【摘要】：為了深入探討植物對(duì)環(huán)境變化的適應(yīng)機(jī)制,該文以內(nèi)蒙古草原區(qū)羊草(Leymus chinensis)不同基因型為對(duì)象,在人工控制條件下,研究了羊草基因型、刈割、干旱及其交互作用對(duì)羊草11個(gè)數(shù)量性狀的影響。結(jié)果顯示:(1)所觀測(cè)的11個(gè)性狀(光系統(tǒng)Ⅱ光化學(xué)效率、最大凈光合速率、蒸騰速率、比葉面積、相對(duì)生長(zhǎng)速率、分蘗增長(zhǎng)數(shù)、地上及地下生物量、葉總酚濃度、根非結(jié)構(gòu)性碳水化合物總量和根冠比)受環(huán)境因素(干旱、刈割或兩者交互)影響顯著,表明該物種具有較強(qiáng)的表型可塑性;且在4種環(huán)境條件(對(duì)照、刈割、干旱、刈割干旱)下,不同基因型羊草的反應(yīng)規(guī)范并不一致,其中,最大凈光合速率、蒸騰速率、比葉面積、相對(duì)生長(zhǎng)速率、葉總酚濃度和根非結(jié)構(gòu)性碳水化合物總量受環(huán)境和基因型交互作用影響顯著,表明這些性狀的表型可塑性具有一定的遺傳基礎(chǔ)。(2)對(duì)同一環(huán)境條件下,不同基因型間的性狀進(jìn)行分析顯示,分蘗增長(zhǎng)數(shù)、地下生物量和根非結(jié)構(gòu)性碳水化合物含量在4種環(huán)境條件下均未檢測(cè)到基因型間的差異;而其余8個(gè)性狀在基因型間的差異顯著,表明這些性狀的差異具有一定的遺傳基礎(chǔ),其中,與生長(zhǎng)相關(guān)的6個(gè)性狀的遺傳力(H~2)較高,均大于0.5,而葉總酚濃度和根冠比僅在刈割干旱條件下檢測(cè)出顯著差異,H~2分別為0.145和0.202。這些實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果為理解羊草這一重要物種在內(nèi)蒙古草原區(qū)的廣泛分布提供了適應(yīng)機(jī)制方面的數(shù)據(jù)支持,為合理預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)氣候變化對(duì)該物種的影響提供了科學(xué)依據(jù),為合理利用和保護(hù)該物種及其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the adaptation mechanism of plants to environmental changes, this paper took different (Leymus chinensis) genotypes of Leymus chinensis in Inner Mongolia grassland as objects, and studied the genotypic and cutting of Leymus chinensis under artificial control. Effects of drought and its interaction on 11 quantitative characters of Leymus chinensis. The results showed that: (1) the 11 characters observed (photochemical efficiency, maximum net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, specific leaf area, relative growth rate, tiller growth number, above-ground and underground biomass, leaf total phenol concentration, The total amount of root non-structural carbohydrates and the ratio of root to shoot were significantly affected by environmental factors (drought, cutting or interaction between them), indicating that the species had strong phenotypic plasticity. Under four environmental conditions (control, cutting, drought, cutting drought), the response norms of different genotypes of Leymus chinensis were not consistent, among which, the maximum net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, specific leaf area, relative growth rate, The concentration of total phenols in leaves and the total amount of non-structural carbohydrates in roots were significantly affected by environmental and genotypic interactions, indicating that the phenotypic plasticity of these traits has a certain genetic basis. (2) under the same environmental conditions, The analysis of traits among different genotypes showed that there was no difference in tiller growth, underground biomass and root non-structural carbohydrate content among the four environmental conditions. The differences among the other eight traits were significant, indicating that the differences of these traits had a certain genetic basis, among which the heritability of the six traits related to growth (H 鈮，

本文編號(hào)：2492652