本文選題：小麥葉銹病 + 基因推導(dǎo)��； 參考：《中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)》2017年02期

【摘要】：【目的】小麥葉銹病是影響中國小麥產(chǎn)量的重要病害之一,培育持久抗病品種可以經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效地控制該病害。論文通過基因推導(dǎo)結(jié)合系譜分析、分子標(biāo)記及成株抗病鑒定對小麥生產(chǎn)品種中抗病基因進(jìn)行鑒定,從而確定小麥品種中所攜帶的抗病基因�！痉椒ā窟x用18個(gè)小麥葉銹菌菌系(PHGQ、THJT、PHJT、KHJS、PHJS、THTT?、KHHT、FHRT、FHJQ、PHTT、THTT?、PHTT、FHTR、FHHT?、FHHT?、TGGT、FHTT、FGMT)接種36個(gè)已知抗葉銹病基因載體品種和中國的30個(gè)小麥生產(chǎn)品種進(jìn)行苗期抗葉銹病基因推導(dǎo),進(jìn)一步利用9個(gè)與已知抗病基因緊密連鎖的特異性標(biāo)記進(jìn)行標(biāo)記檢測,同時(shí)系譜分析法確定供試小麥品種中所攜帶的已知抗葉銹病基因。為了鑒定小麥品種的成株抗性基因,在2014—2015和2015—2016年度將30個(gè)小麥品種、慢銹對照品種SAAR和感病對照品種鄭州5389種植于河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)小麥試驗(yàn)田和河南周口黃泛區(qū)農(nóng)場試驗(yàn)田,田間用混合生理小種(FHRT、THTT、THJT)接種進(jìn)行成株抗葉銹性鑒定,進(jìn)一步運(yùn)用軟件IBM SPSS Statistics 19.0進(jìn)行方差分析(ANOVA),根據(jù)苗期與成株期的侵染型排除具有主效抗性基因的品種,將田間最終嚴(yán)重度(當(dāng)達(dá)到發(fā)病高峰時(shí)調(diào)查的嚴(yán)重度為最終嚴(yán)重度,final disease severity,FDS)明顯小于或與慢銹對照SAAR無顯著差異的作為慢銹品種,從而篩選出表現(xiàn)慢銹的小麥品種�！窘Y(jié)果】基因推導(dǎo)、系譜分析結(jié)合標(biāo)記檢測結(jié)果表明,30個(gè)小麥生產(chǎn)品種中有4個(gè)品種(鄂恩5號、鄂麥14、陜229和西農(nóng)979)含有抗病基因Lr1,10個(gè)品種(鄂恩1號、鄂恩5號、鄂恩6號、貴農(nóng)16、陜225、陜354、陜715、陜合6號、陜麥509和陜農(nóng)7859)攜帶有抗病基因Lr26,2個(gè)品種(陜225和小偃81)經(jīng)分子標(biāo)記檢測含有慢銹抗病基因Lr46,另外還有3個(gè)品種(西農(nóng)979、陜229和貴農(nóng)16)可能含有基因Lr13,所有供試品種均不含Lr9、Lr10、Lr19、Lr20、Lr24和Lr34抗病基因。根據(jù)2年2點(diǎn)的田間抗葉銹病鑒定篩選出18個(gè)表現(xiàn)慢銹的品種,且方差分析結(jié)果表明各品種間和地點(diǎn)間差異均極顯著,年份間差異顯著,品種與地點(diǎn)間、品種與年份間差異均極顯著,而品種與重復(fù)間和重復(fù)間均不顯著,這表明小麥葉銹病抗性的表達(dá)受基因型和環(huán)境互作共同影響。【結(jié)論】30個(gè)小麥品種中共檢測到Lr1、Lr26、Lr13和Lr46等4個(gè)抗葉銹病基因,其中Lr46為成株抗病基因,通過田間抗性鑒定共檢測出18個(gè)品種可能攜帶成株慢銹基因,所有慢銹材料中可能含有未知成株抗葉銹病基因,需要進(jìn)一步進(jìn)行遺傳鑒定。
[Abstract]:[Objective] wheat leaf rust is one of the most important diseases that affect the yield of wheat in China. The cultivation of persistent disease resistant varieties can be economically and effectively control the disease. This paper identifies the disease base factors in Wheat Varieties by genetic deduction, pedigree analysis, molecular markers and adult strain resistance identification, so as to determine the carrying capacity of wheat varieties. [Methods] 18 wheat leaf rust strains (PHGQ, THJT, PHJT, KHJS, PHJS, THTT?, KHHT, FHRT, FHJQ, PHTT, THTT?) inoculated 36 known resistant gene vector varieties and 30 wheat varieties in China to carry out seedling resistance gene derivation of leaf rust, further utilization of 9 and already In order to identify the plant resistance genes of wheat varieties, 30 wheat varieties, SAAR of slow rust control variety SAAR and Zhengzhou susceptible control variety, Zhengzhou, and the susceptible variety of susceptible varieties in order to identify the plant resistance genes of wheat varieties. 5389 planted in the wheat test field of Agricultural University of Hebei and the experimental field of Zhoukou yellow pan farm in Zhoukou, Henan, the field was inoculated with mixed physiological races (FHRT, THTT, THJT) to identify the leaf rust resistance of adult plants, and the software IBM SPSS Statistics 19 was further used for the analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the main effect resistance was ruled out according to the infection type of the seedling stage and the adult stage. The variety of the gene, the final severity of the field (the severity of the investigation when it reached the peak, the final disease severity, FDS) was significantly less than or with the slow rust control SAAR as a slow rust variety, thus screening the slow rust wheat varieties. [results] gene deduction, pedigree analysis and labeling detection The results showed that 4 of the 30 wheat varieties (een 5, Hubei 14, Shaanxi 229 and Xi Nong 979) contained Lr1,10 varieties of disease resistance genes (een 1, een 5, Huan 6, 16, Shaanxi 225, Shaanxi 354, Shaanxi 715, Shaanxi Gansu Province, Shaanxi Wheat and Shaanxi agriculture). It contains the slow rust resistance gene Lr46, and the other 3 varieties (Xi Nong 979, Shaanxi 229 and Guizhou 16) may contain gene Lr13. All the tested varieties do not contain Lr9, Lr10, Lr19, Lr20, Lr24 and Lr34 resistance genes. 18 varieties of slow rust were screened according to the field resistance of 2 years 2 points, and the analysis of variance showed that the variety and location of the varieties. The differences were significant, the differences were significant between the varieties and sites, and there was no significant difference between varieties and years, but there was no significant difference between variety and repetition and repetition. This indicates that the expression of resistance to wheat leaf rust is affected by genotype and environment interaction. [Conclusion] 30 Wheat Varieties have detected 4 resistance to Lr1, Lr26, Lr13 and Lr46. The leaf rust gene, in which Lr46 is a strain resistant gene, can be detected by field resistance identification and 18 varieties may carry slow rust genes. All slow rust materials may contain unknown adult leaf rust resistance genes, which need further genetic identification.

【作者單位】： 河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)農(nóng)學(xué)院/華北作物種質(zhì)資源研究與利用教育部重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;河北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)植物保護(hù)學(xué)院/河北省農(nóng)作物病蟲害生物防治工程技術(shù)研究中心;保定學(xué)院生物化學(xué)系;
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金(31361140367,31571662) 河北省應(yīng)用基礎(chǔ)研究計(jì)劃重點(diǎn)基礎(chǔ)研究項(xiàng)目(11960145D) 河北省高等學(xué)校自然科學(xué)研究項(xiàng)目(QN2016316)
【分類號】：S512.1

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