一個(gè)水稻灌漿突變體的遺傳分析與基因定位
[Abstract]:Rice is an important food crop in the world and a model plant for plant genome research. Grain filling is an extremely important stage in the process of rice growth and development for the purpose of harvesting grain. It involves complex genetic regulatory networks and environmental interactions, and directly affects the formation of rice yield and quality. The study of mutants and the discovery of new genes controlling rice grain filling rate are of great significance to understand rice grain filling mechanism and refine rice grain filling process; it can also strengthen the cognition of physiological and genetic factors of sugar metabolism pathway in rice grain filling process, better understand the inherent information of grain filling, and promote rice grain filling. In this study, a rice grain extended filling mutant Gefl (grain extended filling 1) was obtained from Yixiang 1B by EMS mutation, and its agronomic characters, physiological and biochemical characteristics, Histocytological observation and related gene expression were investigated. The main results were as follows: 1. The main agronomic traits and rice quality of mutant gef1 and wild type Yixiang 1B were determined. Compared with wild type, the mutant had no significant change in plant height, but shortened panicle length, reduced seed setting rate and reduced grain number per panicle. The grain length, grain width and 1000-grain weight of the mutant increased, but the ratio of length to width did not change significantly, and irregular dark spots appeared on the outer surface of the glume during grain filling. Compared with wild type Yixiang 1B, the average number of large vascular bundles in the same section between the first and second internodes of mutant gef1 decreased, and the difference of the number of large vascular bundles in the corresponding parts between them was 2-7. Compared with the wild type, the inner epidermis of the mutant glume was smooth, the cells were slender and the number of cells increased. The amyloplast of the mutant was spherical and loosely arranged, while the wild type was irregular. The analysis of grain filling rate showed that wild type Yixiang 1B was in rapid filling stage from 0 to 18 days after anthesis, a large number of assimilates were transported to caryopsis, caryopsis trunk and fresh weight continued to increase, while mutant gef1 maintained rapid filling period for 36 days, and its grain filling rate was significantly lower than that of wild type. Dynamics analysis showed that the mutant gef1 developed slowly at the early stage of Caryopsis and took about 12 days longer than the wild type, and the mutant gef1 experienced about 30 days later than the wild type. The content of soluble sugar in wild-type grains began to decrease after 15 days of fertilization, and the content of soluble sugar in mutant grains began to decrease after 25 days of fertilization, and then decreased after 25 days of anthesis. 30 days after flowering, the content of soluble sugar in gef1 grains increased sharply, indicating that the accumulation efficiency of soluble sugar in the grains was significantly higher than that of starch. The results showed that the expression of SUS3 in mutant gef1 was not significantly different from that in wild type. OsSSIIIa was similar to SUS3, and the expression of SUS3 in Gefl remained at a low level at the early filling stage. In addition, the expression of OsAGPL2 and OSAGPS2b in the mutant and wild type at the early filling stage was significantly different, and the expression of OsAGPL2 and OSAGPS2b in the mutant was lower than that in the wild type, and both of them showed a gradual increasing trend. 6. The results of gef1/Yixiang1B, gef1/02428 and gefl/Kitaake hybridization analysis showed that F1 of the three combinations was planted. The results showed that the mutant trait was controlled by recessive genes. The segregation ratios of single plant number of mutant phenotype and single plant number of normal phenotype in the three F_2 populations were all 3:1, indicating that the mutant trait was controlled by a pair of single recessive nuclear genes. 7. The F_2 population of gef1/02428 was selected as the initial population and evenly distributed in 12 rice. The results showed that the markers RM5474, RM7576.A3-7 and A3-8 on the short arm of chromosome 3 were polymorphic and linked to the target gene. Location analysis showed that the gene was located between InDel 3-1 and InDel 3-2 by using the SSR polymorphism markers searched in this region and further designed InDel markers based on the sequences of Japonica rice Nipponqing and Indica rice 9311. The physical distance was about 198Kb. There were 21 open reading frames in this region, and further identification of candidate genes was under way. Middle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:四川農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2016
【分類號(hào)】:S511
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