牡蠣皰疹病毒巢式PCR檢測法及基因分型系統(tǒng)的建立
[Abstract]:Since the 1990s, large-scale deaths of bivalve shellfish have occurred frequently in many countries and regions around the world, including China, in spring and summer when the water temperature is high. Epidemiological investigation and artificial infection experiments have proved that a herpes-like virus infection is closely related to these deaths. International Virus Classification Committee (I) The taxonomic report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Virus (ICTV) published in 2012 named the virus Ostreid herpes virus 1 (Os HV-1), which is the only virus species under Herpes viridae, Malacoherpesviridae and Ostreavirus. The epidemiological investigation showed that there were other strains of the virus differentiated from the earliest one. With the passage of time and the transformation of space, new variants of the virus were produced and found continuously. The epidemiological characteristics of host range, virulence, onset time and spatial distribution among different variants were also different. The aim of this study is to establish a method for detection and identification of the main variants of herpesvirus infecting bivalve shellfish and a genotyping system, to master the infection situation, to explore the molecular epidemiological characteristics of the main variants, to establish a healthy breeding model, and to do a good job in the prevention and control of such diseases. Several kinds of parasites, Perkinsus spp., Marteilia refringens and Bonamia spp., were sampled and tested in order to know the status of parasite infection in shellfish farming in China, and to take preventive and therapeutic measures to ensure the healthy and stable development of shellfish farming industry. The results are as follows: Part 1: DNA polymerase gene, a conserved sequence of Os HV-1, AVNV and Os HV-1 SB, was compared and found to be identical in this region. For this sequence (about 5600 bp), primer 5.0 was used to design the internal and external primers of nested PCR and amplified fragments of external primers. The length of the amplified fragment was 573 bp, and the length of the amplified fragment was 386 bp. The PCR reaction system and conditions were optimized. A nested PCR assay for Oyster Herpesvirus (P-n PCR) was established. The results showed that the P-n PCR method could detect 100 copies/mu L of virus DNA stably. Compared with the C-n PCR method, it had stronger specificity and higher detection rate. To provide reliable technical support for the detection and epidemiological investigation of the virus. Part II: DNA extracts from 278 shellfish samples collected from Liaoning and Shandong coastal culture areas from 2001 to 2014 were amplified by PCR using four pairs of primers C2/C6, Del36-37F2/Del36-37R, IA1/IA2 and NC1/NC2, and the PCR results were presented as Os HV-1. The positive PCR products were sent to the sequencing company for sequencing. The sequencing results obtained by each pair of primers and the sequences of some major Os HV-1 mutants downloaded from genebank were analyzed by Mega 6.0 software respectively. A phylogenetic tree was established to study the sequence between samples and the major Os HV-1 mutants previously studied. The results showed that in the C2/C6 region of the genome, there were significant variations in the NC1/NC2 region of the Os HV-1 mutant strain from 278 samples selected in this study. Among them, 11 mutant strains were produced from 118 samples according to the variation of C2/C6 region sequence, and 26 mutant strains were produced from 56 samples according to the variation of NC1/NC2 region sequence. Except for the large variation in the microsatellite region of C2/C6 region, the other changes were sporadic base addition, deletion or alteration. Based on the analysis of the base changes in the four regions, it was determined that all the Os HV-1 mutants selected in the experiment had close relationship with AVNV and Os HV-1SB, and had far relationship with Os HV-1 and Os HV-1 mu Var. The results of this study are consistent with the epidemiological characteristics of the viruses. This study provides a reference for the comprehensive study of the genotyping and phylogenetic relationship of Os HV-1 in bivalve shellfish infected in China. Part III: The detection of Perkinsus spp., Marteilia refringens, and Bon nanoparticles recommended by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) The primers of AMIA spp. were collected from Liaoning, Shandong, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian provinces and coastal areas of South Korea from 2007 to 2013. The results showed that the infection of Parthenocissus spp. mainly occurred in Dalian, Shandong, Qingdao, Rongcheng, Weifang, Shandong and other areas. The infection occurred mainly in the relatively high water temperature seasons of July, August and September. The host species were mainly mussels, clams and clams. No refractive Maltesia and hydatid infection was found in this test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:上海海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號】:S944
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