發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-02-16 10:12

【摘要】：血流儲(chǔ)備分?jǐn)?shù)是對(duì)冠狀動(dòng)脈狹窄進(jìn)行功能性評(píng)價(jià)的指標(biāo),其傳統(tǒng)獲取方法是將一根光纖導(dǎo)絲侵入到血管之中,利用壓力傳感器獲得狹窄兩端的壓力,計(jì)算得到血流儲(chǔ)備分?jǐn)?shù)數(shù)值。但是,這種方法需要入侵人體,檢測(cè)手段繁瑣,價(jià)格昂貴。針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)血流儲(chǔ)備分?jǐn)?shù)獲取方法的缺陷,本文研究實(shí)現(xiàn)了一種新的獲取方法,利用冠狀動(dòng)脈CT血管造影,將醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)和計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)相結(jié)合,無創(chuàng)的獲取冠狀動(dòng)脈血流儲(chǔ)備分?jǐn)?shù),構(gòu)建其軟件實(shí)現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)。本文主要分成三個(gè)部分研究實(shí)現(xiàn)此系統(tǒng),即冠狀動(dòng)脈CT圖像處理、冠狀動(dòng)脈血管流體場(chǎng)數(shù)值計(jì)算和血流儲(chǔ)備分?jǐn)?shù)數(shù)值求解。本文研究了冠狀動(dòng)脈CT圖像的血管分割算法,實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于閾值的區(qū)域生長(zhǎng)算法。并在此算法基礎(chǔ)上,針對(duì)其兩方面的缺陷進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),分別是人工設(shè)定區(qū)域生長(zhǎng)的范圍和區(qū)域生長(zhǎng)閾值的自動(dòng)調(diào)整。結(jié)合這兩方面改進(jìn),研究實(shí)現(xiàn)半自動(dòng)血管分割算法。基于分割的冠狀動(dòng)脈血管,本文實(shí)現(xiàn)了冠狀動(dòng)脈三維幾何模型重建,并進(jìn)行有限元網(wǎng)格劃分。研究醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)與計(jì)算流體動(dòng)力學(xué)相結(jié)合的實(shí)現(xiàn)方法,即通過合理設(shè)置流體控制方程的邊界條件。然后研究冠狀動(dòng)脈血管流體場(chǎng)分布計(jì)算所需的物理?xiàng)l件和生理?xiàng)l件,并實(shí)現(xiàn)其獲取算法。最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了冠狀動(dòng)脈血管流體場(chǎng)分布數(shù)值求解。根據(jù)冠狀動(dòng)脈流體場(chǎng)分布數(shù)據(jù),本文進(jìn)一步實(shí)現(xiàn)了血流儲(chǔ)備分?jǐn)?shù)的具體計(jì)算方法,并將計(jì)算結(jié)果三維顯示。最后利用本文提出的方法計(jì)算了幾例真實(shí)病例的左右冠狀動(dòng)脈血流儲(chǔ)備分?jǐn)?shù),并與有創(chuàng)方法實(shí)測(cè)的數(shù)值進(jìn)行對(duì)比,分析本文方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和不足之處。
[Abstract]:Blood flow reserve fraction (FRF) is a functional index for evaluating coronary artery stenosis. The traditional method is to infiltrate a fiber optic wire into the blood vessel and use a pressure sensor to obtain the pressure at both ends of the stenosis. The blood flow reserve fraction is calculated. However, this method needs to invade the human body, the detection method is cumbersome and expensive. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods for obtaining blood flow reserve fraction, a new method is proposed in this paper, which combines medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics with coronary artery CT angiography. Non-invasive coronary artery flow reserve fraction was obtained and its software implementation system was constructed. This paper is divided into three parts: coronary CT image processing, coronary artery flow field numerical calculation and flow reserve fraction numerical solution. In this paper, the segmentation algorithm of coronary artery CT image is studied, and the region growth algorithm based on threshold is realized. On the basis of this algorithm, two defects are improved, namely, the range of artificial region growth and the automatic adjustment of region growth threshold. Combining these two improvements, a semi-automatic blood vessel segmentation algorithm is studied. Based on the segmented coronary artery, the 3D geometric model of coronary artery is reconstructed and meshed by finite element method. The method of combining medical imaging with computational fluid dynamics is studied, that is, the boundary conditions of fluid governing equations are reasonably set up. Then, the physical and physiological conditions needed to calculate the flow field distribution of coronary artery are studied, and the algorithm is realized. Finally, the numerical solution of the flow field distribution of coronary artery is realized. According to the data of flow field distribution in coronary artery, the calculation method of blood flow reserve fraction is further realized in this paper, and the result is displayed in three dimensions. Finally, the left and right coronary flow reserve fraction of several real cases were calculated by using the method proposed in this paper, and compared with the measured value of the invasive method, the advantages and disadvantages of this method were analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：R816.2;TP391.41

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本文編號(hào)：2424337