發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-06 04:15

  本文選題：多抗基因 + 紫花苜蓿��； 參考：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：以新疆大葉苜蓿與其四種轉(zhuǎn)基因苜蓿[轉(zhuǎn)codA基因苜蓿(SC)、轉(zhuǎn)AtNDPK2基因苜蓿(SN)、轉(zhuǎn)IbOr基因苜蓿(SOR)和轉(zhuǎn)AtABF3基因苜蓿(SAF)]為材料,通過(guò)盆栽控制實(shí)驗(yàn),比較研究了土壤水分持續(xù)下降過(guò)程中(土壤含水量從80%FC逐漸下降至40%FC),始花期各株系形態(tài)特征與生理生態(tài)對(duì)干旱脅迫的響應(yīng)及其相互間差異。主要取得如下結(jié)果:(1)充足供水條件下,4種轉(zhuǎn)基因苜蓿形態(tài)表現(xiàn)不同:SC株高顯著最高,根長(zhǎng)較短;SN株高、根長(zhǎng)居中,葉面積顯著最大;SOR和SAF株高顯著最低,根長(zhǎng)顯著最長(zhǎng),且SAF葉面積顯著最小,說(shuō)明不同抗逆基因的表達(dá)對(duì)苜蓿表現(xiàn)型影響不同。(2)階段干旱脅迫后,4種轉(zhuǎn)基因苜蓿總生物量變化不明顯,以SAF和SN較高;除SAF外,根冠比均顯著增加;水分利用效率顯著提高85.84%-142.70%;非轉(zhuǎn)基因苜�？偵锪匡@著降低47.44%,水分利用效率未發(fā)生明顯變化,說(shuō)明轉(zhuǎn)基因苜蓿通過(guò)改變根冠分配、提高水分利用效率以適應(yīng)水分虧缺。(3)在逐漸干旱過(guò)程中,各株系苜蓿葉片相對(duì)含水量、葉綠素總量、凈光合速率、Fv/Fm值均不同程度下降;丙二醛含量和非光化學(xué)淬滅值上升。土壤含水量為40±5%FC時(shí),4種轉(zhuǎn)基因苜蓿葉片相對(duì)含水量、葉綠素總量、凈光合速率、Fv/Fm值均顯著高于非轉(zhuǎn)基因苜蓿,而丙二醛含量和非光化學(xué)淬滅值(SN除外)顯著低于非轉(zhuǎn)基因苜蓿,表明多抗基因在苜蓿中的表達(dá)提高了其在干旱脅迫下的葉片保水能力、改善其光合性能并降低熱耗散、降低膜脂過(guò)氧化的程度,提高了其膜結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定性。(4)綜合分析干旱脅迫下各株系形態(tài)與生理生態(tài)特征及差異,本研究認(rèn)為,SC可維持較高光合活性和光能轉(zhuǎn)化速率,SN具有較強(qiáng)抗氧化能力,SOR能夠維持光合性能的穩(wěn)定性,SAF具有較高的生物量。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang large leaf alfalfa and its four kinds of transgenic alfalfa [transgenic alfalfa with codA gene, AtNDPK2 gene, IbOr gene sod] and AtABF3 gene alfalfa were used as materials, and the pot control experiment was carried out. In the process of soil water continuous decline (soil water content decreased gradually from 80 to 40), the morphological characteristics and physiological and ecological responses to drought stress of each strain at the beginning of flowering and their differences were studied. The main results were as follows: (1) under the condition of sufficient water supply, the plant height of four transgenic alfalfa varieties was significantly highest, the root length was shorter than that of SN plant, the root length was in the middle, the significant maximum leaf area was the highest, the plant height was the lowest, the root length was the longest, and the leaf area was the largest, and the root length was the longest. The leaf area of SAF was the smallest, which indicated that the total biomass of four transgenic alfalfa varieties changed little after drought stress, especially SAF and SN, except for SAF, the ratio of root to shoot increased significantly, except for SAF, the effect of different stress resistance genes on phenotype of alfalfa was different. Water use efficiency (Wue) increased 85.84-142.70, total biomass of non-transgenic alfalfa decreased significantly (47.44), water use efficiency (Wue) did not change significantly, which indicated that transgenic alfalfa changed root and crown distribution. In the process of drought, the relative water content, total chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate (FV / FM) of alfalfa leaves decreased, and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-photochemical quenching value increased. The relative water content, total chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and FV / FM value of four transgenic alfalfa varieties were significantly higher than that of non-transgenic alfalfa. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-photochemical quenching value (SN) were significantly lower than that of non-transgenic alfalfa, indicating that the expression of polyresistance gene in alfalfa increased the water retention ability of leaves under drought stress, improved its photosynthetic performance and reduced heat dissipation. The degree of membrane lipid peroxidation was reduced, and the stability of membrane structure was improved. (4) the morphological, physiological and ecological characteristics and differences of different strains under drought stress were analyzed. The results showed that SC could maintain high photoactivity and light energy conversion rate (SN) with strong antioxidant capacity and stability of photosynthesis.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S541.9

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本文編號(hào)：1850739