本文選題：基因編輯 + 鋅指核酸酶�。� 參考：《中國(guó)畜牧獸醫(yī)》2017年08期

【摘要】：基因編輯技術(shù)是一項(xiàng)對(duì)生物體內(nèi)源基因進(jìn)行精準(zhǔn)定點(diǎn)修飾的技術(shù),極大地推動(dòng)了生命科學(xué)的發(fā)展進(jìn)程,是目前生物科學(xué)研究領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用最廣泛的技術(shù)。基因編輯技術(shù)主要包括鋅指核酸酶(ZFN)、類轉(zhuǎn)錄激活因子效應(yīng)物核酸酶(TALEN)和規(guī)律性重復(fù)短回文序列簇(CRISPR/Cas)�；蚓庉嫾夹g(shù)可以特異性識(shí)別靶向序列,定點(diǎn)修飾靶向基因,進(jìn)而深入研究目標(biāo)基因的功能�；蚓庉嫾夹g(shù)具有操作簡(jiǎn)便、作用效率高和脫靶率低等優(yōu)勢(shì),因此廣泛應(yīng)用于生命科學(xué)研究、疾病模型的構(gòu)建、藥物研發(fā)以及農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)等領(lǐng)域。作者主要介紹了ZFN、TALEN、CRISPR/Cas 3種新型基因編輯技術(shù),綜述了基因編輯技術(shù)在基因治療、品種研發(fā)和改良、研究功能基因以及構(gòu)建疾病動(dòng)物模型等方面的應(yīng)用,簡(jiǎn)要討論了基因編輯技術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)轉(zhuǎn)基因技術(shù)之間的區(qū)別,并對(duì)基因編輯技術(shù)的應(yīng)用前景進(jìn)行了展望。
[Abstract]:Gene editing technology is a kind of technology which can modify the gene in vivo accurately. It has greatly promoted the development of life science and is the most widely used technology in the field of biological science research at present. Gene editing techniques include zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN), transcription-activator effector nuclease (TALEN) and regularly repeated short palindromes (CRISPRR / Casanum). Gene editing technique can specifically identify the target sequence and modify the target gene at a fixed point to further study the function of the target gene. Gene editing technology has the advantages of simple operation, high efficiency and low miss rate, so it is widely used in life science research, disease model construction, drug development and agricultural production. In this paper, three new gene editing techniques, ZFNTALENN CRIS PR-Cas, are introduced. The applications of gene editing in gene therapy, variety development and improvement, functional gene research and animal models of disease are reviewed. The difference between gene editing technology and traditional transgenic technology is briefly discussed, and the application prospect of gene editing technology is prospected.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院北京畜牧獸醫(yī)研究所基因與細(xì)胞工程室;
【基金】：國(guó)家轉(zhuǎn)基因生物重大專項(xiàng)重大課題“節(jié)糧型高瘦肉率轉(zhuǎn)基因豬新品種培育”(2016ZX08006-001)
【分類號(hào)】：Q78
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本文編號(hào)：1918034