本文關鍵詞：陜南地區(qū)小麥農(nóng)家種麥長管蚜抗性調(diào)查與蘭麥抗蚜相關基因分析　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 陜南 小麥農(nóng)家種 TtLOX2 麥長管蚜

【摘要】：麥蚜的發(fā)生嚴重影響小麥的產(chǎn)量與品質,在我國麥長管蚜占麥蚜總量的95%以上。生產(chǎn)上長期依靠殺蟲劑來防治麥蚜,不僅殺傷麥蚜天敵,污染自然環(huán)境,而且使麥蚜的抗藥性增強。近年來,選育和推廣抗蚜品種愈來愈受到人們的重視,利用小麥內(nèi)源抗性基因,既減少化學農(nóng)藥的使用、保護農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境,又有利于小麥產(chǎn)量的提高和品質的提升。本試驗通過調(diào)查陜南地區(qū)小麥農(nóng)家種對麥長管蚜的抗性、研究小麥農(nóng)藝性狀與麥長管蚜抗性的相關關系、克隆抗麥蚜相關基因TtLOX2以及對其進行序列特性分析,為小麥抗蚜蟲遺傳學研究和品種改良提供理論依據(jù)與新抗源。主要結果如下:本研究采用蚜量比值法對34份陜南地區(qū)的小麥農(nóng)家種進行了田間成株期麥長管蚜抗性鑒定,共篩選出26個抗蚜品種,占供試材料的76.47%。其中1個麥長管蚜高抗品種S849(蘭麥(陜西柞水));7個中抗品種,分別是S1111、S1124、S1125、S1148、S1181、S992和螞蚱麥;以及18個低抗品種。對參試材料進行了株高、旗葉長、旗葉寬、旗葉面積、小穗數(shù)、穗粒數(shù)、穗長和穗密度等主要農(nóng)藝性狀進行了調(diào)查和分析,結果表明34份陜南地區(qū)小麥農(nóng)家種間的農(nóng)藝性狀差異較大,變異系數(shù)為10.64-34.53%。因子分析將農(nóng)藝性狀分為4個主要組成成份,他們總變異的貢獻分別為30.06%、21.55%、17.30%和10.40%。歐氏距離的變異區(qū)間為1.32~51.03,平均為19.07。在歐氏距離為17.00處將34份材料聚為3大類,第一大類包括S1017、S571和S591等三個農(nóng)家種,第二大類只有S652一個農(nóng)家種,第三大類包括其余的30個農(nóng)家種。小麥農(nóng)藝性狀與麥長管蚜抗性的相關分析表明,植株的葉寬與葉面積都與麥長管蚜蚜量比值顯著相關。以高抗麥長管蚜農(nóng)家種蘭麥S849為材料,并以麥長管蚜取食誘導高抗麥長管蚜品種蘭麥(陜西柞水)(S849)幼苗葉片的抑制差減文庫中差異表達的EST序列JK716074為基礎,克隆獲得一個3643 bp的cDNA基因序列。經(jīng)生物信息學分析發(fā)現(xiàn)該序列是lipoxygenase superfamily成員,命名為TtLOX2。該基因的ORF區(qū)為321 bp,編碼106個氨基酸,該蛋白質分子量是12.17 kD,等電點為9.68。將TtLOX2基因的核酸序列和其他同源蛋白的核酸序列比對,結果表明其與二穗短柄草LOX4基因序列同源性一致性最高,達84%,有很高的功能區(qū)段保守性。
[Abstract]:The occurrence of wheat aphids seriously affects the yield and quality of wheat. In China, wheat aphids account for more than 95% of the total amount of wheat aphids. In production, insecticides are used to control wheat aphids for a long time, which not only kill the natural enemies of wheat aphids, but also pollute the natural environment. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to breeding and popularizing varieties resistant to aphids. The use of endogenous resistance genes in wheat can reduce the use of chemical pesticides and protect the agricultural ecological environment. This experiment investigated the resistance of wheat varieties to wheat aphids and studied the correlation between wheat agronomic traits and resistance of wheat aphids. Cloning and sequence analysis of wheat aphid-resistant gene TtLOX2. The main results are as follows: (1) to provide theoretical basis and new resistance source for genetic research and variety improvement of wheat aphid resistance. In this study, 34 wheat varieties in southern Shaanxi were tested for resistance to wheat aphids in adult stage by aphid quantity ratio method. A total of 26 aphids resistant varieties were screened, accounting for 76.47m of the tested materials. One of them, S849, was highly resistant to wheat aphid (Orchid (Antheraea pernyi, Shaanxi); 7 medium resistant varieties, S1111S1124S1125S1148S1181S992 and grasshopper wheat, respectively; The main agronomic characters such as plant height, flag leaf length, flag leaf width, flag leaf area, spikelet number, spikelet number, panicle length and panicle density were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the agronomic characters of 34 wheat varieties in southern Shaanxi were different, and the coefficient of variation was 10.64-34.53.The agronomic characters were divided into four main components by factor analysis. The contribution of their total variation was 30.06 and 21.550.The variation range of Euclidean distance was 1.32 and 51.03, respectively. At an Euclidean distance of 17.00, 34 materials were grouped into three categories, the first one being S1017S571 and S591. The second major category was only S652, and the third category included the other 30. The correlation analysis between wheat agronomic traits and resistance of wheat aphid showed. The leaf width and leaf area of the plant were significantly correlated with the ratio of aphids to aphids, and S849, a cultivar with high resistance to wheat aphid, was used as the material. The results were based on the differential expression of EST sequence JK716074 in the suppression differential subtractive library of the seedling leaves of the high resistant wheat aphid cultivar Landrace (Shaanxi tussah, Antheraea pernyi S849), which was induced by the feeding of the wheat aphids. A 3643 BP cDNA gene sequence was cloned and identified as a member of lipoxygenase superfamily by bioinformatics analysis. TtLOX2.The ORF region of the gene is 321 BP, encoding 106 amino acids. The molecular weight of the protein is 12.17 KD. The isoelectric point was 9.68. The nucleic acid sequence of TtLOX2 gene was aligned with that of other homologous proteins. The results showed that the nucleic acid sequence of TtLOX2 gene had the highest homology with that of LOX4 gene. Up to 84, has a high degree of functional conservatism.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：S435.122.2

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