本文選題：稻瘟病菌　切入點(diǎn)：過(guò)氧化物酶體　出處：《浙江師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae)是子囊菌亞門(mén)絲狀真菌,可引起水稻重要病害——稻瘟病。同時(shí),稻瘟病菌還是植物病原真菌研究模式生物,其致病機(jī)理研究是植物病理學(xué)的重要組成部分。過(guò)氧化物酶體是稻瘟病菌細(xì)胞中的重要細(xì)胞器,參與細(xì)胞中脂肪酸β-氧化、磷脂合成以及活性氧代謝等重要機(jī)制。過(guò)氧化物酶體的的合成,分化,遺傳至少需要32個(gè)蛋白,我們稱這些蛋白為peroxins,編碼這些蛋白的基因稱為PEX基因。過(guò)氧化物酶體對(duì)接復(fù)合體是由Pex13p、 Pex14p和Pex17p三個(gè)蛋白組成的。稻瘟病菌中有Pex13p、Pex14p,但是卻沒(méi)有Pex17p的同源蛋白,而是存在1個(gè)類(lèi)似于Pex14p與Pex17p蛋白的Mopex33p,它具有與Pex14p高度同源的保守N末端,同時(shí)C端存在一段類(lèi)似于酵母Pex17p的螺旋區(qū)域。研究顯示,過(guò)氧化物酶體不僅在不同物種和不同組織中有顯著差異,而且可以根據(jù)環(huán)境刺激改變過(guò)氧化物酶體數(shù)量和蛋白。目前發(fā)現(xiàn),與過(guò)氧化物酶體增殖相關(guān)基因有PEX1l家族,PEX23家族。在稻瘟病菌中,含有PEX23家族的同源蛋白,分別為Mopex23p和Mopex24p。為了了解稻瘟病菌中MoPEX33、MoPEX23和MoPEX24三個(gè)基因的生物學(xué)功能及其作用機(jī)制,本文對(duì)MoPEX33、MoPEX23和MoPEX24展開(kāi)了研究,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)突變體△mopex33-4中過(guò)氧化物酶體基質(zhì)蛋白部分PTS1基質(zhì)蛋白不能正確定位；致病性分析結(jié)果顯示△mopex33-4的致病性顯著減弱,但仍有一定的致病性,致病侵染結(jié)果也顯示其侵染進(jìn)程減慢：△mopex33-4的生長(zhǎng)速率輕微減弱,氣生菌絲減少,產(chǎn)孢量下降,孢子萌發(fā)、附著胞形成延遲,附著胞內(nèi)甘油膨壓降低,對(duì)脂肪酸代謝能力下降,細(xì)胞壁完整性降低,活性氧耐受能力降低,因此我們認(rèn)為MoPEX33基因是過(guò)氧化物酶體基質(zhì)蛋白的正常運(yùn)輸所必需且對(duì)稻瘟菌的致病性具有一定的影響；而MoPEX23和MoPEX24的缺失對(duì)稻瘟病菌無(wú)顯著影響,推測(cè)絲狀真菌稻瘟病菌過(guò)氧化物酶體增殖模式與酵母不同。
[Abstract]:Rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is a filamentous fungus of ascomycetes, which can cause rice blast. Peroxisome is an important organelle in rice blast fungus cells, which is involved in 尾 -oxidation of fatty acids. Phospholipid synthesis and reactive oxygen metabolism are important mechanisms. The synthesis, differentiation and heredity of peroxisome require at least 32 proteins. We call these proteins peroxins.The genes that encode these proteins are called PEX genes. The peroxisome docking complex is made up of three proteins, Pex13, Pex14, and Pex17p. Instead, there is a Mopex33psimilar to Pex14p and Pex17p protein, which has a conserved N terminal with high homology with Pex14p, and a helical region similar to yeast Pex17p. Peroxisome not only varies significantly in different species and tissues, but also changes the number and protein of peroxisome in response to environmental stimuli. The genes related to peroxisome proliferation include the PEX1l family, the pex 23 family, and the homologous proteins of the PEX23 family, Mopex23p and Mopex24p. in order to understand the biological function and the mechanism of the three genes, MoPEX33, MoPEX23 and MoPEX24, in rice blast fungus. In this paper, we studied MoPEX33, MoPEX23 and MoPEX24, and found that some PTS1 matrix proteins of peroxisome matrix protein in mutant mopex33-4 could not be located correctly, and pathogenicity analysis showed that the pathogenicity of mopex33-4 was significantly weakened, but it still had some pathogenicity. The result of pathogenic infection also showed that the infection process was slowed down: the growth rate of mopex33-4 decreased slightly, the hyphal production decreased, the spore germination, the formation of attachment cell delayed, the pressure of glycerol in attachment cell decreased, and the metabolic ability of fatty acid decreased. The integrity of cell wall was decreased, and the ability of reactive oxygen species tolerance was decreased. Therefore, we believe that MoPEX33 gene is necessary for the normal transport of peroxisome matrix proteins and has a certain effect on the pathogenicity of rice blast fungus. However, the absence of MoPEX23 and MoPEX24 had no significant effect on rice blast fungus, suggesting that the peroxisome proliferation pattern of filamentous fungi was different from that of yeast.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S435.111.41

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本文編號(hào)：1597576