本文選題：玉米 + 抗旱性　； 參考：《西北農林科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：干旱是玉米產量的第一限制因素。增加灌溉設施改善環(huán)境,增強植物適應干旱能力是提高作物抗旱性的主要途徑。認識作物抗旱特性,篩選抗旱品種是解決干旱的有效手段。本研究在我國玉米三大主產區(qū)選擇7個有代表性的地點,選取抗旱性良好的玉米雜交種,于2014-2016年進行了2個水分處理(干旱、灌水)的試驗研究,調查與抗旱性相關農藝性狀、干物質積累量和產量,通過分析抗旱指數(shù)、耐旱指數(shù)和脅迫敏感指數(shù),評價不同玉米品種的抗旱特性,結果如下:1、干旱降低玉米出苗率、SPAD、干物質積累量,增加株高整齊度,延長吐絲散粉間隔期(ASI),陜單609、登海605、中種8號等7個玉米品種抗旱性較好的玉米品種表現(xiàn)為出苗率、干物質積累量高,株高整齊度、ASI較小,SPAD值穩(wěn)定。2、基因型效應、處理效應、試點效應、基因型與處理互作效應、基因型與試點互作效應、基因型與試點及處理互作效應分別占總處理變異的3.77%、20.08%、43.19%、0.81%、11.60%、3.85%,處理、試點、基因型與處理互作、基因型與試點互作、基因型與試點及處理互作分別是基因型效應的5.35、11.46、0.21、3.08、1.05倍,說明不同玉米品種不同地點不同處理之間產量變化較大。3、以產量、變異系數(shù)和GGE雙標圖分析,中種8號、先玉335、偉科702、鄭單958、陜單609、晉單81號等6個品種3個年份的平均產量水平高,變異系數(shù)小,穩(wěn)定性好,屬于高產穩(wěn)產玉米品種。4、以抗旱指數(shù)、耐旱指數(shù)、脅迫敏感指數(shù)和GGE雙標圖分析,晉單81號、先玉335、中種8號、鄭單958、偉科702、陜單609和登海605等7個品種3個年份的抗旱指數(shù)、耐旱指數(shù)高,穩(wěn)定性好,屬于抗旱性較好玉米品種。5、多年多點示范,陜單609產量水平、出苗整齊、ASI小,抗旱性好。6、以直接鑒定和間接鑒定的方法分析參加3年試驗的7個玉米品種的抗旱性,產量和農藝性狀表現(xiàn)都較好的玉米品種有先玉335和陜單609。
[Abstract]:Drought is the first limiting factor in corn yield.Increasing irrigation facilities to improve the environment and the ability of plants to adapt to drought are the main ways to improve the drought resistance of crops.Understanding the drought resistance characteristics of crops and screening drought-resistant varieties are effective means to solve drought.In this study, 7 representative sites were selected in three major maize production areas in China, and maize hybrids with good drought resistance were selected. Two water treatments (drought, irrigation) were carried out in 2014-2016, and the agronomic characters related to drought resistance were investigated.Dry matter accumulation and yield, drought resistance index, drought tolerance index and stress sensitivity index were analyzed to evaluate drought resistance characteristics of different maize varieties. The results were as follows: 1. Drought reduced seedling emergence rate of maize and SPAD, increased dry matter accumulation and increased plant height uniformity.Seven maize varieties with good drought resistance, such as ASIZN, Shandan 609, Denghai 605, Zhongxiao 8, had high seedling emergence rate, high dry matter accumulation, stable SPAD value of smaller ASI value, genotype effect and treatment effect, respectively, in prolonging the interval period between silking and silking, Shandan 609, Denghai 605 and Zhongxiao 8, respectively.Pilot effect, genotype and treatment interaction effect, genotype and pilot interaction effect, genotype and pilot and treatment interaction effect accounted for 3.77% of total treatment variation, respectively. 43.1908% and 0.881% of total treatment variation, treatment, experiment, genotype and treatment interaction, genotype and pilot interaction, genotype and pilot interaction,The effects of genotype, pilot and treatment were 5.35%, 11.466%, 0.21% and 3.08% of genotype effect, respectively, indicating that the yield of different maize varieties varied greatly between different treatments. The yield, coefficient of variation and GGE double map analysis showed that the yield of different maize varieties varied greatly with different treatments.Shenyu 335, Weike 702, Zhengdan 958, Shandan 609 and Jindan 81 had high average yield level, small coefficient of variation and good stability in three years. They belonged to high yield and stable yield maize variety .4. the drought resistance index and drought tolerance index were taken as the index of drought resistance and drought tolerance.Stress sensitive index and GGE double map analysis, Jindan 81, Xianyu 335, Zhongcai 8, Zhengdan 958, Weike 702, Shandan 609 and Denghai 605 had high drought tolerance index and good stability.It belongs to the better drought-resistant maize variety .5. it has been demonstrated for many years, the yield level of Shandan 609 is low, the emergence of seedlings neat and the ASI is small, and the drought resistance is good. The drought resistance of 7 maize varieties that participated in the 3-year experiment was analyzed by direct and indirect identification methods.The maize varieties with better yield and agronomic characters were Xianyu 335 and Shandan 609.
【學位授予單位】：西北農林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S513

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 孫小妹;陳菁菁;陳年來;;基于GGE雙標圖法的西瓜抗旱性鑒定評價方法[J];干旱地區(qū)農業(yè)研究;2017年01期

2 許乃銀;金石橋;李健;;利用GGE雙標圖劃分我國棉花纖維品質生態(tài)區(qū)[J];應用生態(tài)學報;2017年01期

3 許乃銀;李健;;我國主產棉區(qū)棉花纖維品質性狀的區(qū)域分布特征[J];中國生態(tài)農業(yè)學報;2016年11期

4 關小康;楊明達;白田田;韓靜麗;黃潔;王靜麗;王同朝;;適宜深播提高地下滴灌夏玉米出苗率促進苗期生長[J];農業(yè)工程學報;2016年13期

5 薛昌穎;張弘;劉榮花;;黃淮海地區(qū)夏玉米生長季的干旱風險[J];應用生態(tài)學報;2016年05期

6 劉憲鋒;朱秀芳;潘耀忠;李雙雙;劉焱序;;農業(yè)干旱監(jiān)測研究進展與展望[J];地理學報;2015年11期

7 吳冬平;;我國農業(yè)旱情監(jiān)測技術現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展趨勢分析[J];自然災害學報;2015年04期

8 王磊;程本義;鄂志國;楊仕華;;基于GGE雙標圖的水稻區(qū)試品種豐產性、穩(wěn)產性和適應性評價[J];中國水稻科學;2015年04期

9 蘇義臣;蘇桂華;金明華;王秀芬;周洪亮;;GGE雙標圖在玉米區(qū)域試驗中的應用[J];吉林農業(yè)科學;2015年03期

10 王孝華;曹祖波;;我國玉米生產現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展策略[J];農業(yè)科技通訊;2015年05期

相關重要報紙文章 前2條

1 王姣;;歷史上旱災對糧食價格的影響[N];中國證券報;2014年

2 陳鋮;;國外糧食減產引發(fā)農業(yè)熱潮 個股投資需深度挖掘[N];通信信息報;2010年

相關博士學位論文 前5條

1 李海成;水旱災害對糧食生產的影響及風險管理研究[D];東北農業(yè)大學;2016年

2 許乃銀;基于GGE模型的棉花品種生態(tài)區(qū)劃分與試驗環(huán)境評價[D];南京農業(yè)大學;2012年

3 陳志輝;玉米抗旱性QTL定位及抗旱品種選育研究[D];中南大學;2012年

4 李鳳海;玉米抗旱性指標的篩選及其遺傳特性研究[D];沈陽農業(yè)大學;2011年

5 夏彤;中國玉米及相關產業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展研究[D];中國農業(yè)大學;2002年

相關碩士學位論文 前6條

1 廖正巧;基于GGE雙標圖的青貯玉米主要性狀分析[D];四川農業(yè)大學;2015年

2 別蒙;我國玉米全要素生產率及影響因素研究[D];南京農業(yè)大學;2014年

3 王國娟;玉米抗旱品種的篩選及其抗旱機理的研究[D];四川農業(yè)大學;2011年

4 聶俊峰;我國北方干旱災害性分析及減災對策研究[D];西北農林科技大學;2005年

5 陳曉楠;農業(yè)干旱風險分析及對策[D];華北水利水電學院;2005年

6 姜德貴;旱情評價及抗旱減災研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學;2002年

，

本文編號：1751888