本文選題：煙草 + orf25基因��； 參考：《江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：煙草是我國乃至世界上重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物,同時(shí)也是植物基因工程常用的模式植物。ATP合酶是一種線粒體復(fù)合酶,主要由F0和F1兩部分組成,異常編碼的ATP合酶單個(gè)基因或多個(gè)基因產(chǎn)物常伴隨植物雄性不育的形成。orf25基因是F0部分的亞基基因,其異常表達(dá)可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致煙草雄性不育的產(chǎn)生。本研究以atp9基因?yàn)閷φ栈?前期已構(gòu)建orf25和atp9基因的RNA干擾表達(dá)載體,通過農(nóng)桿菌介導(dǎo)法分別轉(zhuǎn)化保持系煙草中煙90(zy90)和K326,并均獲得轉(zhuǎn)基因陽性植株。通過分析轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-orf25和轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-atp9煙草在形態(tài)學(xué)、ATP酶活性、ATP含量、orf25基因相對表達(dá)量以及花粉活力上與對照組之間的差異,來探究orf25基因與煙草雄性不育的關(guān)系。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1、共獲得轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-orf25煙草12株,其中1株在苗期死亡,1株未開花;轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-atp9煙草14株,其中有2株未開花。對轉(zhuǎn)基因煙草的形態(tài)學(xué)特征研究表明:干擾orf25或atp9基因的表達(dá)后,植株明顯變矮、生長緩慢、分枝增加、葉片數(shù)少、葉片變小、易染病。2、生殖生長期非轉(zhuǎn)基因煙草葉、花、莖和根四個(gè)器官中,保持系zy90中orf25基因相對表達(dá)量顯著高于不育系MSzy90,且花中orf25基因相對表達(dá)量始終保持最高;保持系K326中atp9基因相對表達(dá)量顯著高于不育系MSK326,且atp9基因相對表達(dá)量在花器官中為最高。RT-PCR分析結(jié)果表明,轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-orf25煙草葉、花、莖和根中orf25基因相對表達(dá)量明顯低于對照組,且花中為最低;同樣地,與對照組一致的是,轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-atp9煙草atp9基因相對表達(dá)量在花中為最低,并且在四個(gè)器官中均明顯低于對照組。3、比較生殖生長期非轉(zhuǎn)基因煙草zy90和MSzy90以及MSK326和K326葉、花、莖和根四個(gè)器官的ATP酶活性,結(jié)果表明均是保持系中的ATP酶活性顯著高于不育系。兩系皆是花器官中的ATP酶活性最大。兩種轉(zhuǎn)基因煙草轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-orf25和轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-atp9中的ATP酶活性和ATP含量均顯著低于對照煙草,且花中均明顯高于其他三個(gè)器官。表明兩種煙草RNAi表達(dá)載體皆具有干擾效果。4、相比于對照煙草,轉(zhuǎn)基因煙草的花粉活力明顯下降。其中有一株轉(zhuǎn)RNAi-atp9煙草育性發(fā)生改變,形成雄性不育煙草。5、干擾煙草orf25基因和atp9基因的正常表達(dá)均能特異性地減弱目的基因的表達(dá),降低ATP酶活性和ATP含量以及煙草的花粉活力,推測ATP合酶的這兩個(gè)亞基基因可能具有相似的功能。orf25基因的異常表達(dá)雖不能直接引起煙草雄性不育,但是否與其他煙草CMS相關(guān)基因共同調(diào)控?zé)煵菪坌圆挥杂写谶M(jìn)一步研究。
[Abstract]:Tobacco is an important cash crop in China and even the world. It is also a common model plant. ATP synthase is a mitochondrial complex enzyme, which is mainly composed of F0 and F1. The abnormal encoding of ATP synthase single gene or multiple gene products is often associated with the formation of plant male sterility. Orf25 gene is the F0 subunit gene, and its abnormal expression may lead to the production of tobacco male sterility. In this study, atp9 gene was used as control gene to construct RNAi expression vectors of orf25 and atp9 genes. The vector was transformed into tobacco maintainer line zy90 (zy90) and K326 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, respectively, and transgenic plants were obtained. In order to explore the relationship between orf25 gene and male sterility of tobacco, the relative expression of orf25 gene and the relative expression of orf25 gene in morphological ATPase activity were analyzed by analyzing the difference between transgenic RNAi-orf25 and transRNAi-atp9 tobacco. The main results were as follows: 1 of 12 tobacco plants transferred to RNAi-orf25, 1 of which died at seedling stage did not bloom, and 14 of them were transferred to RNAi-atp9, 2 of which did not bloom. The morphological characteristics of transgenic tobacco were studied. The results showed that after interfering with the expression of orf25 or atp9 gene, the plants became shorter, grew slowly, increased branches, decreased the number of leaves, reduced the leaves, became susceptible to disease. The relative expression of orf25 gene in the maintainer line zy90 was significantly higher than that in the sterile line MSzy90 in four organs of stem and root, and the relative expression of orf25 gene in flower was always the highest. The relative expression of atp9 gene in the maintainer line K326 was significantly higher than that in the sterile line MSK326, and the relative expression of atp9 gene was the highest in flower organs. RT-PCR analysis showed that the relative expression of orf25 gene in the leaves, flowers, stems and roots of transgenic tobacco was significantly lower than that in the control group. The relative expression of RNAi-atp9 gene was the lowest in the flower, and the lowest in the control group. The activities of zy90 and MSzy90 in non-transgenic tobacco, leaves, flowers, stems and roots of MSK326 and K326 in reproductive period were compared. The results showed that the ATPase activity in both maintainer lines was significantly higher than that in male sterile lines. Both strains had the highest ATPase activity in floral organs. The ATPase activity and ATP content in two transgenic tobacco transRNAi-orf25 and RNAi-atp9 were significantly lower than those in the control, and the flowers were significantly higher than the other three organs. The results showed that both RNAi expression vectors had interference effect. Compared with control tobacco, the pollen viability of transgenic tobacco decreased significantly. One of the transgenic RNAi-atp9 plants changed its fertility to form male sterile tobacco. 5, which interfered with the normal expression of orf25 gene and atp9 gene in tobacco, which could specifically weaken the expression of the target gene, decrease the activity of ATPase, the content of ATP and the pollen vigor of tobacco. It is speculated that these two subunits of ATP synthase may have similar function. The abnormal expression of orf25 gene can not directly cause tobacco male sterility, but whether the two subunits can regulate tobacco male sterility together with other tobacco CMS genes needs further study.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S572

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