本文選題：光質(zhì) + 紫色小白菜�。� 參考：《福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：光是確保植物進(jìn)行正常個(gè)體發(fā)育必不可少的外界條件,它在促進(jìn)植物組織和器官的分化同時(shí),還能為植物進(jìn)行光合作用提供能量。光質(zhì)對(duì)植物的作用具有多面性,在植物光形態(tài)建成,物質(zhì)合成代謝及基因調(diào)控等方面均有影響,光質(zhì)對(duì)植物花青昔合成調(diào)控研究也已深入。研究光質(zhì)對(duì)植物生長(zhǎng)和相關(guān)營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)含量以及花青苷合成的影響,以及光質(zhì)對(duì)花青苷合成基因的調(diào)控作用,為光質(zhì)對(duì)設(shè)施蔬菜栽培的影響提供參考材料。本文以紫色小白菜(Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis (L.) Makino var. communis Tsen et Lee)品種“紫冠1號(hào)”為試驗(yàn)材料,克隆了紫色小白菜葉片中花青苷合成關(guān)鍵基因；同時(shí)以LED燈精確控制處理的光照強(qiáng)度和光照波長(zhǎng),采用紅光(R)、藍(lán)光(B)和紅藍(lán)組合光(R/B),配比為3：7、5：5、7：3、8：2和9：1,以白光為對(duì)照(CK),研究光質(zhì)對(duì)紫色小白菜地上部和地下部生長(zhǎng)、光合色素合成和花青苷合成以及花青苷合成關(guān)鍵基因表達(dá)水平的動(dòng)態(tài)影響,從植物生理層面和基因表達(dá)層面探討光質(zhì)對(duì)紫色小白菜生長(zhǎng)和花青苷合成的調(diào)控作用,主要結(jié)果如下：(1)研究了光質(zhì)對(duì)紫色小白菜根系形態(tài)和根冠比的影響。結(jié)果表明,在處理前期(5、10d),R、B和一定比例的R/B可以明顯促進(jìn)植物根冠比的增加；處理后期(20、25d),B和R/B能夠顯著促進(jìn)根冠比的增加,而R則抑制根冠比增加。在植株的整個(gè)生長(zhǎng)過程中,7R/3B和B顯著增加根平均直徑、根長(zhǎng)和根平均體積,R對(duì)根系形態(tài)的形成無影響或抑制根系的生長(zhǎng)；處理后期,B、3R/7B、7R/3B、 8R/2B都明顯促進(jìn)植株根表面積和根體積的增加；光質(zhì)對(duì)植株根尖數(shù)和分根數(shù)的影響效應(yīng)在前期都未表現(xiàn)出明顯的影響效應(yīng),25d后才有顯著性差異(p0.05)(2)研究了光質(zhì)對(duì)紫色小白菜地上部生長(zhǎng)的影響。結(jié)果表明,光質(zhì)處理后期,光質(zhì)都促進(jìn)植株莖的增粗,其中3R/7B、5R/5B、 7R/3B和9R/1B處理都明顯促進(jìn)紫色小白菜植株莖的增粗(p0.05)；3R/7B促進(jìn)或顯著促進(jìn)紫色小白菜葉片拓展。(3)研究了光質(zhì)對(duì)紫色小白菜葉片若干營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)含量的影響。結(jié)果顯示,R、B及R/B能夠增加植株葉片可溶性蛋白的含量；B和一定比例的R/B能夠促進(jìn)可溶性糖含量的增加,但效果不明顯；15d時(shí),R和R/B顯著增加Vc含量,R、B和R/B后期則抑制Vc的增加。(4)研究了光質(zhì)對(duì)紫色小白菜葉片光合色素和花青苷合成的影響。結(jié)果表明,R/B顯著增加Chla含量,R、B促進(jìn)作用不明顯。3R/7B的Chlb含量顯著高于R、B,但與CK無明顯差異。8R/2B明顯提高Ch1含量,且R、B不顯著促進(jìn)Ch1的含量。R、B和R/B不顯著促進(jìn)Car含量的增加,但R/B的Car含量最高。光質(zhì)處理前期(5、10、15d),花青苷含量呈下降趨勢(shì)；15d時(shí),花青苷含量最低；后期(20和25d)葉片花青苷含量大幅度上升,且B和R/B增加花青苷含量,其中B和7R/3B最顯著。整個(gè)處理階段,R不促進(jìn)葉片花青苷的合成,R效應(yīng)比CK弱。(5)運(yùn)用同源克隆技術(shù)克隆得到紫色小白菜葉片花青苷合成的關(guān)鍵基因查爾酮合成酶(CHS)基因和花青素合成酶(ANS)基因。PCR擴(kuò)增獲得CHS和ANS全長(zhǎng)分別為894bp和774bp,各自編碼297和257個(gè)氨基酸,都與擬南芥和蕪菁有較高的同源性,這為通過基因工程改變花青苷合成和積累奠定了基礎(chǔ)。(6)應(yīng)用熒光定量PCR (qPCR)技術(shù)分析紫色小白菜葉片花青苷合成關(guān)鍵基因在不同處理天數(shù)和不同的光質(zhì)處理下的表達(dá)情況。與白光相比,光質(zhì)處理前期(5d、10d和15d),B.3R/7B、7R/3B和8R/2B促進(jìn)葉片CHS表達(dá)；整個(gè)處理階段,R不促進(jìn)或不調(diào)控CHS的表達(dá)。光質(zhì)對(duì)F3H的調(diào)控作用具有波動(dòng)性,不是持續(xù)的促進(jìn)或不促進(jìn),不同處理天數(shù)下,光質(zhì)的影響效應(yīng)也會(huì)隨之改變。同樣發(fā)現(xiàn)R、B和R/B光質(zhì)對(duì)DFR基因表達(dá)的調(diào)控有上調(diào)和下調(diào),隨著處理天數(shù)的不同而不斷波動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:Light is an essential external condition to ensure the normal ontogenesis of plants. It can promote the differentiation of plant tissues and organs, and also provide energy for plant photosynthesis. The effect of light on plants is multifaceted. It has an effect on plant light morphogenesis, material synthesis, and gene regulation. The effects of light quality on plant growth and related nutrient content and anthocyanin synthesis, as well as the effect of light quality on anthocyanin synthesis gene were studied, and the effect of light quality on the cultivation of vegetable plants was studied. The Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinensi was used in this paper. S (L.) Makino var. communis Tsen et Lee) variety "Purple crown 1" was used as the test material to clone the key gene of anthocyanin synthesis in the leaves of Chinese cabbage. At the same time, the light intensity and light wavelength were accurately controlled by the LED lamp. The control effect of light quality on the growth of purple white cabbage and anthocyanin synthesis was studied from plant physiological level and gene expression level. The control effect of light quality on the growth of purple white cabbage and anthocyanin synthesis was investigated from plant physiological level and gene expression level. The effect of light quality on the growth of upper and underground parts of purple cabbage, photosynthetic pigment synthesis and anthocyanin synthesis, and the expression level of anthocyanin synthesis key genes were studied in white light (CK). As follows: (1) the effect of light quality on root morphology and root and crown ratio of Chinese cabbage was studied. The results showed that in the early stage of treatment (5,10d), R, B and a certain proportion of R/B could obviously promote the increase of root and crown ratio of plants; after the treatment (20,25d), B and R/B could significantly increase the root crown ratio, and R inhibited the root crown ratio. In the long process, 7R/3B and B significantly increased root mean diameter, root length and root mean volume. R had no influence on root formation or inhibition of root growth. At the later stage of treatment, B, 3R/7B, 7R/3B, 8R/2B all significantly increased root surface area and root volume, and the effect of light quality on the number of root tips and the number of roots did not appear in the early stage. The effect of 25d was significant (P0.05) (2). The effect of light quality on the shoot growth of Chinese cabbage was studied. The results showed that the light quality promoted the thickening of plant stem in the later stage of light quality treatment, of which 3R/7B, 5R/5B, 7R/3B and 9R/1B significantly promoted the thickening of the stem of purple cabbage (P0.05); 3R/7B promoted or displayed. The effect of light quality on the content of some nutrients in the leaves of purple Chinese cabbage was studied. (3) the results showed that R, B and R/B could increase the content of soluble protein in plant leaves; B and a certain proportion of R/B could promote the increase of soluble sugar content, but the effect was not obvious; R and R/B increased significantly Vc when 15d. The content, R, B and R/B later inhibited the increase of Vc. (4) the effects of light quality on the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments and anthocyanins in the leaves of Chinese cabbage were studied. The results showed that R/B significantly increased the content of Chla, R, B promoted the Chlb content of not.3R/7B significantly higher than R, B. The content of.R, B and R/B did not significantly promote the increase of Car content, but the Car content of R/B was the highest. The content of anthocyanin in the early light quality treatment (5,10,15d) decreased; when 15d, the content of anthocyanin was the lowest; the content of anthocyanins in the later period (20 and 25d) increased greatly, and B and R/B increased anthocyanin content, among which the whole treatment stage was the most significant. R did not promote the synthesis of anthocyanin, and the R effect was weaker than that of CK. (5) the key gene of chalcone synthase (CHS) and anthocyanin synthase (ANS) gene from the leaves of purple cabbage leaves were cloned by homologous cloning technology and.PCR amplification of the ANS gene of anthocyanin synthetase (ANS) gene was separated into 894bp and 774bp, each of which encodes 297 and 257 amino acids. Arabidopsis and turnip have high homology, which lays the foundation for the synthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin through genetic engineering. (6) the application of fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) technique to analyze the expression of key genes of anthocyanin synthesis in the leaves of purple Chinese cabbage in different days and different light quality. Compared with white light, the early light quality treatment was compared with white light. (5d, 10d and 15d), B.3R/7B, 7R/3B and 8R/2B promote the expression of CHS in leaves; R does not promote or regulate the expression of CHS at the whole treatment stage. The regulation of light quality to F3H is fluctuant, not continuous promotion or non promotion, and the effect of light quality will also change under different days of treatment. The regulation was increased and decreased, and fluctuated with the number of days.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S634.3

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