本文選題：葡萄果梗 + 果實��； 參考：《河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：葡萄是世界上重要的經(jīng)濟樹種之一。在我國鮮食葡萄占80%以上。葡萄的貯藏期短,在貯藏與運銷過程中易發(fā)生脫粒、腐爛、干梗、褐變等現(xiàn)象。研究表明,葡萄果粒屬于呼吸非躍變型而果梗屬于呼吸躍變型。葡萄在乙烯產(chǎn)生較多的品種中脫粒比較嚴重,乙烯是造成脫粒等采后生理變化的重要原因之一。ACO是高等植物乙烯合成過程中的一個關鍵酶,ETR是乙烯信號傳導過程中的受體蛋白。本研究通過分析湯姆遜無核(易脫落品種)和紅寶石無核(不易脫落品種)兩個品種在果實發(fā)育及采后過程中果粒和果梗的乙烯釋放量,不同ACO及ETR成員的時空表達,來預測ACO及ETR基因在葡萄果實及果梗生長發(fā)育及衰老過程中的作用,為提高葡萄果實貯藏品質(zhì),延長貯藏時間奠定理論基礎。對果實和果梗的乙烯釋放速率測定發(fā)現(xiàn),紅寶石無核和湯姆遜無核的果實在發(fā)育初期和轉(zhuǎn)色期存在乙烯釋放高,果梗乙烯釋放速率高于果實,而且湯姆遜無核果梗在成熟時存在乙烯合成高峰;兩個品種葡萄果�？梢杂梢蚁├T導產(chǎn)生乙烯,而果實則對乙烯利誘導沒有反應。ACO基因家族在紅寶石無核和湯姆遜無核葡萄中的表達存在時間和空間的特異性。ACO和ETR基因家族的大多數(shù)成員基因的表達水平與乙烯釋放速率的變化不相關。在湯姆遜無核和紅寶石無核葡萄中Vv ACO1基因在果實中的轉(zhuǎn)錄水平與乙烯相一致,由此推測VvACO1基因在葡萄果實發(fā)育過程中的起到重要的作用。許多研究都表明ETR基因家族對乙烯的調(diào)控模式為負調(diào)控,本實驗中VvERS2基因在湯姆遜無核和紅寶石無核葡萄果實和果梗中的表達與乙烯合成呈負相關,由此推測VvERS2基因參與葡萄果實的發(fā)育并起到重要的作用。在用乙烯利處理和貯藏期ACO和ETR基因家族的表達與乙烯合成不一致,推測ACO和ETR基因家族在采后受到其他因素的影響。
[Abstract]:Grape is one of the most important economic tree species in the world.Fresh grapevine accounts for more than 80% in China.Grape storage period is short, and it is easy to threshing, rotting, stem stem and browning in the course of storage and marketing.The results showed that grape fruit grains belonged to respiratory non-cataclysmic type and peduncle to respiratory jump type.Grape threshing is more serious in varieties with more ethylene production. Ethylene is one of the important reasons for physiological changes after harvest. ACO is a key enzyme in ethylene synthesis in higher plants. ETR is a receptor protein in ethylene signal transduction process.In this study, the ethylene production of fruit grains and peduncle during fruit development and postharvest process of Thomson seedless (easy to shed) and ruby seedless (not easy to shed) were analyzed, and the spatiotemporal expression of different ACO and ETR members were analyzed.To predict the role of ACO and ETR genes in the growth, development and senescence of grape fruit and peduncle, and to lay a theoretical foundation for improving the storage quality and prolonging the storage time of grape fruit.The ethylene release rates of ruby and Thomson seedless fruits were measured. The ethylene release rate of ruby seedless and Thomson seedless fruits was higher than that of fruit.In addition, Thomson seedless pedicel had a peak ethylene synthesis at maturity, and two grape stalks could produce ethylene by ethephon.The expression of ACO gene family in ruby seedless grape and Thomson seedless grape is time-and spatially specific. ACO and ETR gene family members of the gene family gene expression level and BThere is no correlation between the release rate and the release rate.In Thomson seedless and ruby seedless grapes, the transcription level of VV ACO1 gene in fruit is consistent with that of ethylene, which suggests that VvACO1 gene plays an important role in grape fruit development.Many studies have shown that the regulation of ethylene by ETR gene family is negative. In this experiment, the expression of VvERS2 gene in Thomson seedless and ruby seedless grape fruits and pedicels was negatively correlated with ethylene synthesis.It is inferred that VvERS2 gene is involved in the development of grape fruit and plays an important role.The expression of ACO and ETR gene families was inconsistent with ethylene synthesis during ethephon treatment and storage. It was speculated that the ACO and ETR gene families were affected by other factors after harvest.
【學位授予單位】：河南農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S663.1

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本文編號：1772304