【摘要】：與細胞核基因工程相比,質(zhì)體基因工程能更安全、精確和高效地對外源基因進行表達,作為下一代轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)已廣泛用于基礎(chǔ)研究和生物技術(shù)應用領(lǐng)域。與細胞核基因工程一樣,質(zhì)體基因工程中也需要合適的選擇標記基因用于轉(zhuǎn)化子的篩選和同質(zhì)化,但基于質(zhì)體基因組的多拷貝性和母系遺傳特點,轉(zhuǎn)化子的同質(zhì)化需要一個長期的篩選過程,這就決定了質(zhì)體基因工程中選擇標記基因的選擇標準將不同于細胞核基因工程中廣泛使用的現(xiàn)行標準。目前,質(zhì)體基因工程的遺傳轉(zhuǎn)化操作中使用較多的是抗生素選擇標記基因,出于安全性考慮,需要找到可替換、安全的選擇標記基因或有效的標記基因刪除方法。本文在對質(zhì)體基因工程研究的相關(guān)文獻分析基礎(chǔ)之上,對主要使用的選擇標記基因及其刪除體系進行了綜述,并對比了其優(yōu)缺點,同時探討了質(zhì)體基因工程中所使用的報告基因,以期為現(xiàn)有選擇標記基因及其刪除體系的改進和開發(fā)提供一定參考,進一步推動質(zhì)體基因工程,尤其是單子葉植物質(zhì)體基因工程的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Compared with nuclear genetic engineering, plastid gene engineering can express foreign genes more safely, accurately and efficiently. As the next generation of transgenic technology, plastids have been widely used in basic research and biotechnology applications. Like nuclear genetic engineering, plastids engineering requires suitable selection of marker genes for screening and homogenization of transformants, but based on multiple copies of the plastids genome and maternal heredity, The homogenization of transformants requires a long-term screening process, which determines that the selection criteria for marker genes in plastids genetic engineering will be different from the existing criteria widely used in nuclear genetic engineering. At present, antibiotic selective marker genes are used in the genetic transformation of plastids. For safety reasons, it is necessary to find alternative and safe selective marker genes or effective marker gene deletion methods. In this paper, based on the literature analysis of plastid gene engineering, the selective marker genes and their deletion systems are reviewed, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. At the same time, the report genes used in plastid gene engineering are discussed in order to provide some reference for the improvement and development of the existing selective marker gene and its deletion system, and to further promote the plastid gene engineering. In particular, the development of genetic engineering of monocotyledonous plastids.
【作者單位】： 長江大學主要糧食作物產(chǎn)業(yè)化湖北省協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心;長江大學生命科學學院;長江大學農(nóng)學院;
【基金】：主要糧食作物產(chǎn)業(yè)化湖北省協(xié)同創(chuàng)新中心開放基金項目(編號:2015MS006)資助~~
【分類號】：Q943.2

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本文編號：2393752