本文關(guān)鍵詞： 肉牛 MC4R LEPR HSL LPL SCD 多態(tài)性 SNPs 肉質(zhì)性狀 關(guān)聯(lián)分析　出處：《延邊大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：本研究以魯西牛、南陽(yáng)牛、延黃牛以及延邊牛4個(gè)品種肉牛群體共計(jì)356個(gè)體為材料,采用序列分析技術(shù)結(jié)合生物信息學(xué)方法,研究了影響牛脂肪代謝的MC4R、LEPR、HSL、LPL、SCD等5個(gè)候選基因部分基因座位的SNP位點(diǎn),探討了試驗(yàn)牛群的遺傳結(jié)構(gòu)和遺傳多樣性;并對(duì)157頭延邊牛在上述位點(diǎn)的肉質(zhì)性狀指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了相關(guān)性分析,以期篩選出顯著影響肉牛肉質(zhì)性狀的功能基因或分子標(biāo)記,為肉牛種質(zhì)資源保存與利用和延邊牛高效選育提供遺傳學(xué)依據(jù)。試驗(yàn)得到以下主要結(jié)果:1、在HSL基因發(fā)現(xiàn)7處突變,四個(gè)試驗(yàn)牛群體在1208bp、1537bp、1574bp、1729bp、1740bp、1869bp、與1921bp處的突變均處于中度多態(tài)和低度多態(tài)。其中,1729bpA→G的突變導(dǎo)致編碼蛋白的氨基酸由谷氨酰胺突變?yōu)榫彼?1740bpT→C的突變導(dǎo)致絲氨酸突變?yōu)楦彼?1869bpA→G的突變導(dǎo)致纈氨酸突變?yōu)楫惲涟彼?1921bpA→G的突變導(dǎo)致谷氨酸突變?yōu)橘嚢彼�。與延邊牛肉質(zhì)性狀相關(guān)分析表明:1208bp A→C位點(diǎn)與眼肌面積、系水力、亮度、肉豆寇酸、油酸、亞油酸、亞麻酸、絲氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、異亮氨酸、亮氨酸、賴氨酸呈顯著相關(guān)顯著相關(guān);1537bpA→C位點(diǎn)與蒸煮損失、滴水損失、黃色度顯著相關(guān);1729bp A→G位點(diǎn)與宰前活重、胴體重、背膘厚、肉豆寇酸、棕櫚酸、亞油酸、絲氨酸、精氨酸、賴氨酸顯著相關(guān);1921bp A→G位點(diǎn)與宰前活重、胴體重、肉豆寇酸、亞油酸、亞麻酸、絲氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、異亮氨酸、亮氨酸、脯氨酸、賴氨酸顯著相關(guān)。2、在LPL基因329bp的A→T突變?cè)谘舆吪Ｈ后w中處于中度多態(tài),其余牛群體均處于低度多態(tài);該突變引起蘇氨酸突變?yōu)榻z氨酸,與延邊牛眼肌面積、蒸煮損失、滴水損失、PH、肉豆蔻酸、亞油酸、絲氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、賴氨酸顯著相關(guān);3、在LEPR基因2831bp的C→T突變?cè)谒膫�(gè)牛群體中均處于中度多態(tài),使蘇氨酸突變?yōu)榈鞍彼?引起了疏水性結(jié)構(gòu)改變,導(dǎo)致蛋白質(zhì)二級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)在第940處左右出現(xiàn)一個(gè)α螺旋丟失、β折疊增加,改變了三級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)中α螺旋、β轉(zhuǎn)角的空間位置,經(jīng)相關(guān)分析表明該位點(diǎn)與延邊牛背膘厚、眼肌面積、蒸煮損失顯著相關(guān)。4、在MC4R基因1069bp發(fā)現(xiàn)C→G的突變?cè)谒膫�(gè)牛群體中屬于中度多態(tài),引起亮氨酸突變?yōu)槔i氨酸,疏水性結(jié)構(gòu)改變,導(dǎo)致蛋白質(zhì)二級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)在166、243、281處出現(xiàn)α螺旋丟失、β折疊丟失,三級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)中β轉(zhuǎn)角的空間位置發(fā)生改變。相關(guān)分析表明該位點(diǎn)與延邊牛背膘厚、亮度、黃色度、肉豆蔻酸、亞油酸及亞麻酸顯著相關(guān)。5、在SCD基因發(fā)現(xiàn)3處突變?cè)谒膫�(gè)牛群體中均處于中度多態(tài)。其中,1022bp處的突變使編碼蛋白的氨基酸由丙氨酸突變?yōu)槔i氨酸,導(dǎo)致了疏水性結(jié)構(gòu)改變,表現(xiàn)為纈氨酸編碼蛋白的疏水性高于丙氨酸編碼蛋白的疏水性;引起蛋白質(zhì)二級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)在第291處出現(xiàn)α螺旋的丟失、無規(guī)則卷曲丟失,289處出現(xiàn)β折疊丟失,但蛋白質(zhì)三級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)沒有變化。相關(guān)分析表明846bp A→G的突變與延邊牛宰前活重、胴體重、背膘厚、硬脂酸、亞油酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸含量顯著相關(guān),而1022 bpC→T的突變與天冬氨酸、酪氨酸、硬脂酸含量顯著相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:In this study, Luxi cattle, Nanyang cattle, Yanbian cattle and cattle extension of 4 varieties of beef cattle population a total of 356 individuals were analyzed using the technique combined with bioinformatics sequence, study the influence of bovine fat metabolism of MC4R, LEPR, HSL, LPL, part of 5 candidate genes SCD and SNP loci for seats. To test their genetic structure and genetic diversity; and the 157 Yanbian cattle in the site of meat quality traits were analyzed, in order to select the significant influence of cattle meat quality traits of functional genes or molecular markers to provide the genetic basis for germplasm preservation and utilization of beef cattle and Yanbian cattle breeding efficiency. The main results are as follows: 1, the test found 7 mutations in the HSL gene, four experimental cattle population in 1208bp, 1537bp, 1574bp, 1729bp, 1740bp, 1869bp, and 1921bp of the mutations were in the moderate multi state and low polymorphism. Among them, 17 29bpA and G mutations cause amino acid encoding protein from glutamine to arginine mutation, 1740bpT mutation, C mutation leads to serine proline, 1869bpA and G mutation causes a valine mutation to isoleucine, 1921bpA and G mutations lead to glutamate mutated to lysine. Show and Yanbian beef quality traits correlation analysis: 1208bp A to C sites and eye muscle area, waterholdingcapacity, brightness, myristic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, isoleucine, leucine, correlated significantly related to lysine; 1537bpA and C loci and cooking loss, drip loss, yellowness was significantly related to G; 1729bp A site and slaughter weight, carcass weight, backfat thickness, myristic acid, palmitic acid, linoleic acid, serine, arginine and lysine were significantly related to A and 1921bp; G locus and slaughter weight, carcass weight, myristic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, silk Arginine, glycine, alanine, isoleucine, leucine, proline and lysine were significantly related to.2, 329bp, A in LPL gene T mutation was moderate polymorphism in Yanbian cattle population, the rest are in low polymorphism; the mutation of threonine to serine mutation, and Yanbian bovine muscle area, cooking loss, drip the loss of PH, myristic acid, linoleic acid, serine, glycine, alanine, lysine were significantly correlated; 3, in LEPR 2831bp C and T gene mutations in four cattle populations had moderate polymorphism, the methionine for threonine mutation, caused by the change of hydrophobic structure, leading to protein secondary structure of two an alpha helix lost in about 940th, three fold increase in beta, changes in the primary structure of the alpha helix and beta angle space position, the correlation analysis showed that the site of Yanbian cattle with backfat thickness, loin eye area, cooking loss was significantly related to.4 in MC4R 1069bp gene mutation was found in C and G in four cattle populations belonging to moderate polymorphism, caused by mutation to valine leucine, change the hydrophobic structure, leading to protein secondary structure of two appear lost in alpha helix 166243281, beta folding lost, position three beta turn secondary structure change. Correlation analysis showed that this locus and Yanbian cattle back fat thickness, brightness, color, myristic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid were significantly related to.5 in the SCD gene found 3 mutations in four cattle populations were moderate polymorphism. The mutation at 1022bp amino acid encoding protein from alanine to valine mutation, leads to a change in hydrophobic structure that is a hydrophobic hydrophobic valine encoding protein is higher than that of alanine encoding protein; protein secondary structure caused by loss of two alpha helix 291st, random coil loss, 289 beta folding appear lost Lost, but the protein level three no changes in the structure. The correlation analysis showed that the mutation of 846bp A, G and Yanbian cattle slaughter weight, carcass weight, backfat thickness, stearic acid, linoleic acid, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine content was significantly correlated, while the 1022 bpC, T mutation and ammonia in winter days acid, tyrosine, was significantly related to the content of stearic acid.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S823

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