線蟲中水感受基因篩選及神經(jīng)通路的初步研究
[Abstract]:Water is a ubiquitous substance on earth, an important component of organisms, and an important condition for all living things to survive. Organisms have the ability to perceive water content and its changes in the internal and external environment, that is, water perception. Sensory signals are analyzed and integrated in the nervous system in order to make the body make corresponding physiological and behavioral responses to adapt to the changes in the environment. Maintain the dynamic stability and survival of physiological activities. In the study of water sensitivity of organisms, (Caenorhabditis elegans) can be used as an ideal model organism. Both in the wild and in the artificial culture environment, nematodes live on the surface of the medium containing water film, and the nematodes need to move on the medium surface with the help of the tension of water. The thick water film will cause great obstacles to the movement of nematodes. The water film is too thin to kill nematode, so the water content in the media surface is very important for nematodes. Nematodes can sense multiple stimuli, have perfect sensory organs and nervous system, which allows nematodes to respond to water stimuli. However, the molecular mechanisms and neural circuits of nematode water sensitivity have not been studied. Based on the wedge cylinder Agar model and agarose four-phase plate model developed by us, the 6-2% agarose two-phase diffusion model and the sodium ion equalization four-phase model were designed. Therefore, the interference of sodium salt ion and other water-soluble ions is eliminated, and only one variable, water content, is introduced. By optimizing the model, we verified the water repellent behavior of wild nematodes. The key genes of DAF-11 cGMP TAX-2/TAX-4 signaling pathway of GPCR G protein were verified one by one, and it was proved that this pathway acted on the sensory neurons with ciliates. In the process of finding water sensing neurons of nematode, calcium imaging of sensory neurons was performed by alternating air and water stimulation mode. It was found that under the background of tax-4 (ks28) mutation, the recovery of tax-4 gene in neuron ASER by specific promoter could restore the calcium signal of ASER neurons to water stimulation, which indicated that ASER was involved in water perception. However, the daf-11 gene was not expressed in ASER, so the other genes expressed in ASER neurons were screened. The results of calcium imaging showed that gcy-22 gene was involved in water perception. In the context of gcy-22 (tm2364) mutation, restoring gcy-22 gene to ASER neurons with specific promoters can restore calcium signal, which suggests that GCY-22 acts on ASER neurons to mediate water avoidance. In this study, the water sensing genes and neural pathways of nematodes were studied, which provided the basis for exploring the complete neural circuits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:Q42
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