本文選題：梅花豬 + 長(zhǎng)白豬��； 參考：《華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：胃饑餓素(Ghrelin)是一種具有調(diào)節(jié)食欲、促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng)激素釋放、促進(jìn)胃酸分泌和調(diào)節(jié)能量穩(wěn)態(tài)等多種生物學(xué)功能的胃腸道內(nèi)分泌激素,主要通過(guò)其功能性受體GHSR-1a發(fā)揮生物學(xué)功能。Ghrelin主要由胃分泌,其分泌細(xì)胞數(shù)量和分泌活性受發(fā)育、環(huán)境(日糧和微生物感染)等多種因素的影響,進(jìn)而影響仔豬的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育。梅花豬是廣東著名的地方品種,由于瘦肉率低、生長(zhǎng)速度慢等特點(diǎn),正逐漸被市場(chǎng)淘汰,面臨滅絕的危機(jī)。長(zhǎng)白豬有瘦肉率高、生長(zhǎng)速度快等優(yōu)點(diǎn),廣受養(yǎng)豬業(yè)的歡迎。為了探究梅花豬和長(zhǎng)白豬這兩個(gè)品種的Ghrelin細(xì)胞數(shù)量和分泌活性的特點(diǎn),我們分別對(duì)相同日齡、處于相同飼養(yǎng)環(huán)境且飼喂相同飼料的梅花豬和長(zhǎng)白豬仔豬胃腸道各個(gè)部位的Ghrelin細(xì)胞數(shù)量以及Ghrelin的表達(dá)進(jìn)行研究。本試驗(yàn)選取30日齡斷奶的純系梅花豬和丹系長(zhǎng)白豬的仔豬為研究對(duì)象,在相同條件(日齡、日糧、飼養(yǎng)環(huán)境相同)下飼養(yǎng)至65日齡,采集血清樣品后屠宰,然后采集胃腸道各部位組織樣品。應(yīng)用免疫組織化學(xué)和免疫熒光的方法對(duì)梅花豬和長(zhǎng)白豬的胃腸道各部位的Ghrelin細(xì)胞進(jìn)行鑒定和計(jì)數(shù),應(yīng)用ELISA的方法檢測(cè)上述兩個(gè)品種仔豬胃腸道組織和血清Ghrelin含量,應(yīng)用熒光定量PCR的方法測(cè)定上述兩個(gè)品種仔豬胃腸道各部位粘膜組織的GHRL、GHSR和GHSR-1a的基因表達(dá)。研究結(jié)果如下:(1)免疫組織化學(xué)和免疫熒光結(jié)果表明,梅花豬和長(zhǎng)白豬仔豬的胃腺體部、胃幽門、十二指腸和空腸都存在Ghrelin細(xì)胞,且Ghrelin細(xì)胞分為開(kāi)放型和封閉型兩種。(2)長(zhǎng)白豬胃幽門的Ghrelin陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞密度顯著高于梅花豬,梅花豬空腸的陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞密度極顯著高于長(zhǎng)白豬。梅花豬空腸的閉合型Ghrelin陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞密度極顯著高于長(zhǎng)白豬。長(zhǎng)白豬胃幽門和十二指腸的開(kāi)放型Ghrelin陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞密度分別極顯著和顯著高于梅花豬,梅花豬空腸的開(kāi)放型陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞密度極顯著高于長(zhǎng)白豬。(3)梅花豬與長(zhǎng)白豬Ghrelin細(xì)胞數(shù)量分布趨勢(shì)一致,都是沿腸道方向遞減。(4)梅花豬在胃腺體部、胃幽門、十二指腸和空腸中閉合型和開(kāi)放型Ghrelin陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞的比例分布為9:1、6:1、4:1和3:1;而長(zhǎng)白豬在胃腺體部、胃幽門、十二指腸和空腸中閉合型與開(kāi)放型陽(yáng)性細(xì)胞的比例分別為9:1、7:3、2:1和7:2。(5)長(zhǎng)白豬仔豬胃腺體部的Ghrelin濃度極顯著高于梅花豬,梅花豬血清、十二指腸和空腸的Ghrelin濃度極顯著高于長(zhǎng)白豬。(6)梅花豬胃腺體部的GHRL表達(dá)水平顯著高于長(zhǎng)白豬。梅花豬與長(zhǎng)白豬GHRL表達(dá)水平趨勢(shì)一致,與Ghrelin細(xì)胞數(shù)量分布趨勢(shì)一致,都是沿腸道方向遞減。(7)長(zhǎng)白豬胃腺體部、胃幽門和空腸的GHSR的表達(dá)水平顯著高于梅花豬。長(zhǎng)白豬空腸的GHSR-1a的表達(dá)水平顯著高于梅花豬。
[Abstract]:Ghrelin is a kind of gastrointestinal endocrine hormone which can regulate appetite, promote the release of growth hormone, promote gastric acid secretion and regulate energy homeostasis. Ghrelin is mainly secreted by stomach through its functional receptor GHSR-1a. The number and activity of secreting cells are affected by many factors, such as development, environment (diet and microbial infection), and then affect the growth and development of piglets. Meihua pig is a famous local breed in Guangdong province. Because of its low lean meat rate and slow growth rate, it is gradually eliminated by the market and is facing the crisis of extinction. Landrace pig has the advantages of high lean meat rate and fast growth rate, and is widely welcomed by pig industry. In order to investigate the characteristics of ghrelin cell number and secretory activity in two breeds of Plum Flower and Landrace, we studied the characteristics of the same age at the same age. The number of ghrelin cells and the expression of ghrelin in different parts of gastrointestinal tract of Plum and Landrace piglets were studied in the same feeding environment. In this experiment, pure-line plum blossom pigs weaned at 30 days of age and piglets of Landrace Landrace piglets were selected as study objects. The piglets were raised to 65 days of age under the same conditions (day age, diet, feeding environment), and serum samples were collected and slaughtered. Then the samples were collected from various parts of the gastrointestinal tract. Ghrelin cells were identified and counted in various parts of the gastrointestinal tract of piggy and Landrace pigs by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The contents of ghrelin in gastrointestinal tissue and serum of these two breeds of piglets were detected by Elisa. The gene expression of GHRLGHSR and GHSR-1a in different parts of gastrointestinal mucosa of the two piglets were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR). The results were as follows: (1) Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence showed that ghrelin cells were present in gastric glands, pylorus, duodenum and jejunum of piggy and Landrace piglets. Ghrelin cells were divided into open type and closed type. (2) the density of ghrelin positive cells in stomach pylorus of Landrace pig was significantly higher than that in plum flower pig, and the density of positive cell in jejunum of plum white pig was significantly higher than that of Landrace pig. The density of closed ghrelin positive cells in jejunum of piggy pigs was significantly higher than that of Landrace pigs. The densities of open ghrelin positive cells in stomach pylorus and duodenum of Landrace pigs were significantly higher than those in piggy pigs. The density of open positive cells in jejunum of piggy pigs was significantly higher than that of Landrace pigs. (3) the distribution of ghrelin cells in Plum and Landrace pigs was the same and decreased along the direction of intestine. The percentages of closed and open ghrelin positive cells in duodenum and jejunum were 9: 1, 6: 1, 4: 1 and 3: 1, respectively. The ratios of closed and open positive cells in duodenum and jejunum were 9: 1: 7: 3: 1 and 7: 2: 1 respectively. (5) ghrelin concentration in stomach gland of Landrace piglets was significantly higher than that in piggy pigs and serum of piggy pigs. Ghrelin concentration in duodenum and jejunum was significantly higher than that in Landrace pig. (6) the expression of GHRL in stomach gland of piggy pigs was significantly higher than that in Landrace pigs. The expression level of GHRL was the same in Pigs and Landrace pigs, and the distribution of GHRL cells was consistent with that of ghrelin cells. (7) the expression of GHSR in stomach gland, pylorus and jejunum of Landrace pigs was significantly higher than that in Pigs. The expression level of GHSR-1a in jejunum of Landrace pig was significantly higher than that in piggy pig.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：S828
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本文編號(hào)：2072255