本文選題：量子通信 + 量子認(rèn)證��； 參考：《重慶郵電大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：量子計(jì)算機(jī)的成功研發(fā)以及量子信息論研究的不斷深入,極大地推動(dòng)了量子通信技術(shù)的發(fā)展。同時(shí),量子計(jì)算機(jī)強(qiáng)大的并行計(jì)算能力,嚴(yán)重威脅到了基于計(jì)算復(fù)雜性的經(jīng)典密碼體制的安全性,而量子通信技術(shù)能夠有效地解決這個(gè)問題。量子通信利用量子力學(xué)的基本原理,以量子態(tài)作為信息載體實(shí)現(xiàn)信息的編碼、解碼和安全傳輸。量子安全直接通信是量子通信發(fā)展過程中的一個(gè)重要分支。不同于量子密鑰分發(fā)協(xié)議,量子安全直接通信可以在不需要共享密鑰的前提下保證合法的通信雙方之間直接傳輸機(jī)密信息。但在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中,用戶雙方的合法性無法得以保證。因此,量子安全直接通信方案一直潛在中間人攻擊的可能。本文的主要內(nèi)容是研究具有認(rèn)證的量子安全通信理論,提出了兩個(gè)具有認(rèn)證功能的高容量量子安全通信方案:分別基于EPR對和單光子。本文方案不僅可以有效抵制中間人攻擊,還提高了通信效率。方案一:基于EPR對具有認(rèn)證的高容量量子安全通信方案。該方案通過合法的通信雙方提前共享的密鑰進(jìn)行身份認(rèn)證,結(jié)合經(jīng)典異或操作和輔助粒子,實(shí)現(xiàn)效率上的提升,并利用EPR糾纏態(tài)的特性實(shí)現(xiàn)具有認(rèn)證的高容量量子安全通信方案。因量子糾纏態(tài)制備上的困難性,該方案的實(shí)現(xiàn)有一定困難;而單光子在現(xiàn)今的設(shè)備條件下更具有實(shí)用價(jià)值,所以本文研究并提出了基于單光子的方案二。方案二:基于單光子具有認(rèn)證的高容量量子安全通信方案。該方案利用ID碼作為身份認(rèn)證碼,對機(jī)密的經(jīng)典信息實(shí)施異或操作,通過輔助粒子區(qū)分異或結(jié)果,這樣,每個(gè)單光子可以加載兩個(gè)經(jīng)典比特,實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于單光子具有認(rèn)證的高容量量子安全通信方案。本文對兩個(gè)方案的安全性進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的分析,并與已有的方案進(jìn)行了效率對比,本文方案具有一定的優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:The successful development of quantum computer and the development of quantum information theory have greatly promoted the development of quantum communication technology.At the same time, the security of classical cryptographic systems based on computational complexity is seriously threatened by the powerful parallel computing power of quantum computers, which can be effectively solved by quantum communication technology.Quantum communication uses the basic principle of quantum mechanics to realize the encoding, decoding and safe transmission of information by using quantum state as information carrier.Quantum secure direct communication is an important branch in the development of quantum communication.Unlike quantum key distribution protocols, quantum secure direct communication can guarantee the direct transmission of confidential information between legitimate communication parties without the need to share the key.However, in practical applications, the legitimacy of both users can not be guaranteed.Therefore, quantum secure direct communication schemes have been potential man-in-the-middle attacks.The main content of this paper is to study the theory of quantum secure communication with authentication. Two high capacity quantum secure communication schemes with authentication function are proposed: one is based on EPR pair and the other is based on single photon.This scheme not only can resist the man-in-the-middle attack effectively, but also improves the communication efficiency.Scheme 1: a high capacity quantum secure communication scheme with authentication based on EPR.The scheme authenticates the identity through the key shared by both parties in advance and combines the classical XOR operation and auxiliary particle to improve the efficiency.The EPR entangled state is used to implement a high capacity quantum secure communication scheme with authentication.Because of the difficulty in the preparation of quantum entangled states, the implementation of this scheme is difficult, and the single photon is more practical under the condition of the present equipment, so this paper studies and puts forward the scheme 2 based on single photon.Scheme 2: high capacity quantum secure communication scheme based on single photon authentication.In this scheme, ID code is used as identity authentication code to perform XOR operation on confidential classical information, and to distinguish the XOR result by auxiliary particles, so that each single photon can load two classical bits.A high capacity quantum secure communication scheme based on single photon authentication is implemented.In this paper, the security of the two schemes is analyzed in detail, and the efficiency of the two schemes is compared with the existing schemes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：O413;TN918

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