本文選題：蘋果 + TPS基因家族��； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：T6P(海藻糖6-磷酸)是植物碳水化合物狀態(tài)的指示劑,和蔗糖密切相關(guān),可以作為重要的信號分子參與植物成花誘導。TPS基因家族是T6P生物合成途徑的重要成員。本文對蘋果TPS基因家族成員進行了鑒定,并對其組織特異性表達進行了分析。同時采用蔗糖噴施處理、摘果處理及品種比較,分析MdTPS基因家族成員在不同碳水化合物水平、不同成花情況下的表達模式,以期探究蔗糖及摘果處理對富士成花的影響,揭示MdTPS基因家族成員對富士花芽孕育的生理與分子機制,結(jié)果如下:1.本研究在蘋果中鑒定出13個TPS基因家族成員,進化樹及基因結(jié)構(gòu)分析表明13個TPS成員被分成兩類:MdTPS1、MdTPS2、MdTPS9為Class I亞家族,其余為Class II亞家族;I類TPS基因比II類基因有更多數(shù)量的外顯子和內(nèi)含子。此外,在富士蘋果中克隆得到了3個I類MdTPS基因,即MdTPS1、MdTPS2、MdTPS9。結(jié)果表明MdTPS1、MdTPS2基因序列比基因組中短75bp,MdTPS9基因序列比基因組中長114bp。2.MdTPS基因家族在蘋果中的表達具有組織特異性,MdTPS1和MdTPS2具有相似的表達模式,在莖中表達最高,花中表達最低,而MdTPS9在花中表達量最高,在短枝頂芽中表達量最低。II類MdTPS基因中,MdTPS3、4、6、7、11在果實中表達量最高,MdTPS5、12、13在花中表達量最高,MdTPS8、10在芽中表達量最高,說明這些基因可能參與不同的器官建成。3.蔗糖處理和摘果處理促進了富士短枝頂芽可溶性糖含量的積累,加速了成花誘導階段短枝頂芽的生長,提高了富士成花率。此外,MdTPS家族成員能響應(yīng)蔗糖處理、摘果處理且在易成花品種‘煙富6號’中表達水平更高。MdTPS1、2、4、11與碳水化合物水平及蘋果成花誘導密切相關(guān),可能通過響應(yīng)蔗糖,調(diào)控MdCO、MdSPL2等促進下游花分生組織基因MdLFY、MdAP1來參與蘋果成花誘導。4.MdTPS家族成員啟動子上含有響應(yīng)激素(IAA、GA、ABA、JA和SA等)和光照的順式作用元件,說明MdTPS除了響應(yīng)蔗糖信號,還可能通過響應(yīng)激素或光照參與植物成花途徑。
[Abstract]:T6P (trehalose 6-phosphoric acid) is an indicator of carbohydrate status in plants and is closely related to sucrose. T6P gene family is an important member of T6P biosynthesis pathway. In this paper, the members of apple TPS gene family were identified and their tissue specific expression was analyzed. At the same time, the expression patterns of members of MdTPS gene family under different carbohydrate levels and flowering conditions were analyzed by sucrose spraying, fruit picking and variety comparison, in order to explore the effect of sucrose and fruit picking on Fuji flower formation. To reveal the physiological and molecular mechanism of MdTPS gene family members on Fuji flower bud development, the results are as follows: 1. In this study, 13 members of TPS gene family were identified in apple. The phylogenetic tree and gene structure analysis showed that 13 TPS members were divided into two categories: MdTPS1, MdTPS2 and MdTPS9 as Class I subfamily. There were more exons and introns in the class I TPS gene than in the class II gene. In addition, three class I MdTPS genes were cloned from Fuji apple, I. E. MdTPS1, MdTPS2 and MdTPS9. The results showed that the MdTPS1 / MdTPS2 gene sequence was 75 bp1 mdTPS9 shorter than that in genome 114bp.2.MdTPS gene family had similar expression patterns in apple, and the expression patterns of MdTPS1 and MdTPS2 were the highest in stem and the lowest in flower. The expression of MdTPS9 was the highest in the flower, and the lowest in the short shoot terminal bud. Class II MdTPS gene was the highest in the fruit. It was suggested that these genes might be involved in the formation of different organs. 3. The highest expression level of MdTPS51212O13 in the flower was the highest in the bud, indicating that these genes might be involved in the formation of different organs. 3. The results showed that the MdTPS9 gene expressed the highest amount in the flower and MdTPS810 showed the highest expression in the flower bud, indicating that these genes might be involved in the formation of different organs. Sucrose treatment and fruit picking treatment promoted the accumulation of soluble sugar in Fuji short shoot terminal bud, accelerated the growth of short branch terminal bud in flower induction stage, and increased Fuji flower formation rate. In addition, MdTPS family members were able to respond to sucrose treatment, fruit picking and higher expression level in 'Yanfu 6', which was closely related to carbohydrate level and apple flower induction, which may be related to sucrose response. Regulation of MdCO-MdSPL2 to promote downstream flower meristem gene MdLFYMdAP1 to participate in flowering induction of apple. 4. The promoter of MdTPS family contains the responsive hormones IAAGA-GAABANJA and SA) and the cis-acting elements of light, which indicate that MdTPS not only responds to sucrose signal, but also to light. It is also possible to participate in the floral pathway of plants by responding to hormones or light.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S661.1

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