【摘要】：由于鋁合金板材具有重量輕、抗腐蝕性能高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),這使其在機(jī)械制造行業(yè)中得到了廣泛的使用。但是鋁合金板材的機(jī)械性能參數(shù)不全,塑性較差,而且還是各向異性材料,因此在利用傳統(tǒng)的沖壓成形方法對(duì)鋁合金板材進(jìn)行沖壓成形的過(guò)程中,經(jīng)常會(huì)出現(xiàn)裂紋從而導(dǎo)致成形失敗。若想成形成功就需要反復(fù)試沖,這樣做不僅成本高、周期長(zhǎng)而且經(jīng)濟(jì)效益低。為了解決以上問(wèn)題,本文將以各向異性材料6022鋁合金板材為研究對(duì)象,首先通過(guò)單向拉伸試驗(yàn)和凸模脹形試驗(yàn)來(lái)獲得它的機(jī)械性能參數(shù),并對(duì)其成形性能進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。然后利用ABAQUS有限元軟件對(duì)6022鋁合金板材的油底殼無(wú)模充液拉深成形過(guò)程進(jìn)行模擬,并對(duì)其成形工藝進(jìn)行優(yōu)化。為了保證模擬過(guò)程的準(zhǔn)確性以及能夠準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測(cè)出板材在成形過(guò)程中是否會(huì)出現(xiàn)裂紋,本文將Barlet89各向異性屈服準(zhǔn)則編寫為ABAQUS用戶子程序用來(lái)描述鋁合金板材的屈服,并提出一種新的局所分叉理論作為失穩(wěn)判據(jù)。本文通過(guò)單向拉伸試驗(yàn)和凸模脹形試驗(yàn)得到了6022鋁合金板材的機(jī)械性能參數(shù),并對(duì)其成形性進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。并利用有限元軟件模擬上述兩個(gè)試驗(yàn),以新提出的失穩(wěn)判據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)裂紋的產(chǎn)生。將模擬結(jié)果與試驗(yàn)結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較,驗(yàn)證了該失穩(wěn)判據(jù)的正確性。最后利用該失穩(wěn)判據(jù)對(duì)具有各向異性材料6022鋁合金板材的油底殼無(wú)模充液拉深成形過(guò)程進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,找到了其合理的成形路徑。
[Abstract]:Aluminum alloy sheet has been widely used in mechanical manufacturing industry because of its advantages of light weight and high corrosion resistance. However, the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy sheet are not complete, the plasticity is poor, and it is also anisotropic material. Therefore, in the process of stamping aluminum alloy sheet metal by traditional stamping method, Cracks often occur, leading to forming failure. If we want to be successful, we must try and punch again and again, which is not only high cost, long period, but also low economic benefit. In order to solve the above problems, the mechanical properties of anisotropic 6022 aluminum alloy sheet were obtained by uniaxial tensile test and bulging test, and its formability was evaluated. Then ABAQUS finite element software is used to simulate the forming process of the oil bottom shell of 6022 aluminum alloy sheet without liquid filling, and the forming process is optimized. In order to ensure the accuracy of the simulation process and to accurately predict whether cracks will occur in the forming process of the sheet metal, the Barlet89 anisotropic yield criterion is written as a ABAQUS user subprogram to describe the yield of the aluminum alloy sheet. A new bifurcation theory is proposed as a criterion of instability. In this paper, the mechanical properties of 6022 aluminum alloy sheet are obtained by uniaxial tensile test and punch bulging test, and its formability is evaluated. The above two tests are simulated by finite element software, and the new instability criterion is used to predict the occurrence of cracks. The correctness of the instability criterion is verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental results. Finally, using the instability criterion, the forming process of oil bottom shell with anisotropic 6022 aluminum alloy sheet is optimized, and the reasonable forming path is found.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TG306;TG146.21

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