高強(qiáng)度硼鋼熱沖壓板料初始輪廓線優(yōu)化分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-18 10:29
【摘要】：新世紀(jì)以來，汽車作為一種方便、快捷、時尚的代名詞逐漸走進(jìn)千家萬戶，豐富著人們的生活。汽車工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展也帶來一定的社會問題，如汽車燃油加速能源消耗、汽車尾氣排放超標(biāo)造成大氣污染等，嚴(yán)重影響人們的健康生活并帶來一系列安全隱患。面對這樣的時代現(xiàn)狀，汽車輕量化概念被提出并漸漸被接受，熱沖壓成形及其數(shù)值模擬技術(shù)應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。 熱沖壓成形將高強(qiáng)度鋼板加熱到奧氏體狀態(tài)下進(jìn)行沖壓成形和冷卻，最終獲得室溫下組織均勻、回彈量小、強(qiáng)度級別高的馬氏體制件，目前，已被廣泛應(yīng)用于轎車門內(nèi)側(cè)梁、車身橫梁和縱梁、防撞梁、A柱、B柱和C柱加強(qiáng)件的生產(chǎn)等，是當(dāng)前汽車制造及相關(guān)行業(yè)的熱門技術(shù)。 初始板料的形狀關(guān)系到制件的整體成形質(zhì)量，恰當(dāng)、合理的板料初始輪廓線的設(shè)計(jì)有利于減少板料成形缺陷、提高制件的質(zhì)量和性能。長期以來，為了確定板料初始輪廓線，相關(guān)工作者進(jìn)行了大量的研究，，并提出諸如滑移線法、幾何映射法等估算方法。然而，對于工程應(yīng)用來說，由于假設(shè)條件和環(huán)境變量不同，這些方法都僅適用于某一范圍。目前，對于熱沖壓成形板料，主要根據(jù)一步逆算法得到板料輪廓，擴(kuò)大10%左右進(jìn)行板料沖裁，成形后利用激光切割將制件的多余部分切除，不僅浪費(fèi)原材料，而且后續(xù)切邊消耗大量資源和能源，生產(chǎn)效率低下。本文基于多次迭代反算法，利用板料成形模擬分析軟件模擬板料熱沖壓成形過程，建立高強(qiáng)度硼鋼板料初始輪廓線優(yōu)化模型，獲得優(yōu)化的板料初始輪廓線，實(shí)現(xiàn)熱沖壓一次成形，省去或減少切邊工序，節(jié)約材料和生產(chǎn)周期，從而有效指導(dǎo)高精度、高質(zhì)量、高效率的熱沖壓制件的生產(chǎn)。本文主要研究工作如下： （1）設(shè)計(jì)簡單U形件，根據(jù)一步逆算法計(jì)算獲得板料初始輪廓線；基于熱沖壓成形原理，建立板料熱沖壓成形模型及相應(yīng)的板料初始輪廓線優(yōu)化模型；研究板料厚度對板料初始輪廓線優(yōu)化的影響；按照優(yōu)化后的板料初始輪廓尺寸進(jìn)行U形件熱沖壓成形實(shí)驗(yàn)，對比成形制件與理想零件相關(guān)尺寸數(shù)據(jù)。 （2）建立某車型防撞梁熱沖壓成形模型及板料初始輪廓線優(yōu)化模型，對比分析優(yōu)化前后板料熱沖壓成形尺寸精度；分析優(yōu)化后的板料所得成形制件的減薄分布、應(yīng)力應(yīng)變分布等。 （3）建立某車型B柱板料初始輪廓線整體優(yōu)化模型和局部優(yōu)化模型，分析優(yōu)化結(jié)果；研究壓邊力對成形質(zhì)量和板料初始輪廓線優(yōu)化的影響，分析優(yōu)化不足原因并做出合理解釋。
[Abstract]:Since the new century, automobile as a convenient, fast, fashion synonyms gradually into thousands of households, enriching people's lives. The rapid development of automobile industry has also brought some social problems, such as accelerated energy consumption of automobile fuel, air pollution caused by excessive exhaust emissions and so on, which seriously affected people's healthy life and brought a series of hidden dangers to safety. Faced with the present situation of the times, the concept of automobile lightweight has been put forward and gradually accepted, and the hot stamping forming and its numerical simulation technology have emerged as the times require. High strength steel sheet is heated to austenitic state for stamping and cooling by hot stamping forming. Finally, the martensite parts with uniform microstructure, small springback and high strength grade are obtained at room temperature. At present, they have been widely used in the inside beam of passenger car door. The production of body cross beam, longitudinal beam, collision proof beam, A column, B column and C column reinforced parts is a popular technology in automobile manufacturing and related industries at present. The shape of the initial sheet metal is related to the whole forming quality of the workpiece. The proper and reasonable design of the initial profile of the sheet metal is helpful to reduce the forming defects and improve the quality and performance of the parts. For a long time, in order to determine the initial profile of sheet metal, many researchers have done a lot of research, and put forward some estimation methods such as slip line method, geometric mapping method and so on. However, for engineering applications, these methods are only applicable to a certain range due to the differences of assumptions and environmental variables. At present, for hot stamping sheet metal, the profile of sheet metal is obtained mainly by one step inverse algorithm, and the sheet metal blanking is expanded by about 10%. After forming, the spare parts of the parts are cut off by laser cutting, which not only wastes raw materials, And subsequent edge cutting consumes a large number of resources and energy, production efficiency is low. In this paper, based on the iterative inverse algorithm, the sheet metal forming simulation analysis software is used to simulate the hot stamping process of the sheet metal, and the optimization model of the initial contour line of the high strength boron steel sheet is established, and the optimized initial profile line of the sheet metal is obtained. The hot stamping process can be realized once, the cutting process can be eliminated or reduced, and the material and production cycle can be saved, which can effectively guide the production of hot stamping parts with high precision, high quality and high efficiency. The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) Design simple U-shaped parts and calculate the initial profile of sheet metal according to one-step inverse algorithm, based on the principle of hot stamping, Establish the hot stamping forming model of sheet metal and corresponding initial profile optimization model of sheet metal, study the influence of sheet thickness on the optimization of initial profile line of sheet metal, carry out the hot stamping forming experiment of U-shaped part according to the initial profile size of the optimized sheet metal. Compare the dimension data between the forming parts and the ideal parts. (2) establish the Liang Re stamping forming model and the initial profile optimization model of a vehicle, and compare and analyze the size accuracy of hot stamping before and after the optimization; The thinning distribution, stress-strain distribution and so on are analyzed. (3) the integral optimization model and local optimization model of the initial profile of a certain type B column sheet are established, and the optimization results are analyzed. The influence of blank holder force on forming quality and initial profile optimization of sheet metal was studied, and the reasons for optimization were analyzed and reasonable explanation was made.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG306
本文編號：2189187
[Abstract]:Since the new century, automobile as a convenient, fast, fashion synonyms gradually into thousands of households, enriching people's lives. The rapid development of automobile industry has also brought some social problems, such as accelerated energy consumption of automobile fuel, air pollution caused by excessive exhaust emissions and so on, which seriously affected people's healthy life and brought a series of hidden dangers to safety. Faced with the present situation of the times, the concept of automobile lightweight has been put forward and gradually accepted, and the hot stamping forming and its numerical simulation technology have emerged as the times require. High strength steel sheet is heated to austenitic state for stamping and cooling by hot stamping forming. Finally, the martensite parts with uniform microstructure, small springback and high strength grade are obtained at room temperature. At present, they have been widely used in the inside beam of passenger car door. The production of body cross beam, longitudinal beam, collision proof beam, A column, B column and C column reinforced parts is a popular technology in automobile manufacturing and related industries at present. The shape of the initial sheet metal is related to the whole forming quality of the workpiece. The proper and reasonable design of the initial profile of the sheet metal is helpful to reduce the forming defects and improve the quality and performance of the parts. For a long time, in order to determine the initial profile of sheet metal, many researchers have done a lot of research, and put forward some estimation methods such as slip line method, geometric mapping method and so on. However, for engineering applications, these methods are only applicable to a certain range due to the differences of assumptions and environmental variables. At present, for hot stamping sheet metal, the profile of sheet metal is obtained mainly by one step inverse algorithm, and the sheet metal blanking is expanded by about 10%. After forming, the spare parts of the parts are cut off by laser cutting, which not only wastes raw materials, And subsequent edge cutting consumes a large number of resources and energy, production efficiency is low. In this paper, based on the iterative inverse algorithm, the sheet metal forming simulation analysis software is used to simulate the hot stamping process of the sheet metal, and the optimization model of the initial contour line of the high strength boron steel sheet is established, and the optimized initial profile line of the sheet metal is obtained. The hot stamping process can be realized once, the cutting process can be eliminated or reduced, and the material and production cycle can be saved, which can effectively guide the production of hot stamping parts with high precision, high quality and high efficiency. The main research work of this paper is as follows: (1) Design simple U-shaped parts and calculate the initial profile of sheet metal according to one-step inverse algorithm, based on the principle of hot stamping, Establish the hot stamping forming model of sheet metal and corresponding initial profile optimization model of sheet metal, study the influence of sheet thickness on the optimization of initial profile line of sheet metal, carry out the hot stamping forming experiment of U-shaped part according to the initial profile size of the optimized sheet metal. Compare the dimension data between the forming parts and the ideal parts. (2) establish the Liang Re stamping forming model and the initial profile optimization model of a vehicle, and compare and analyze the size accuracy of hot stamping before and after the optimization; The thinning distribution, stress-strain distribution and so on are analyzed. (3) the integral optimization model and local optimization model of the initial profile of a certain type B column sheet are established, and the optimization results are analyzed. The influence of blank holder force on forming quality and initial profile optimization of sheet metal was studied, and the reasons for optimization were analyzed and reasonable explanation was made.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TG306
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