多維貧困進(jìn)行了測(cè)量。測(cè)量結(jié)果表明，中國(guó)城市和農(nóng)村家庭都存在收入之外的多維貧困，，城市和農(nóng)村近1/5的家庭存在收入之外任意3個(gè)維度的貧困。中國(guó)城市和農(nóng)村的貧困狀況遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局以收入為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)測(cè)量的貧困發(fā)生率。維度分解結(jié)果表明，衛(wèi)生設(shè)施、健康保險(xiǎn)和教育對(duì)多維貧困指數(shù)的貢獻(xiàn)最大。對(duì)樣本地區(qū)的分解結(jié)果表明，貴州省多維貧困指數(shù)最高。城鄉(xiāng)分解結(jié)果表明，黑龍江和廣西的城市多維貧困比較突出。因此，中國(guó)下一個(gè)十年（2011-2020年）扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)綱要應(yīng)從多維度識(shí)別和瞄準(zhǔn)貧困。

<mixed-citation>[<name>Wang <given-names>Xiaolin, <name>Alkire <given-names>S.Measurement of multidimensional poverty in China: Estimation and policy implication. Chinese Rural Economy, <year>2009, (12): <fpage>4-<lpage>10.] [7] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">UNDP. Human Development Report 2013. New York: United Nations Development Program, <year>2013.=2294673

This report examines the shift in global dynamics driven by the fast-rising new powers of the developing world and its long-term implications for human development. It identifies more than 40 countries in the developing world that have done better than had been expected in human development terms in recent decades with their progress accelerating markedly over the past ten years. The Report analyzes the causes and consequences of these countries achievements and the challenges that they face today and in the coming decades.

DOI: 10.3917/afco.246.0164     

[8] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Alkire <given-names>S, <name>Foster <given-names>J.Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement. Journal of Public Economics, <year>2011, <volume>95(7-8): <fpage>476-<lpage>487.

This paper proposes a new methodology for multidimensional poverty measurement consisting of an identification method rho(k) that extends the traditional intersection and union approaches, and a class of poverty measures M-alpha. Our identification step employs two forms of cutoff: one within each dimension to determine whether a person is deprived in that dimension, and a second across dimensions that identifies the poor by 'counting' the dimensions in which a person is deprived. The aggregation step employs the FGT measures, appropriately adjusted to account for multidimensionality. The axioms are presented as joint restrictions on identification and the measures, and the methodology satisfies a range of desirable properties including decomposability. The identification method is particularly well suited for use with ordinal data, as is the first of our measures, the adjusted headcount ratio M-0. We present some dominance results and an interpretation of the adjusted headcount ratio as a measure of unfreedom. Examples from the US and Indonesia illustrate our methodology. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2010.11.006     

[9] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">劉艷華, <name lang="CN">徐勇. 中國(guó)農(nóng)村多維貧困地理識(shí)別及類型劃分. 地理學(xué)報(bào), <year>2015, <volume>70(6): <fpage>993-<lpage>1007.

Liu <given-names>Yanhua, <name>Xu <given-names>Yong.Geographical identification and classification of multi-dimensional poverty in rural China. Acta Geographica Sinica, <year>2015, <volume>70(6): <fpage>993-<lpage>1007.] [10] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">趙瑩, <name lang="CN">劉小鵬, <name lang="CN">郭永杰. 集中連片特困地區(qū)多維貧困的度量及動(dòng)態(tài)演變: 以寧夏西吉縣為例. 寧夏大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào): 自然科學(xué)版, <year>2015, <volume>36(1): <fpage>73-<lpage>78.

隨著扶貧理論和扶貧工作的深入,貧困的度量已由傳統(tǒng)的經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)向包括經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、環(huán)境在內(nèi)的多維度擴(kuò)展,依據(jù)新時(shí)期中國(guó)農(nóng)村扶貧開(kāi)發(fā)綱要?jiǎng)澏ǖ姆鲐氈鲬?zhàn)場(chǎng) ——集中連片特困地區(qū),以寧夏西吉縣為例,基于2001-2012年數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)合信息熵分析西吉縣多維貧困的時(shí)間演變趨勢(shì),并結(jié)合障礙度模型對(duì)貧困的主要影 響因素進(jìn)行闡述.結(jié)果表明,2001-2012年,西吉縣的貧困程度整體呈波動(dòng)下降趨勢(shì);經(jīng)濟(jì)因素始終是貧困的主要影響因素,其影響程度不斷減弱;后期, 環(huán)境和社會(huì)維度對(duì)貧困的影響逐漸增強(qiáng).一方面,在改變生產(chǎn)方式、發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的同時(shí),繼續(xù)推進(jìn)生態(tài)移民、退耕還林(草)、植樹(shù)造林工程和農(nóng)戶后續(xù)生計(jì)的培訓(xùn), 促進(jìn)生態(tài)恢復(fù).另一方面,以教育、醫(yī)療和飲水等為重點(diǎn),促進(jìn)基礎(chǔ)公共服務(wù)水平的提高,推動(dòng)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)和環(huán)境的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,根本上改變西吉縣貧困落后的面 貌.

<mixed-citation>[<name>Zhao <given-names>Ying, <name>Liu <given-names>Xiaopeng, <name>Guo <given-names>Yongjie.Measurement on the multidimensional poverty in concentrate contiguous destitute areas and its dynamic evolution trend: Taking Xiji county of Ningxia for example. Journal of Ningxia University: Natural Science Edition, <year>2015, <volume>36(1): <fpage>73-<lpage>78.] [11] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Deaton <given-names>B, <name>Niman <given-names>E.An empirical examination of the relationship between mining employment and poverty in the appalachian region. Applied Economics, <year>2011, <volume>44(3): <fpage>303-<lpage>312. [12] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">羅慶, <name lang="CN">李小建. 國(guó)外農(nóng)村貧困地理研究進(jìn)展. 經(jīng)濟(jì)地理, <year>2014, <volume>34(6): <fpage>1-<lpage>8.

農(nóng)村貧困地理作為農(nóng)村貧困研究的一個(gè)重要分支,其研究成果對(duì)豐富農(nóng)村貧困理論和制定農(nóng)村扶貧政策都具有十分重要的意義.隨著普查數(shù)據(jù)的完善、地理信息技術(shù)和遙感技術(shù)的應(yīng)用以及統(tǒng)計(jì)分析方法的發(fā)展,農(nóng)村貧困地理研究呈現(xiàn)出一些新趨勢(shì)和新特征.通過(guò)梳理近20年來(lái)國(guó)外農(nóng)村貧困研究文獻(xiàn),從地理學(xué)視角對(duì)空間貧困陷阱的概念及存在性檢驗(yàn)、地理因素對(duì)農(nóng)村貧困形成的作用機(jī)理、區(qū)域貧困的測(cè)算及貧困地圖的繪制、區(qū)域瞄準(zhǔn)及效果評(píng)估等方面進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)的回顧和評(píng)述,總結(jié)出國(guó)外農(nóng)村貧困地理研究的特點(diǎn)與發(fā)展方向,提出未來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)相關(guān)研究的若干主題.

<mixed-citation>[<name>Luo <given-names>Qing, <name>Li <given-names>Xiaojian.The research progress of foreign rural poverty geography. Economic Geography, <year>2014, <volume>34(6): <fpage>1-<lpage>8.] [13] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Curtis K <given-names>J, <name>Voss P <given-names>R, <name>Long D <given-names>D.Spatial variation in poverty-generating processes: Child poverty in the United States. Social Science Research, <year>2012, <volume>41(1): <fpage>146-<lpage>159.

This study builds on research demonstrating that sub-regions within the United States have different processes that abet poverty and that child poverty is spatially differentiated. We focus on the social attributes of the local area to assess what the geographic place represents in terms of social characteristics, namely racial/ethnic composition and economic structure, and to resolve apparent inconsistencies in poverty research. Using spatial regime and spatial error regression techniques to analyze county census data, we examine spatial differentiation in the relationships that generate child poverty. Our approach addresses the conceptual and technical aspects of spatial inequality. Results show that local-area processes are at play with implications for more nuanced theoretical models and anti-poverty policies that consider systematic differences in factors contributing to child poverty according to the racial/ethnic and economic contexts.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2011.07.007      PMID: 23017703     

[14] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Sowunmi F <given-names>A, <name>Akinyosoye V <given-names>O, <name>Okoruwa V <given-names>O, <etal>et al.The landscape of poverty in Nigeria: A spatial analysis using senatorial districts-level data. American Journal of Economics, <year>2012, <volume>2(5): <fpage>61-<lpage>74.

The study decomposes the Landscape of Poverty in Nigeria based on the significance of spatial contiguity using Senatorial Districts - level Data. The data used for the study were obtained from National Living Standard Survey and Core Welfare Indicators Questionnaire Survey conducted by National Bureau of Statistics in 2004 and 2006 respectively. Exploratory spatial data analysis and spatial autocorrelation test were carried out on poverty incidence data. Average national poverty rate of the Senatorial Districts (SD) was 56.0%. Forty nine percent of the SD had poverty rate (PR) below the national average. The global Moran鈥檚 I value obtained is strongly positive (0.6657), indicating that spillover of poverty exist among SD. The study revealed that 52% of the SD with significant spatial association had low PR neighboured by low PR SD (Low-Low), 41% of the SD with high PR were neighboured by high PR SD (High-High) and 7% of SDs with low PR were surrounded by high PR SD (Low-High). The mean PR in high-high and low-low SDs was 82.6% and 31.8% respectively. The study recommends that for a significant poverty reduction to be achieved in Nigeria, greater attention in terms of poverty alleviation strategies should be concentrated on the senatorial districts that constitute the hotspots of poverty.

DOI: 10.5923/j.economics.20120205.01     

[15] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Bird <given-names>K, <name>Shepherd <given-names>A.Livelihoods and chronic poverty in semi-arid Zimbabwe. World Development, <year>2003, <volume>31(3): <fpage>591-<lpage>610.

DOI: 10.1016/S0305-750X(02)00220-6     

[16] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Epprecht <given-names>M, <name>Muller <given-names>D, <name>Minot <given-names>N.How Remote are Viernam's ethnic minorities? An analysis of spatial patterns of poverty and inequality. The Annals of Regional Science, <year>2011, <volume>46(2): <fpage>349-<lpage>368.

This paper investigates whether physical accessibility or ethnicity is a stronger determinant of poverty in Vietnam. Spatially disaggregated welfare indexes for population subgroups show that overall inequality is shaped by an urban-rural welfare divide, closely followed in importance by sharp welfare differences between ethnic groups. Accessibility to urban areas is a weaker determinant of poverty. The findings have important implications for the targeting of rural development investments. Addressing the factors isolating ethnic minorities from the mainstream economy is likely to be a more useful strategy in reducing rural poverty and inequality than simple geographic targeting.

DOI: 10.1007/s00168-009-0330-7     

[17] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">李遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn), <name lang="CN">云俊. 多屬性綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系理論綜述. 武漢理工大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào): 信息與管理工程版, <year>2009, <volume>31(2): <fpage>305-<lpage>309.

介紹了綜合評(píng)價(jià)的邏輯過(guò)程及指標(biāo)體系的建立在綜合評(píng)價(jià)中的重要地位,討論了指標(biāo)體系初建、篩選和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化的研究現(xiàn)狀、運(yùn)用的基本方法及方法的優(yōu)劣,分析了多屬性綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系理論的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。

DOI: 10.3963/j.issn.1007-144X.2009.02.035     

<mixed-citation>[<name>Li <given-names>Yuanyuan, <name>Yun <given-names>Jun.Synthetic research on the theory of multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation index system. Journal of Wuhan University of Technology: Information & Management Engineering, <year>2009, <volume>31(2): <fpage>305-<lpage>309.] [18] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">劉小鵬, <name lang="CN">蘇勝亮, <name lang="CN">王亞娟, <etal lang="CN">等. 集中連片特殊困難地區(qū)村域空間貧困測(cè)度指標(biāo)體系研究. 地理科學(xué), <year>2014, <volume>34(4): <fpage>447-<lpage>453.

Liu <given-names>Xiaopeng, <name>Su <given-names>Shengliang, <name>Wang <given-names>Yajuan, <etal>et al.The index system of spatial poverty of village level to monitor in concentrated contiguous areas with particular difficulties. Scientia Geographica Sinica, <year>2014, <volume>34(4): <fpage>447-<lpage>453.] [19] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">裴銀寶, <name lang="CN">劉小鵬, <name lang="CN">李永紅, <etal lang="CN">等. 六盤(pán)山特困片區(qū)村域空間貧困調(diào)查與分析: 以寧夏西吉縣為例. 農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化研究, <year>2015, <volume>36(5): <fpage>748-<lpage>754.

基于貧困農(nóng)戶的調(diào)研數(shù)據(jù),采用貧困發(fā)生率、貧困缺口率、SPG指數(shù)、貧困承受等指數(shù)對(duì)樣本村的貧困廣度、深度及強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):1)各地形區(qū)和各民族村的恩格爾系數(shù)、貧困發(fā)生率和貧困缺口指數(shù)三者之間的動(dòng)態(tài)趨同度較高。2)各地形區(qū)和各民族村的貧困承受指數(shù)和SPG指數(shù)整體呈現(xiàn)逐年下降趨勢(shì),貧困狀況向好趨勢(shì)明顯。3)各貧困村的脫貧時(shí)間在逐年縮短,扶貧工作取得切實(shí)成效,而黃土丘陵溝壑區(qū)貧困村的貧困廣度、深度和強(qiáng)度是三地貌之最,扶貧負(fù)擔(dān)仍然很重。村域扶貧對(duì)象的精準(zhǔn)識(shí)別必須確保前期問(wèn)卷設(shè)計(jì)的多維性,注重扶貧政策制定的均衡性、特殊性和資源分配的區(qū)域性,并要加強(qiáng)后期的技術(shù)動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)與創(chuàng)新管理。

DOI: 10.13872/j.1000-0275.2015.0130     

<mixed-citation>[<name>Pei <given-names>Yinbao, <name>Liu <given-names>Xiaopeng, <name>Li <given-names>Yonghong, <etal>et al.Investigation and analysis of villages in extreme spatial poverty in Liupan Mountain contiguous areas: A case study of Xiji, Ningxia province. Research of Agriculture Moderniztion, <year>2015, <volume>36(5): <fpage>748-<lpage>754.] [20] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">田偉. 連片特困區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村多維貧困及綜合治理研究: 以湘西州永順縣高坪鄉(xiāng)為例. 湖南: 吉首大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文, <year>2014.

研究連片特困區(qū)的多維貧困，從多維角度把握貧困的實(shí)質(zhì)，澄清多維貧困概念上和度量上的一系列問(wèn)題，更加細(xì)化、深化研究連片特困區(qū)的貧困問(wèn)題，確定連片特困區(qū)貧困的相關(guān)維度、多維視角下的貧困主體以及多維貧困測(cè)度，可以指導(dǎo)連片特困區(qū)制定減貧政策。而連片特困區(qū)的減貧需涵蓋社會(huì)事業(yè)的方方面面，從經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、福利待遇、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施到生態(tài)建設(shè)、節(jié)能環(huán)保等具體措施的實(shí)施，都不是單一的獨(dú)立運(yùn)行，而是相互聯(lián)系、相輔相成，需借助多維貧困測(cè)度和空間分布特征研究細(xì)化、深化連片特困區(qū)的減貧政策。 本文以高坪鄉(xiāng)多維貧困和綜合治理為中心，分為兩大模塊：國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)多維貧困的相關(guān)研究和高坪鄉(xiāng)多維貧困的具體測(cè)度政策治理研究，共計(jì)五章。第一章：緒論。簡(jiǎn)要闡述本論文的研究背景、選題意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究思路與方法,并提出本文創(chuàng)新之處與不足之處。第二章：多維貧困與綜合治理的研究及理論基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)貧困理論的起源、多維貧困和多維貧困測(cè)度概念的界定、多維貧困測(cè)度的理論體系，以及國(guó)內(nèi)外貧困的綜合治理理論相關(guān)研究簡(jiǎn)要概述，并簡(jiǎn)要闡述國(guó)家減貧政策和項(xiàng)目實(shí)施的效應(yīng)評(píng)估。第三章：高坪鄉(xiāng)多維貧困實(shí)證研究。在對(duì)現(xiàn)有的多維貧困評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系和評(píng)價(jià)方法做簡(jiǎn)要回顧，得到經(jīng)驗(yàn)和啟示的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)構(gòu)建指標(biāo)原則，確定科學(xué)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法，對(duì)處于武陵山連片特困區(qū)的高坪鄉(xiāng)的貧困進(jìn)行多角度的分析。第四章：高坪鄉(xiāng)現(xiàn)有減貧政策及項(xiàng)目實(shí)施效應(yīng)評(píng)估。簡(jiǎn)要闡述高坪鄉(xiāng)現(xiàn)有減貧政策，并對(duì)減貧項(xiàng)目實(shí)施后的減貧效果作效應(yīng)評(píng)估。第五章：高坪鄉(xiāng)多維貧困綜合治理思路與建議�？傮w概括連片特困區(qū)多維貧困綜合治理方式，并根據(jù)實(shí)證分析的結(jié)果，針對(duì)高坪鄉(xiāng)現(xiàn)有減貧政策存在的問(wèn)題，提出完善高坪鄉(xiāng)減貧政策的思路和具有可行性的對(duì)策建議，供相關(guān)部門(mén)參考。 本文在借鑒已有的研究成果基礎(chǔ)上，注重理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際，注重定性分析和定量分析相結(jié)合、規(guī)范分析與實(shí)證分析相結(jié)合。在對(duì)連片特困區(qū)以及高坪鄉(xiāng)的定性描述后，借助政治學(xué)、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)，經(jīng)濟(jì)地理等多學(xué)科工具，對(duì)連片特困區(qū)和高坪鄉(xiāng)多維貧困和綜合治理作全面、科學(xué)、系統(tǒng)的評(píng)價(jià)分析、項(xiàng)目實(shí)施效應(yīng)評(píng)估。

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-291X.2014.12.014     

<mixed-citation>[<name>Tian <given-names>Wei.Study on comprehensive treatment and contiguous rural poor area of multidimensional poverty. Hunan: Master Dissertation of Jishou University, <year>2014.] [21] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">呂香亭. 綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)篩選方法綜述. 合作經(jīng)濟(jì)與科技, <year>2009, (3): <fpage>54.

本文綜述了國(guó)內(nèi)綜合評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)基于指標(biāo)區(qū)分度、相關(guān)性、代表性、層次分析法,回歸方程法、專家法的各種指標(biāo)篩選方法現(xiàn)狀.

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-190X.2009.06.030     

<mixed-citation>[<name>Lv <given-names>Xiangting.Survey of the screening methods of comprehensive evaluation index. Co-operative Economy & Science, <year>2009, (3): <fpage>54.] [22] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name lang="CN">姜昱汐, <name lang="CN">遲國(guó)泰, <name lang="CN">嚴(yán)麗俊. 基于最大熵原理的線性組合賦權(quán)方法. 運(yùn)籌與管理, <year>2011, <volume>20(1): <fpage>53-<lpage>59.

在被評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象的指標(biāo)值與理想值之間的廣義距離和充分小的情況下, 追求不同賦權(quán)方法權(quán)重組合系數(shù)的信息分配最合理.隨著廣義距離和不斷變小,得到一組不同方法賦權(quán)后的組合權(quán)重,進(jìn)而得到了評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果.本文的特色與創(chuàng)新一是 本文得到的權(quán)重兼顧了信息分配最合理與指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)距離理想值的廣義距離和最小兩個(gè)目標(biāo).二是提出一個(gè)單目標(biāo)模型求解多目標(biāo)問(wèn)題Pareto解集的方法,并根 據(jù)解集對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)象進(jìn)行排序, 增加了排序的可靠性,也為多目標(biāo)模型求解提供了一種新思路.三是改變了組合賦權(quán)系數(shù)為近似平均的結(jié)果.四是解決了多目標(biāo)線性加權(quán)求解時(shí)多個(gè)目標(biāo)組合系數(shù)不 確定問(wèn)題.

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-3221.2011.01.010     

<mixed-citation>[<name>Jiang <given-names>Yuxi, <name>Chi <given-names>Guotai, <name>Yan <given-names>Lijun.The linear combination weights method based on maximum entropy principle. Operations Research and Management Science, <year>2011, <volume>20(1): <fpage>53-<lpage>59.] [23] <mixed-citation publication-type="book" publication-format="print"><name>Robert <given-names>H.Spatial Data Analysis: Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, <year>2003.

Spatial data analysis : theory and practice Robert Haining Cambridge University Press, 2003 : pbk

DOI: 10.1017/CBO9780511754944     

[24] <mixed-citation publication-type="journal"><name>Goodchild <given-names>F, <name>Anselin <given-names>L, <name>Appelbaum <given-names>P, <etal>et al.Toward spatially integrated social science. International Regional Socience Review, <year>2000, <volume>23(2): <fpage>139-<lpage>159.:sae:inrsre:v:23:y:2000:i:2:p:139-159

This article outlines the motivation for a spatial approach as a novel focus for cross-disciplinary interaction and research in the social and behavioral sciences. The authors review the emerging interest in space and place in the recent social science literature and develop a vision for a spatially integrated social science. This vision provides the conceptual basis for a program of six activities designed to promote a spatial perspective: learning resources, workshops, best-practice examples, place-based search, software tools, and a virtual community. The six programs will be informed by advances in the methods, technologies, and principles underlying spatial information science.

DOI: 10.1177/016001760002300201     

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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：國(guó)外農(nóng)村貧困地理研究進(jìn)展，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

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