【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)制造業(yè)的發(fā)展,加工中心的需求也在增加,特別是四軸、五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)的加工中心。五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控機(jī)床系統(tǒng)的研究已經(jīng)成為國(guó)際數(shù)控技術(shù)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì),作為機(jī)床制造業(yè)最高境界的五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控機(jī)床系統(tǒng),從某種意義上說(shuō),反映了一個(gè)國(guó)家的工業(yè)發(fā)展水平狀況。但是我國(guó)裝備制造業(yè)水平還比較低,企業(yè)間制造能力和水平差異參差不齊,精密制造的技術(shù)不成熟,我國(guó)大多數(shù)五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控機(jī)床定位精度仍有待提高。直驅(qū)式雙軸回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)作為五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)的重要功能部件,它能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)回轉(zhuǎn)軸和擺動(dòng)軸的兩坐標(biāo)定位。基于電機(jī)直接驅(qū)動(dòng)技術(shù)的雙回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)通過(guò)引入機(jī)電控制系統(tǒng)精度補(bǔ)償技術(shù),使得其傳動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單,傳動(dòng)方式平穩(wěn),工作定位精度高,數(shù)據(jù)響應(yīng)快。在實(shí)際生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用中,定位精度更是直接關(guān)系著生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量,企業(yè)長(zhǎng)治久安的重要因素。本課題與廣州珠江機(jī)床廠科研項(xiàng)目高速高精直驅(qū)式五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控機(jī)床附件關(guān)鍵技術(shù)攻關(guān)及應(yīng)用相結(jié)合,針對(duì)企業(yè)生產(chǎn)應(yīng)用的要求,以五軸數(shù)控機(jī)床工作臺(tái)為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)五軸數(shù)控機(jī)床雙軸回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)完成結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì),展開對(duì)數(shù)控機(jī)床其定位誤差精度補(bǔ)償技術(shù)的設(shè)計(jì)與研究,主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下：1、首先對(duì)五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)數(shù)控機(jī)床國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的分析,了解工作臺(tái)各驅(qū)動(dòng)形式,引入機(jī)電自動(dòng)控制系統(tǒng)建立精度補(bǔ)償理論模型,為電機(jī)直驅(qū)式雙軸回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)精度補(bǔ)償提供理論基礎(chǔ)；2、確定數(shù)控機(jī)床電機(jī)直驅(qū)式雙軸回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)方案,然后通過(guò)solid-works建立五軸聯(lián)動(dòng)加工中心及工作臺(tái)結(jié)構(gòu)模型,最后根據(jù)性能參數(shù)進(jìn)行整體結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)；3、首先分析定位系統(tǒng)中的誤差源,了解誤差產(chǎn)生的原因和形式,找出影響系統(tǒng)定位精度的主要因素,然后通過(guò)MATLAB建立數(shù)控機(jī)床直驅(qū)式雙軸回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡模型,為雙軸回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)定位精度補(bǔ)償技術(shù)建立可行性論述,最后通過(guò)MATLAB對(duì)其定位誤差精度補(bǔ)償仿真。通過(guò)綜合運(yùn)用了建模與仿真等知識(shí),本文為電機(jī)直驅(qū)式雙軸回轉(zhuǎn)工作臺(tái)定位誤差精度補(bǔ)償技術(shù)提供了一種可行的方法,具有一定的工程實(shí)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:With the development of manufacturing industry in our country, the demand of machining center is also increasing, especially the four-axis and five-axis linkage machining center. The research of five-axis CNC machine tool system has become the development trend of international CNC technology. As the highest realm of machine tool manufacturing industry, the five-axis CNC machine tool system reflects the industrial development level of a country in a sense. However, the level of equipment manufacturing industry in our country is still relatively low, the manufacturing ability and level differences among enterprises are uneven, the precision manufacturing technology is not mature, and the positioning accuracy of most five-axis CNC machine tools in our country still needs to be improved. As an important functional component of five-axis linkage, the direct-drive double-axis rotary worktable can realize the two-coordinate positioning of the rotating shaft and the swing shaft. The double rotary worktable based on motor direct drive technology introduces the precision compensation technology of electromechanical control system, which makes the transmission structure simple, the transmission mode stable, the working positioning accuracy high and the data response fast. In practical production and application, positioning accuracy is directly related to the quality of production products, the long-term stability of enterprises is an important factor. This subject is combined with the key technology research technology and application of high speed and high precision direct drive five-axis linkage CNC machine tool accessories in Guangzhou Pearl River Machine tool Factory. According to the requirements of enterprise production and application, the five-axis CNC machine tool worktable is taken as the research object. The structure design of two-axis rotary table of five-axis NC machine tool is completed, and the design and research of positioning error precision compensation technology of NC machine tool are carried out. the main research contents are as follows: 1, First of all, the research status of five-axis CNC machine tool at home and abroad is analyzed, the driving forms of worktable are understood, and the theoretical model of precision compensation is established by introducing electromechanical automatic control system. It provides a theoretical basis for the accuracy compensation of motor direct drive biaxial rotary table. 2. The structure scheme of the direct drive two-axis rotary worktable of NC machine tool is determined, and then the five-axis machining center and the structure model of the worktable are established by solid-works. Finally, the overall structure is designed according to the performance parameters. 3. Firstly, the error source in the positioning system is analyzed, the causes and forms of the error are understood, and the main factors that affect the positioning accuracy of the system are found out, and then the motion trajectory model of the direct drive two-axis rotary worktable of NC machine tool is established by MATLAB. The feasibility of positioning accuracy compensation technology for biaxial rotary worktable is discussed. Finally, the positioning error accuracy compensation simulation is carried out by MATLAB. Through the comprehensive application of modeling and simulation knowledge, this paper provides a feasible method for the positioning error accuracy compensation technology of motor direct-drive double-axis rotary worktable, and has certain engineering practical value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣東工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG659

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