綠頭野鴨與北京鴨雜交后代等位基因差異表達分析
本文選題:北京鴨 切入點:綠頭野鴨 出處:《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:從野鴨到北京鴨的馴化過程中其基因組發(fā)生了海量的變異,包括單核苷酸變異(Single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)、短片段插入缺失(indels)和拷貝數(shù)變異(Copy number variation,CNV)等。這些變異可能會導(dǎo)致基因表達量的改變和蛋白編碼的變化。其中,基因表達量的改變由順式調(diào)控元件、反式作用因子和環(huán)境等因素共同影響,這些因素均可能造成北京鴨和野鴨之間基因表達的差異。而雜交后代中,來自雙親的等位基因處于相同的反式作用和環(huán)境下,兩個等位基因的差異表達則主要由受順式調(diào)控造成。因此,雜交后代兩個等位基因之間的表達差異可以反映北京鴨和野鴨順式調(diào)控元件的不同,為快速定位順式調(diào)控的變異奠定了基礎(chǔ)。本研究選取遠緣群體綠頭野鴨和北京鴨構(gòu)建了F2資源群體,研究中所需血液樣本和組織樣本均來源于該F2資源群體。本研究共對雜交后代F1的32個組織樣本(來自3個家系,分3個時間點采集)進行了轉(zhuǎn)錄組測序,并通過生物信息學(xué)軟件和Perl語言編程完成了雜交后代等位基因差異表達的分析。分析結(jié)果如下:(1)32個樣本聚類分析表明不同組織的基因表達模式差異顯著;相同組織內(nèi)不同時期的樣本表達模式雖然比較相近,但1日齡的樣本單獨聚在一支,19日齡和35日齡的樣本之間沒有明顯的區(qū)分;不同性別的樣本基因表達模式相近,雌性和雄性個體的基因表達數(shù)據(jù)并沒有明顯的區(qū)分。(2)腹脂、肝臟、皮膚、脾、法氏囊、腦、肺、胸腺、心共9個組織的混合樣品中有624個基因為差異表達的等位基因,占基因總數(shù)的3.8%,其中部分基因和脂代謝、細胞連接有關(guān)。(3)在16個雜交后代胸肌樣本中鑒定出577個,占基因總數(shù)的3.5%,其中2號染色體上的OBSCN、MYL3基因,7號染色體上的NEB基因,19號染色體上的MYH3,27號染色體上MYBPH等基因的產(chǎn)物都是肌肉組織的重要組成部分。綜上,等位基因差異表達現(xiàn)象在鴨子中是廣泛存在的,雜交后代中差異表達等位基因的順式調(diào)控元件在馴化過程中可能發(fā)生了改變。順式調(diào)控序列改變對基因表達的影響,可能最終導(dǎo)致了馴化過程中豐富的表型變異。另外,本研究揭示了順式調(diào)控可能在鴨子的馴化過程中發(fā)揮重要作用,為鴨子馴化過程中受選擇基因的鑒定和鴨子基因組的進一步解析奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:In the course of domestication from wild duck to Beijing duck, there were a lot of variations in their genomes, including single nucleotide polymorphismSNPs, short fragment insertion deletion in dels, copy number variation and so on.These variations may lead to changes in gene expression and protein coding.The changes of gene expression were affected by the cis-regulatory elements, trans-action factors and environmental factors. These factors may result in the difference of gene expression between Peking duck and wild duck.In the hybrid progeny, the alleles from both parents were in the same trans action and environment, and the differential expression of the two alleles was mainly caused by cis regulation.Therefore, the difference of expression between the two alleles can reflect the difference of cis-regulatory elements between Peking duck and wild duck, which lays a foundation for rapid localization of cis regulation variation.In this study, a F2 resource population was constructed from the distant populations of mallard duck and Beijing duck. The blood samples and tissue samples were obtained from the F2 resource population.In this study, 32 tissue samples (from 3 families, collected at 3 time points) of F1 were sequenced.The allelic differential expression of hybrid offspring was analyzed by bioinformatics software and Perl programming.The results were as follows: (1) 32 samples cluster analysis showed that there were significant differences in gene expression patterns among different tissues, while the expression patterns of different samples in the same tissues were similar at different stages.However, there was no significant difference between the samples of 19 and 35 days of age, and the gene expression patterns of the samples of different genders were similar, and the gene expression data of female and male individuals had no significant difference between them.In the liver, skin, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, brain, lung, thymus and heart, there are 624 alleles which are differentially expressed alleles, accounting for 3.8% of the total genes, some of which are genes and lipid metabolism.A total of 577 breast muscle samples from 16 hybrid progenies were identified.The products of OBSCN MYL3 gene on chromosome 2, NEB gene on chromosome 7, MYH330 gene on chromosome 19 and MYBPH gene on chromosome 27 are important components of muscle tissue.In conclusion, allelic differential expression is widespread in ducks, and the cis-regulatory elements of differentially expressed alleles may be changed during acclimation.The effect of cis regulation sequence change on gene expression may eventually lead to abundant phenotypic variation during acclimation.In addition, this study revealed that cis-regulation may play an important role in duck acclimation, which lays a foundation for the identification of selected genes and further analysis of duck genome during duck acclimation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:S834
【相似文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 周俊,周廣生,王蓉;綠頭野鴨的經(jīng)濟價值與市場前景[J];當代畜牧;2001年01期
2 黃玉保,袁仁長;綠頭野鴨飼養(yǎng)新技術(shù)[J];湖南畜牧獸醫(yī);2001年01期
3 曾建斌;綠頭野鴨的經(jīng)濟價值及飼養(yǎng)技術(shù)[J];農(nóng)村科技開發(fā);2001年05期
4 王守忠;綠頭野鴨疫苗接種程序及操作要領(lǐng)[J];四川畜牧獸醫(yī);2002年01期
5 李巧麗,熊家軍;美國綠頭野鴨養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)[J];養(yǎng)殖與飼料;2002年05期
6 唐雪良;綠頭野鴨[J];中國農(nóng)村小康科技;2003年07期
7 凌志勇 ,華香;家養(yǎng)綠頭野鴨[J];中國農(nóng)村小康科技;2003年09期
8 吳艷玲,呂樹臣,王春青;綠頭野鴨高效育肥[J];吉林畜牧獸醫(yī);2004年02期
9 張聯(lián)合;優(yōu)質(zhì)珍禽——美國綠頭野鴨[J];農(nóng)村百事通;2004年19期
10 張聯(lián)合;美國綠頭野鴨育雛技術(shù)[J];農(nóng)技服務(wù);2005年10期
相關(guān)會議論文 前1條
1 吳金成;張海山;鄒文廣;尹福泉;蘇瑛;;綠頭野鴨與三元雜交鴨屠宰性能的比較分析[A];中國家禽科學(xué)研究進展——第十四次全國家禽科學(xué)學(xué)術(shù)討論會論文集[C];2009年
相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前10條
1 黃祥生;美國綠頭野鴨[N];福建科技報;2005年
2 劉淑新;美國綠頭野鴨飼養(yǎng)技術(shù)[N];廣東科技報;2000年
3 凌志勇 華香;家養(yǎng)綠頭野鴨[N];廣東科技報;2003年
4 單妍;綠頭野鴨養(yǎng)殖[N];中國特產(chǎn)報;2004年
5 檀志揚;懷寧農(nóng)業(yè)新技術(shù)新品種促農(nóng)增收[N];安慶日報;2010年
6 丁衛(wèi)星;《鷓鴣、綠頭野鴨養(yǎng)殖必讀》出版[N];山西經(jīng)濟日報;2002年
7 劉淑新;美國綠頭野鴨飼養(yǎng)管理技術(shù)[N];北京科技報;2000年
8 ;綠頭野鴨養(yǎng)殖技術(shù)[N];中國畜牧獸醫(yī)報;2007年
9 上海綠洲經(jīng)濟動物科技公司 龔泉福;我國特禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)市場態(tài)勢(上)(待續(xù))[N];廣東科技報;2001年
10 薛勇;綠頭野鴨飼養(yǎng)管理[N];湖北科技報;2003年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 岳志剛;綠頭野鴨肌肉抑制素基因多態(tài)性及其與生產(chǎn)性能的關(guān)聯(lián)性研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2010年
2 吳艷玲;綠頭野鴨不同生長階段適宜蛋白水平的研究[D];延邊大學(xué);2006年
,本文編號:1716832
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/kejilunwen/jiyingongcheng/1716832.html