【摘要】：血流儲備分數(shù)是對冠狀動脈狹窄進行功能性評價的指標,其傳統(tǒng)獲取方法是將一根光纖導(dǎo)絲侵入到血管之中,利用壓力傳感器獲得狹窄兩端的壓力,計算得到血流儲備分數(shù)數(shù)值。但是,這種方法需要入侵人體,檢測手段繁瑣,價格昂貴。針對傳統(tǒng)血流儲備分數(shù)獲取方法的缺陷,本文研究實現(xiàn)了一種新的獲取方法,利用冠狀動脈CT血管造影,將醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)和計算流體動力學(xué)相結(jié)合,無創(chuàng)的獲取冠狀動脈血流儲備分數(shù),構(gòu)建其軟件實現(xiàn)系統(tǒng)。本文主要分成三個部分研究實現(xiàn)此系統(tǒng),即冠狀動脈CT圖像處理、冠狀動脈血管流體場數(shù)值計算和血流儲備分數(shù)數(shù)值求解。本文研究了冠狀動脈CT圖像的血管分割算法,實現(xiàn)了基于閾值的區(qū)域生長算法。并在此算法基礎(chǔ)上,針對其兩方面的缺陷進行了改進,分別是人工設(shè)定區(qū)域生長的范圍和區(qū)域生長閾值的自動調(diào)整。結(jié)合這兩方面改進,研究實現(xiàn)半自動血管分割算法�；诜指畹墓跔顒用}血管,本文實現(xiàn)了冠狀動脈三維幾何模型重建,并進行有限元網(wǎng)格劃分。研究醫(yī)學(xué)影像學(xué)與計算流體動力學(xué)相結(jié)合的實現(xiàn)方法,即通過合理設(shè)置流體控制方程的邊界條件。然后研究冠狀動脈血管流體場分布計算所需的物理條件和生理條件,并實現(xiàn)其獲取算法。最終實現(xiàn)了冠狀動脈血管流體場分布數(shù)值求解。根據(jù)冠狀動脈流體場分布數(shù)據(jù),本文進一步實現(xiàn)了血流儲備分數(shù)的具體計算方法,并將計算結(jié)果三維顯示。最后利用本文提出的方法計算了幾例真實病例的左右冠狀動脈血流儲備分數(shù),并與有創(chuàng)方法實測的數(shù)值進行對比,分析本文方法的優(yōu)點和不足之處。
[Abstract]:Blood flow reserve fraction (FRF) is a functional index for evaluating coronary artery stenosis. The traditional method is to infiltrate a fiber optic wire into the blood vessel and use a pressure sensor to obtain the pressure at both ends of the stenosis. The blood flow reserve fraction is calculated. However, this method needs to invade the human body, the detection method is cumbersome and expensive. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional methods for obtaining blood flow reserve fraction, a new method is proposed in this paper, which combines medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics with coronary artery CT angiography. Non-invasive coronary artery flow reserve fraction was obtained and its software implementation system was constructed. This paper is divided into three parts: coronary CT image processing, coronary artery flow field numerical calculation and flow reserve fraction numerical solution. In this paper, the segmentation algorithm of coronary artery CT image is studied, and the region growth algorithm based on threshold is realized. On the basis of this algorithm, two defects are improved, namely, the range of artificial region growth and the automatic adjustment of region growth threshold. Combining these two improvements, a semi-automatic blood vessel segmentation algorithm is studied. Based on the segmented coronary artery, the 3D geometric model of coronary artery is reconstructed and meshed by finite element method. The method of combining medical imaging with computational fluid dynamics is studied, that is, the boundary conditions of fluid governing equations are reasonably set up. Then, the physical and physiological conditions needed to calculate the flow field distribution of coronary artery are studied, and the algorithm is realized. Finally, the numerical solution of the flow field distribution of coronary artery is realized. According to the data of flow field distribution in coronary artery, the calculation method of blood flow reserve fraction is further realized in this paper, and the result is displayed in three dimensions. Finally, the left and right coronary flow reserve fraction of several real cases were calculated by using the method proposed in this paper, and compared with the measured value of the invasive method, the advantages and disadvantages of this method were analyzed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R816.2;TP391.41

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