【摘要】：食用油在反復(fù)煎炸過程中發(fā)生氧化、水解和聚合等一系列化學(xué)反應(yīng),導(dǎo)致品質(zhì)下降,不僅影響食品的質(zhì)構(gòu)和風(fēng)味,還產(chǎn)生許多有毒物質(zhì),嚴(yán)重影響健康�？剐缘矸圩鳛橐环N新型膳食纖維,具有保護(hù)腸道健康、降低血糖水平、調(diào)節(jié)脂質(zhì)代謝等作用。本文研究了煎炸油和抗性淀粉干預(yù)對大鼠肝臟基因表達(dá)的影響。利用復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析方法,探討煎炸油損傷肝臟可能的分子機(jī)制以及抗性淀粉可能的保護(hù)作用機(jī)制。與新鮮油脂組相比,129個(gè)基因在攝入煎炸油后表達(dá)明顯上調(diào),而300個(gè)基因呈現(xiàn)下調(diào)。我們從RGD數(shù)據(jù)庫搜集了 429個(gè)差異表達(dá)基因參與的生物通路信息,并以生物通路為節(jié)點(diǎn),共有基因?yàn)榫W(wǎng)絡(luò)的邊構(gòu)建基因-生物通路網(wǎng)絡(luò)。統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)果顯示,網(wǎng)絡(luò)包括48個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)和67條邊,平均度為2.75,平均路徑長度為4.0964,聚集系數(shù)為0.3549,網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有明顯的小世界性和無標(biāo)度特征。利用中心性指標(biāo)篩選出神經(jīng)酰胺信號通路、細(xì)胞周期通路等19條關(guān)鍵通路,選取Srebf1、Sgk1、Insig1、Ccnd1等19個(gè)樞紐基因及表達(dá)倍數(shù)較大的基因作為關(guān)鍵基因進(jìn)行深入分析。結(jié)果表明,煎炸油可通過多條途徑誘導(dǎo)細(xì)胞凋亡、阻滯細(xì)胞周期、嚴(yán)重影響細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)功能的完整,導(dǎo)致胰島素通路紊亂,損傷血管內(nèi)皮功能進(jìn)而誘發(fā)高血壓和動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化等疾病,還可使機(jī)體免疫功能下降,生長緩慢,體重降低。抗性淀粉干預(yù)后,與煎炸油組相比,表達(dá)上調(diào)基因219個(gè),下調(diào)基因143個(gè)。繪制的通路網(wǎng)絡(luò)包括48個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)和57條邊,平均度為2.42,平均路徑長度僅有3.5330,聚集系數(shù)為0.6401,網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有小世界和無標(biāo)度網(wǎng)絡(luò)的特征。其中30個(gè)通路與FO-DO網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的通路一致,涉及20個(gè)共同基因表達(dá)水平相反、絕對值相近。11個(gè)基因?yàn)镕O-DO網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的關(guān)鍵基因,表明抗性淀粉可調(diào)節(jié)煎炸油所引起的基因異常表達(dá)趨于正常水平。利用中心性指標(biāo)從DO-RS網(wǎng)絡(luò)中篩選出胰島素信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)通路、JAK-STAT信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)途徑等9條關(guān)鍵通路,選取Srebf1、Sgk1、Socs2、Irs2等13個(gè)樞紐基因及表達(dá)倍數(shù)較大的基因作為關(guān)鍵基因進(jìn)行深入分析。結(jié)果表明,抗性淀粉可預(yù)防煎炸油引起的胰島素抵抗、調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)體免疫功能、保護(hù)細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)功能的完整、增強(qiáng)機(jī)體解毒能力,同時(shí)還可保持內(nèi)皮細(xì)胞的結(jié)構(gòu)及功能的完整,從而對煎炸油所引起的高血壓和動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化具有一定的預(yù)防作用。
[Abstract]:A series of chemical reactions, such as oxidation, hydrolysis and polymerization, occur in cooking oil in the process of repeated frying, resulting in a decline in quality, which not only affects the texture and flavor of food, but also produces many toxic substances, which seriously affect health. As a new dietary fiber, resistant starch has the functions of protecting intestinal health, lowering blood sugar level and regulating lipid metabolism. The effects of fried oil and resistant starch on gene expression in rat liver were studied. The possible molecular mechanism of liver injury by fried oil and the protective mechanism of resistant starch were studied by using complex network analysis method. Compared with fresh oil group, 129 genes were up-regulated after frying oil intake, while 300 genes were down-regulated. We collected 429 biological pathways involved in differentially expressed genes from the RGD database. We used biological pathways as nodes and shared a common base to construct a gene-biological pathway network because of the edge of the network. The statistical results show that the network consists of 48 nodes and 67 edges, the average degree is 2.75, the average path length is 4.0964, and the aggregation coefficient is 0.3549. Nineteen key pathways, such as ceramide signaling pathway and cell cycle pathway, were screened by central indexes. Nineteen pivotal genes, such as Srebf1Sgk1Sgk1Insig1Ccnd1 and genes with large expression times, were selected as key genes for in-depth analysis. The results showed that frying oil could induce apoptosis, block cell cycle, seriously affect the integrity of cell structure and function, and lead to the disturbance of insulin pathway. The injury of vascular endothelial function can induce hypertension and atherosclerosis, but also can reduce immune function, slow growth and weight loss. Compared with fried oil group, 219 genes were up-regulated and 143 genes were down-regulated after intervention with resistant starch. The network is composed of 48 nodes and 57 edges, the average degree is 2.42, the average path length is only 3.5330, and the aggregation coefficient is 0.6401. The network has the characteristics of small world and scale-free network. 30 of these pathways are identical to those in FO-DO networks, involving 20 common genes that are expressed at the opposite level and have similar absolute values. 11 bases are due to the key genes in the FO-DO network. The results showed that resistant starch could regulate the abnormal gene expression induced by frying oil. Nine key pathways, such as JAK-STAT signal transduction pathway, were screened from DO-RS network by central index. Thirteen pivotal genes, such as Srebf1, Sgk1Sgk1Sgk1Socs2Irs2 and genes with high expression times, were selected as key genes for further analysis. The results showed that resistant starch could prevent insulin resistance induced by fried oil, regulate immune function, protect the integrity of cell structure and function, enhance the ability of detoxification, and keep the structure and function of endothelial cells intact. It can prevent hypertension and atherosclerosis caused by frying oil.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TS201.4;TS221

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