本文選題：HBB　切入點(diǎn)：MC5R　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究探討了綿羊HBB基因和MC5R基因的變異及其遺傳效應(yīng)。以不同地域的6個蒙系綿羊群體(湖羊、小尾寒羊、廣靈大尾羊、灘羊、蘇尼特羊和烏珠穆沁羊)和3個藏系綿羊群體(山谷型藏羊、歐拉型藏羊和高原型藏羊)為研究對象,利用DNA混合池法檢測HBB基因和MC5R基因的SNP位點(diǎn)。采用直接測序法進(jìn)行基因分型,分析HBB基因SNP位點(diǎn)等位基因頻率和單倍型頻率與海拔高度間的關(guān)系、MC5R基因SNP位點(diǎn)等位基因頻率和單倍型頻率與環(huán)境溫度間的關(guān)系以及這兩個基因SNP位點(diǎn)基因型和單倍型對湖羊產(chǎn)羔數(shù)的遺傳效應(yīng)。同時,從GenBank公共數(shù)據(jù)庫收集了30個物種的HBB基因和36個物種MC5R基因的CDS序列,分析不同物種間相同基因的相似性、系統(tǒng)發(fā)生關(guān)系和選擇方向;檢測基因SNP位點(diǎn)在綿羊不同群體間的選擇壓力。旨在為深入研究HBB基因和MC5R基因的功能奠定基礎(chǔ),也為利用HBB基因和MC5R基因的分子標(biāo)記進(jìn)行綿羊產(chǎn)羔數(shù)的選育提供理論依據(jù)。研究結(jié)果如下:1.HBB基因共檢測到22個SNP位點(diǎn),其中8個SNP位點(diǎn)為非同義替換位點(diǎn),即g.1087AT、g.1088AC、g.1111CG、g.1136AG、g.1162AG、g.1164GA、g.1165AC和g.1247TA位點(diǎn)。MC5R基因共檢測到16個SNP位點(diǎn),其中6個SNP位點(diǎn)為非同義替換位點(diǎn),分別是g.625CT、g.1947GA、g.2028TA、g.2292GA、g.2451GA和g.2478GA位點(diǎn)。2.種間選擇性檢驗(yàn)表明HBB基因和MC5R基因均受到強(qiáng)烈的正選擇作用。HBB基因編碼的氨基酸序列中顯著受到正選擇的位點(diǎn)有9個(5A、9A、12T、50S、52D、69D、87Q、116R、125V);MC5R基因編碼的氨基酸序列中顯著受到正選擇的位點(diǎn)有8個(31L、32H、42E、45L、47G、51R、83G、341T)。3.種內(nèi)群體間的選擇性檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明HBB基因g.1164GA位點(diǎn)受到平衡選擇的作用,該變異可引起氨基酸序列中蛋氨酸替換為纈氨酸;MC5R基因g.2028TA位點(diǎn)受到強(qiáng)烈的正選擇作用,該變異可引起氨基酸序列中異亮氨酸替換為天冬酰胺。4.分析HBB基因22個SNP位點(diǎn)的等位基因頻率和單倍型頻率與9個綿羊群體生存環(huán)境海拔間的關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)g.1136AG位點(diǎn)的等位基因頻率與海拔高度顯著相關(guān)(P0.05),而位點(diǎn)g.787CT、g.800GA、g.809CG、g.889GA、g.956CT、g.957AG、g.958GA、g.968TC、g.1007TA、g.1020TA、g.1021CT、g.1087AT、g.1088AC、g.1111CG、g.1162AG、g.1165AC、g.1173CT和g.1176TC這18個位點(diǎn)的等位基因頻率與海拔高度極顯著相關(guān)(P0.01)。在這些與海拔相關(guān)的位點(diǎn)中,g.1087AT、g.1088AC、g.1111CG、g.1136AG、g.1162AG和g.1165AC位點(diǎn)為非同義替換位點(diǎn)。此外,HBB基因有2種單倍型即H1和H3的頻率與海拔高度顯著相關(guān)(P0.05)。5.分析MC5R基因16個SNP位點(diǎn)的等位基因頻率和單倍型頻率與蒙系綿羊6個群體生存環(huán)境的年平均溫度間的關(guān)系,結(jié)果表明MC5R基因的16個SNP位點(diǎn)的等位基因頻率和單倍型頻率與年平均溫度之間沒有顯著的相關(guān)性(P0.05)。6.對湖羊群體HBB基因和MC5R基因的SNP位點(diǎn)的基因型、單倍型與產(chǎn)羔數(shù)進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián)分析,結(jié)果表明HBB基因g.1164GA位點(diǎn)的基因型對第3胎產(chǎn)羔數(shù)有顯著的遺傳效應(yīng)(P0.05),其中GG基因型個體的產(chǎn)羔數(shù)比GA基因型和AA基因型分別高出0.53頭和0.49頭;HBB基因SNP位點(diǎn)的單倍型對第3胎產(chǎn)羔數(shù)有顯著的遺傳效應(yīng)(P0.05)。MC5R基因g.2393AG位點(diǎn)的基因型對第3胎產(chǎn)羔數(shù)有顯著的遺傳效應(yīng)(P0.05),AA基因型個體的產(chǎn)羔數(shù)比AG基因型高出0.72頭,而單倍型對產(chǎn)羔數(shù)的遺傳效應(yīng)不顯著(P0.05)。綜上所述,HBB基因在綿羊中受到平衡選擇作用,MC5R基因在蒙系綿羊中受到正選擇作用。HBB基因中與海拔顯著相關(guān)的6個非同義替換位點(diǎn)與綿羊適應(yīng)高海拔低氧環(huán)境有關(guān)。湖羊HBB基因g.1164GA位點(diǎn)和MC5R基因g.2393AG位點(diǎn)的變異與湖羊多羔性狀有關(guān)。
[Abstract]:This study explores the variation and genetic effects of sheep HBB gene and MC5R gene. In 6 Mongolian sheep population in different regions (sheep, small tail Han sheep, Guangling sheep, Tan sheep, Sunite sheep and ujumqin sheep) and 3 Tibetan sheep populations (valley type Tibetan sheep and Tibetan sheep plateau type of Tibetan sheep) as the research object, SNP loci HBB and MC5R gene by DNA method. The mixed pool were genotyped by direct sequencing and analysis of the relationship between HBB gene SNP allele frequencies and haplotype frequency and elevation, the genetic effect of the relationship between MC5R gene SNP allele frequency and haplotype frequency and environmental temperature as well as between the two gene SNP genotype and haplotype on Hu littersize. At the same time, collected from the public database of GenBank HBB gene of 30 species and 36 species of MC5R CDS gene sequence analysis The similarity among species of the same gene, phylogenetic relationships and selection of direction; detection of SNP gene loci in the selection pressure between different groups of sheep. In order to lay a foundation for further research on HBB gene and MC5R gene function, but also provide a theoretical basis for breeding for fecundity of sheep by using molecular marker HBB gene and MC5R gene. The results are as follows: 1.HBB gene were detected in 22 SNP loci, 8 SNP loci were non synonymous substitutions, namely g.1087AT, g.1088AC, g.1111CG, g.1136AG, g.1162AG, g.1164GA, g.1165AC and g.1247TA loci of.MC5R gene of 16 SNP loci were detected, including 6 SNP loci for non synonymous substitutions, are g.625CT, g.1947GA, g.2028TA, g.2292GA, g.2451GA and g.2478GA loci.2. interspecific selective test showed that HBB gene and MC5R gene were subjected to positive selection effect of.HBB gene encoding the amino acid sequence of the strong Was subject to positive selection 9 loci (5A, 9A, 12T, 50S, 52D, 69D, 87Q, 116R, 125V); the amino acid sequence of MC5R gene encoding significantly under positive selection 8 loci (31L, 32H, 42E, 45L, 47G, 51R, 83G, 341T) results selection of.3. test among populations within species showed that the HBB gene g.1164GA locus by balancing selection. This mutation can cause methionine amino acid sequence replaced by valine; MC5R g.2028TA gene is under positive selection of strong, can cause the variation of amino acid sequence to replace the relationship between isoleucine asparagine.4. analysis of 22 SNP loci of HBB gene the allele frequencies and haplotype frequencies of 9 sheep populations in the living environment of the elevation, found that the g.1136AG allele frequency was significantly correlated with altitude (P0.05), and g.800GA, g.809CG, g.787CT loci, g.889GA, g.956CT, g.957AG, g.958GA, g.968TC, g.1007 TA, g.1020TA, g.1021CT, g.1087AT, g.1088AC, g.1111CG, g.1162AG, g.1165AC, g.1173CT and g.1176TC of the 18 allele frequency was significantly correlated with altitude (P0.01). In these sites related with altitude, g.1087AT, g.1088AC, g.1111CG, g.1136AG, g.1162AG and g.1165AC loci for non synonymous substitutions. In addition, there are 2 kinds of haplotype frequency and elevation of H1 and H3 was highly related to the HBB gene (P0.05).5. analysis of the relationship between the annual average temperature of 16 SNP loci of MC5R gene allele and haplotype frequencies of Mongolian sheep and 6 populations living environment. The results show that 16 SNP loci of MC5R gene the allele frequencies and haplotype frequencies are not significantly correlated with mean annual temperature (P0.05) type.6. gene SNP locus in Hu sheep population HBB gene and MC5R gene, haplotype association analysis and litter size, node The results show that the HBB genotype of g.1164GA gene had significant genetic effect on litter size (third P0.05), the litter size of GG genotype than GA and AA genotypes were higher than 0.53 and 0.49; HBB SNP gene haplotypes had significant genetic effect on litter size third (P0.05).MC5R genotype of g.2393AG gene had significant genetic effect on litter size (third P0.05), litter size of AA genotype AG genotype was 0.72 higher than the head, but there was no significant genetic effect of haplotypes on litter size (P0.05). In conclusion, the HBB gene by balancing selection in sheep in the MC5R gene is under positive selection in the.HBB gene significantly correlated with elevation of 6 non synonymous substitutions and sheep to adapt to high altitude hypoxia environment in Mongolian sheep. Sheep HBB gene g.1164GA mutation site and MC5R gene g.2393AG sites Related to sheep lamb traits.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S826

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前7條

1 阮洪玲;項(xiàng)露頡;白曼;孫麗敏;馬龍;姜懷志;;乾華肉用美利奴羊血紅蛋白多態(tài)性的研究[J];中國草食動物科學(xué);2016年03期

2 Ruoxi Fan;Fei Liu;Hong Wu;Shifang Wu;Chunling Zhu;Yan Li;Guodong Wang;Yaping Zhang;;A Positive Correlation between Elevated Altitude and Frequency of Mutant Alleles at the EPAS1 and HBB Loci in Chinese Indigenous Dogs[J];Journal of Genetics and Genomics;2015年04期

3 李曉曉;趙煥英;楊云廷;徐舒;徐志卿;;三種人全血基因組DNA提取方法的比較[J];現(xiàn)代生物醫(yī)學(xué)進(jìn)展;2013年27期

4 張亞南;樊廷俊;徐彬;荊昭;;動物呼吸蛋白的研究進(jìn)展[J];山東大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(理學(xué)版);2009年09期

5 袁青妍,謝莊;動物對高原低氧的適應(yīng)性研究進(jìn)展[J];生理科學(xué)進(jìn)展;2005年02期

6 楊廣禮,羅玉柱;小尾寒羊血液蛋白多態(tài)性與多羔性研究[J];甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2004年04期

7 于洪川,魏智清,張振漢,張慧茹,王f，

本文編號：1704523