本文選題：泡桐 + 干旱��； 參考：《河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：泡桐原產(chǎn)我國,是重要的速生用材和綠化樹種,具有重要的經(jīng)濟和生態(tài)價值。我國泡桐種質(zhì)資源豐富,分布廣泛,但種間關(guān)系異常復(fù)雜,目前將泡桐屬分為9種2變種和眾多變異類型。為了了解不同種間泡桐優(yōu)良性狀的分子機制,以及他們之間的親緣關(guān)系。本研究以白花泡桐(Paulownia fortunei)二倍體(PF2)與四倍體(PF4)、毛泡桐(Paulownia tomentosa)二倍體(PT2)與四倍體(PT4)、南方泡桐(Paulownia australis)二倍體(PA2)與四倍體(PA4)和豫雜一號泡桐(Paulownia tomentosa×Paulownia fortunei)二倍體(PTF2)與四倍體(PTF4)以及他們相應(yīng)的干旱處理苗為材料,利用高通量轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序、小RNA測序等手段,從mRNA和miRNA水平綜合分析不同種間泡桐優(yōu)良性狀形成的分子機制,同時在不同分子水平上對他們的遺傳關(guān)系進行分析。主要結(jié)果如下:(1)本研究基于Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer IIx平臺的轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序技術(shù),將獲得序列與白花泡桐基因組進行比對,基因組序列組裝獲得的序列結(jié)果長短相對于轉(zhuǎn)錄組更長,降低了計算強度且提高了注釋的準確性。采用基因組為背景的轉(zhuǎn)錄組序列對16個樣品的轉(zhuǎn)錄組以及miRNA進行鑒定,對4個種泡桐二、四倍體以及相應(yīng)干旱處理的共有和特有基因以及miRNA進行統(tǒng)計分析。通過轉(zhuǎn)錄組分析,從16個樣品中共獲得27178個基因,其中:4個二倍體泡桐樣品中共有25674個基因,4個二倍體干旱處理泡桐樣品中共有25350個基因,4個四倍體泡桐樣品中共有25821個基因,4個四倍體干旱處理泡桐樣品中共有25439個基因。通過miRNA分析,從16個樣品共獲得517個miRNA,其中:4個二倍體泡桐樣品中共有364個miRNA,4個二倍體干旱處理泡桐樣品中共有298個miRNA,4個四倍體泡桐樣品中共有297個miRNA,4個四倍體干旱處理泡桐樣品中共有369個miRNA。在16個樣品二、四倍體干旱脅迫的8組比較中,獲得同時上調(diào)的差異基因127個,在這8個比較中同時下調(diào)的差異基因556個。(2)本研究中,從16個樣品中共獲得27178個基因,其中共表達的有17626個,這些基因在泡桐生長發(fā)育過程普遍存在,通過KEGG數(shù)據(jù)庫對這些共同表達的基因進行富集分析,獲得128條pathway,其中代謝途徑的前三位是RNA降解、嘌呤代謝、剪切酶體。同時分別獲得4組樣品間共有和特有基因和miRNA。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),4個種二、四倍體泡桐在響應(yīng)干旱脅迫基因參與的代謝通路主要集中在:丙酮酸代謝、甘油酯代謝、半乳糖代謝、賴氨酸降解、抗壞血酸代謝、光合作用、光合器官中碳固定、光合作用-天線蛋白和次生代謝物合成等代謝通路。充分說明干旱脅迫對四種泡桐基因表達變化以及調(diào)控相關(guān)基因的影響,為我們更加深刻的了解干旱脅迫對泡桐的影響提供了更多的支持。在干旱脅迫下,在4個種二、四倍體泡桐與干旱處理比較中,雖然有很多共同表達的基因,但是每個泡桐種也都存在單獨表達的基因,通過KEGG對4個泡桐種單獨表達的基因的富集分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),這些單獨存在的基因在他們富集的代謝通路有很大相關(guān)性,同時也存在一定差異。說明4個泡桐種雖然存在單獨存在的基因,但是這些基因在響應(yīng)干旱脅迫的同時,他們之間還是有很大的密切相關(guān)性。(3)從結(jié)果來看,有9552個基因以及422個miRNA用于4個泡桐種間的遺傳分析。采用轉(zhuǎn)錄組以及miRNA的表達變化來對不同種間泡桐進行遺傳相似系數(shù)的計算以及親緣關(guān)系圖的繪制,數(shù)據(jù)量大,序列精確,結(jié)果更加準確,通過對他們遺傳相似系數(shù)的計算我們發(fā)現(xiàn)不同組的比較中他們的遺傳相似系數(shù)雖然發(fā)生一定變化,但是他們之間的親緣關(guān)系比較明確,如果將四個泡桐種分成兩組,白花泡桐、豫雜泡桐和南方泡桐一組,毛泡桐則單獨一組。
[Abstract]:Paulownia is an important fast-growing and greening tree species, which has important economic and ecological value. Paulownia germplasm resources in China are rich and widely distributed, but the relationship between species is very complex. At present, Paulownia is divided into 9 kinds of 2 varieties and many types of variation. In this study, the diploid of Paulownia Paulownia (Paulownia fortunei) (PF2) and tetraploid (PF4), Paulownia tomentosa diploid (PT2) and tetraploid (PT4), Paulownia (Paulownia australis) in southern Paulownia (PA2) and tetraploid (PA4) and Henan No.1 Paulownia Paulownia diploid were used in this study. With the tetraploid (PTF4) and their corresponding drought treated seedlings as materials, using high throughput transcriptome sequencing and small RNA sequencing, the molecular mechanism of the formation of Paulownia traits in different species was analyzed from mRNA and miRNA levels, and their genetic relationships were analyzed at different molecular levels. The main results were as follows: (1) this study The sequence is compared with the genome of Paulownia Paulownia based on the Illumina/Solexa Genome Analyzer IIx platform. The sequence results obtained by the genome sequence assembly are longer than those of the transcriptional group, which reduces the calculation intensity and improves the accuracy of the annotation. The sequence of the transcriptome using the genome as the background is 16 The transcriptional group and miRNA of the samples were identified, and the common and endemic genes and miRNA of the 4 Paulownia two, tetraploid and corresponding droughts were statistically analyzed. Through the transcriptional analysis, 27178 genes were obtained from 16 samples, of which 4 diploid Paulownia samples had 25674 genes and 4 diploid droughts. There are 25350 genes in Paulownia samples and 25821 genes in 4 tetraploid Paulownia samples. There are 25439 genes in the 4 tetraploid Paulownia samples. 517 miRNA were obtained from 16 samples by miRNA analysis. Among them, 4 diploid Paulownia samples were 364 miRNA, 4 diploid Paulownia samples were treated by 298. MiRNA, 4 tetraploid Paulownia samples have 297 miRNA, 4 tetraploid drought treated Paulownia samples have 369 miRNA. in 8 groups of two and tetraploid drought stress, and 127 different genes are up to be up-regulated at the same time. 556 (2) (556) in this study, from 16 samples. 27178 genes were obtained, of which 17626 were co expressed. These genes were ubiquitous in the growth and development of Paulownia. These genes were enriched and analyzed by KEGG database, and 128 pathway were obtained. The first three of the metabolic pathways were RNA degradation, purine metabolites, and shear enzymes. At the same time, 4 groups of samples were obtained. And endemic genes and miRNA. studies found that the metabolic pathways involved in 4 species of two and tetraploid Paulownia in response to drought stress genes mainly focus on pyruvic metabolism, glyceride metabolism, galactose metabolism, lysine degradation, ascorbic acid metabolism, photosynthesis, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organs, photosynthesis - antenna protein and secondary metabolite synthesis. In order to understand the effect of drought stress on four Paulownia gene expression and the regulation of related genes, it provides more support for our understanding of the effect of drought stress on Paulownia. Under drought stress, there are a lot of common bases in the comparison of 4 species two, tetraploid Paulownia and drought treatment. However, each Paulownia species also has a single expressed gene. Through the enrichment analysis of the genes expressed separately by 4 Paulownia species by KEGG, we found that these isolated genes are closely related to their enriched metabolic pathways, and there are certain differences. The 4 Paulownia species, although there is a single gene, exist, but there is a single gene that exists in the Paulownia species, but there is a single gene in the Paulownia species. These genes were closely related to drought stress. (3) from the results, 9552 genes and 422 miRNA were used in the genetic analysis of 4 Paulownia species. The genetic similarity coefficient of Paulownia in different species of Paulownia was calculated by the transcriptional group and the changes of miRNA expression. The data are large, the sequence is accurate and the results are more accurate. Through the calculation of their genetic similarity coefficient, we found that their genetic similarity coefficients in different groups have changed, but their relationship is clear. If four Paulownia species are divided into two groups, Paulownia Paulownia, Paulownia and South Paulownia is a group, and Paulownia is a separate group.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S792.43

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