【摘要】：為了探尋歐洲白樺變種裂葉樺的葉緣分裂機制。以2種樺樹為研究對象,在葉片形態(tài)特征和解剖特征觀測的基礎上,進行了頂芽及葉片葉尖、裂片及凹缺等不同組織部位相關基因表達定量分析、內源激素IAA含量測定以及IAA活體標記的GUS染色分析。結果表明,裂葉樺葉片兩側葉緣自葉基到葉尖分裂出由大到小3~4個裂片,葉背面的葉脈呈明顯的管狀隆起,葉寬、平均二級脈間距、主脈橫切面積等分別較歐洲白樺大了21.12%、12.64%、21.46%。BpmiR164s及靶基因的組織表達特性分析結果證明,BpmiR164-2及靶基因BpCUC2與裂片的形成關系密切,是裂葉性狀產生的主要調控基因。生長素輸出載體BpPINs基因的組織表達特性分析結果證明,6個基因中只有BpPIN2和BpPIN5在裂葉樺的葉尖、裂片及頂芽等組織器官中呈現上調表達。內源激素IAA的活體標記發(fā)現,在頂芽、幼葉中IAA的含量較高,而在葉片中,葉尖、葉齒及裂片處是激素的高表達部位,利用液相色譜—質譜聯用儀(LC-MS)對2種樺樹的上述不同組織部位的生長素測定也證明了激素的上述分布特點。綜合上述,裂葉樺裂片產生是激素在葉脈、葉緣的極性運輸及相關基因調控的結果。
[Abstract]:In order to find out the mechanism of leaf margin division of Betula platyphylla var. Bai Hua in Europe. Based on the observation of morphological and anatomical characteristics of two species of birch, quantitative analysis of gene expression in different tissues such as apical bud, leaf tip, lobes and concave was carried out. The content of endogenous hormone IAA and GUS staining of IAA in vivo were determined. The results showed that the leaves of Betula lobata were separated from the base to the tip, and the veins on the back of the leaf were obviously tubular, with the width of the leaf, and the average secondary vein spacing. The cross sectional area of main veins was 21.12 / 12.64 and 21.46. BpmiR164s and target gene were respectively larger than those of Bai Hua in Europe. The results showed that BpmiR164-2 and target gene BpCUC2 were closely related to the formation of lobes and were the main regulatory genes for the formation of lobes. The results of tissue expression analysis of BpPINs gene of auxin export vector showed that only BpPIN2 and BpPIN5 showed upregulated expression in tissues and organs of Betula lobata such as tip, lobes and terminal buds of Betula lobata. In vivo marker of endogenous hormone IAA, it was found that the content of IAA was higher in terminal bud and young leaf, while in leaf, tip, tooth and lobes were the high expression sites of hormone. The determination of auxin in different tissues of two birch species by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) also proved the distribution of hormones. To sum up above, the production of Betula fissure lobes is the result of the polar transport of hormones in leaf veins and margins and the regulation of related genes.
【作者單位】： 東北林業(yè)大學林木遺傳育種國家重點實驗室;
【基金】：國家自然科學基金項目(31370660)
【分類號】：S792.15

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