基于擴(kuò)展Logit的交通分配模型與算法研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-07-09 19:01
【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)城市交通供需矛盾的日趨嚴(yán)重,交通問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為制約城市發(fā)展的主要瓶頸之一。為了解決交通問(wèn)題,改善交通狀況,各級(jí)政府部門從交通供給和需求兩方面同時(shí)出發(fā),不斷加大交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)力度和提高交通需求管理水平。要保證交通規(guī)劃和管理措施在一定程度上取得最佳效果,就需要采用先進(jìn)的交通規(guī)劃理論和方法來(lái)輔助決策。交通分配模型是現(xiàn)代交通規(guī)劃理論研究的重要內(nèi)容之一,也是城市道路交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)和擁擠道路收費(fèi)研究中的一個(gè)核心技術(shù)。在此背景下,本論文主要針對(duì)城市交通網(wǎng)絡(luò),研究能夠更準(zhǔn)確描述出行者路徑選擇行為的交通分配模型,并將其應(yīng)用于交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)和擁擠道路收費(fèi)的研究中,使本論文研究形成一個(gè)較為完整的體系,以期為交通管理和規(guī)劃者的決策提供一定的支持。本文主要完成了以下幾方面的研究： (1)為了克服基于傳統(tǒng)Logit的交通分配模型所存在的不相關(guān)備選方案的獨(dú)立性(ⅡA),采用考慮路徑重疊的路徑感知Logit (RPL-O)模型和路徑尺度修正Logit (PSCL)模型,分別構(gòu)建了基于RPL-O和PSCL的隨機(jī)用戶平衡模型,并證明了模型的等價(jià)性以及解的唯一性；設(shè)計(jì)了求解所提出兩種新模型的基于路徑的相繼平均法(MSA)、連續(xù)權(quán)重平均法(MSWA)以及自動(dòng)調(diào)整平均法(SRA)；通過(guò)數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比了新模型與傳統(tǒng)基于Logit的隨機(jī)用戶平衡模型的交通流分配結(jié)果,分析了三種算法的求解效率,結(jié)果表明SRA算法是本文所采用的求解算法中效率最高的算法。 (2)闡述了C-Logit、路徑尺度Logit、廣義巢式Logit、配對(duì)組合Logit路徑選擇模型的選擇概率形式及模型參數(shù)的確定方法；分別構(gòu)建了基于C-Logit、路徑尺度Logit、RPL-O.路徑尺度修正Logit、廣義巢式Logit、配對(duì)組合Logit模型的多用戶多準(zhǔn)則隨機(jī)用戶平衡模型,并對(duì)所提出的六種新模型的等價(jià)性以及解的唯一性進(jìn)行了證明；對(duì)比分析了模型中路網(wǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)的表示方法和路徑選擇概率的計(jì)算過(guò)程；設(shè)計(jì)了通用的求解所提出模型的基于路徑的SRA算法；通過(guò)數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比了新模型與基于Logit的多用戶多準(zhǔn)則隨機(jī)用戶平衡模型的交通分配結(jié)果,分析了模型參數(shù)變化對(duì)分配流量的影響。 (3)分析了已有連續(xù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)研究存在的不足,以出行總阻抗與總投資額之和最小為上層目標(biāo)函數(shù),以本文第3章所構(gòu)建的兩種模型以及另外四種基于擴(kuò)展Logit的隨機(jī)用戶平衡模型為下層模型,構(gòu)建出六種新的連續(xù)交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)模型；設(shè)計(jì)了將遺傳算法與SRA算法相結(jié)合的組合算法；通過(guò)數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了本文算法的有效性,分析了下層采用基于擴(kuò)展Logit的隨機(jī)用戶平衡模型與傳統(tǒng)確定性用戶平衡模型所得到網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)方案的區(qū)別,分析了模型參數(shù)變化時(shí),網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)果的變化情況。 (4)通過(guò)分析傳統(tǒng)次優(yōu)擁擠收費(fèi)研究中存在的不足,說(shuō)明考慮多用戶多準(zhǔn)則以及采用基于擴(kuò)展Logit的交通分配模型來(lái)研究擁擠收費(fèi)的意義；以系統(tǒng)出行總時(shí)間最小為上層目標(biāo)函數(shù),以基于擴(kuò)展Logit的多用戶多準(zhǔn)則隨機(jī)用戶平衡模型為下層模型,構(gòu)建出六種新的次優(yōu)擁擠收費(fèi)模型；設(shè)計(jì)了將模擬退火算法與SRA算法相結(jié)合的組合算法；通過(guò)數(shù)值實(shí)驗(yàn)檢驗(yàn)了算法的有效性,對(duì)比了下層采用基于擴(kuò)展Logit的多用戶多準(zhǔn)則隨機(jī)用戶平衡模型與多用戶多準(zhǔn)則確定性用戶平衡模型所得到的路段收費(fèi)方案的區(qū)別,分析了模型參數(shù)變化時(shí),擁擠收費(fèi)方案的變化情況。
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說(shuō)明：不同分散系數(shù)0卜的RMSE
[Abstract]:With the increasing supply and demand of urban traffic, the problem of traffic has become one of the main bottlenecks that restrict the development of the city. In ord to solve that traffic problem and improve the traffic condition, the government departments at all levels, from the two aspects of transportation supply and demand, continuously increase the construction of the transportation infrastructure and improve the management level of the traffic demand. To ensure that traffic planning and management measures achieve the best effect to some extent, it is necessary to adopt advanced traffic planning theory and method to assist in decision-making. The traffic distribution model is one of the important content of the modern traffic planning theory, and it is also a core technology in the study of urban road traffic network design and congestion road charging. In this background, the paper mainly focuses on the urban traffic network, which can describe the traffic distribution model of the pedestrian's path selection behavior more accurately and apply it to the study of the traffic network design and the congestion road charging, so that this paper will form a more complete system. In order to provide some support for the decision-making of traffic management and planners. The following aspects are mainly completed in this paper: (1) In order to overcome the independence (II A) of the unrelated alternatives existing in the traffic distribution model based on the traditional Logit, the path-aware Loit (RPL-O) model and the path-scale modified Loit (PSCL) mode considering the path overlap are adopted. The random user equilibrium model based on RPL-O and PSCL is constructed, and the equivalence of the model and the uniqueness of the solution are proved. The path-based successive average method (MSA), the continuous weight average method (MSWA) and the automatic adjustment average method (SRA) are designed to solve the two new models proposed. In this paper, the traffic flow distribution results of the new model and the traditional Logit-based random user equilibrium model are compared by numerical experiments, and the efficiency of the three algorithms is analyzed. The results show that the SRA algorithm is the most efficient algorithm in the algorithm used in this paper. (2) The selection probability and model parameters of C-Logit, path scale Logit, generalized nested Logit, paired combination Logit path selection model are set forth, and the C-Loit, path scale Logit, RP, respectively, are constructed. L-O. Path-scale modified Loit, generalized nested Logit, the multi-user multi-criterion random user equilibrium model of the paired combination Logit model, and the equivalence of the six new models and the uniqueness of the solution. The paper proves that the method of representation of the road network structure in the model and the calculation process of the route selection probability are compared and analyzed, and the path-based SR for the model proposed by the general solution is designed. A. The traffic distribution results of the new model and the multi-user multi-criteria random user equilibrium model based on Logit are compared by numerical experiments, and the distribution flow of the model parameter change is analyzed. (3) The deficiency of the existing continuous network design research is analyzed, and the sum of total impedance and total investment is the upper target function. The two models constructed in Chapter 3 of this paper and four other random user equilibrium models based on extended Logit are analyzed. In this paper, six new design models of continuous traffic network are built for the lower layer model, and a combination algorithm combining the genetic algorithm with the SRA algorithm is designed. The effectiveness of the method is analyzed, and the difference between the random user equilibrium model based on extended Logit and the network design scheme of the traditional deterministic user equilibrium model is analyzed, and the network design result is analyzed when the model parameters are changed. (4) To study the significance of multi-user multi-criteria and to use the extended Logit-based traffic distribution model to study the significance of the congestion charge by analyzing the shortcomings existing in the traditional sub-optimal congestion charging study, and to minimize the total travel time of the system In this paper, six new sub-optimal congestion charging models are constructed based on the extended Logit-based multi-user multi-criteria random user equilibrium model, and a combination algorithm combining the simulated annealing algorithm with the SRA algorithm is designed. The effectiveness of the algorithm is compared, and the difference between the multi-user multi-criterion random user equilibrium model and the multi-user multi-criterion deterministic user equilibrium model based on the extended Logit is compared, and the congestion charge is analyzed when the model parameters are changed
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491
本文編號(hào)：2512372
文內(nèi)圖片：
圖片說(shuō)明：不同分散系數(shù)0卜的RMSE
[Abstract]:With the increasing supply and demand of urban traffic, the problem of traffic has become one of the main bottlenecks that restrict the development of the city. In ord to solve that traffic problem and improve the traffic condition, the government departments at all levels, from the two aspects of transportation supply and demand, continuously increase the construction of the transportation infrastructure and improve the management level of the traffic demand. To ensure that traffic planning and management measures achieve the best effect to some extent, it is necessary to adopt advanced traffic planning theory and method to assist in decision-making. The traffic distribution model is one of the important content of the modern traffic planning theory, and it is also a core technology in the study of urban road traffic network design and congestion road charging. In this background, the paper mainly focuses on the urban traffic network, which can describe the traffic distribution model of the pedestrian's path selection behavior more accurately and apply it to the study of the traffic network design and the congestion road charging, so that this paper will form a more complete system. In order to provide some support for the decision-making of traffic management and planners. The following aspects are mainly completed in this paper: (1) In order to overcome the independence (II A) of the unrelated alternatives existing in the traffic distribution model based on the traditional Logit, the path-aware Loit (RPL-O) model and the path-scale modified Loit (PSCL) mode considering the path overlap are adopted. The random user equilibrium model based on RPL-O and PSCL is constructed, and the equivalence of the model and the uniqueness of the solution are proved. The path-based successive average method (MSA), the continuous weight average method (MSWA) and the automatic adjustment average method (SRA) are designed to solve the two new models proposed. In this paper, the traffic flow distribution results of the new model and the traditional Logit-based random user equilibrium model are compared by numerical experiments, and the efficiency of the three algorithms is analyzed. The results show that the SRA algorithm is the most efficient algorithm in the algorithm used in this paper. (2) The selection probability and model parameters of C-Logit, path scale Logit, generalized nested Logit, paired combination Logit path selection model are set forth, and the C-Loit, path scale Logit, RP, respectively, are constructed. L-O. Path-scale modified Loit, generalized nested Logit, the multi-user multi-criterion random user equilibrium model of the paired combination Logit model, and the equivalence of the six new models and the uniqueness of the solution. The paper proves that the method of representation of the road network structure in the model and the calculation process of the route selection probability are compared and analyzed, and the path-based SR for the model proposed by the general solution is designed. A. The traffic distribution results of the new model and the multi-user multi-criteria random user equilibrium model based on Logit are compared by numerical experiments, and the distribution flow of the model parameter change is analyzed. (3) The deficiency of the existing continuous network design research is analyzed, and the sum of total impedance and total investment is the upper target function. The two models constructed in Chapter 3 of this paper and four other random user equilibrium models based on extended Logit are analyzed. In this paper, six new design models of continuous traffic network are built for the lower layer model, and a combination algorithm combining the genetic algorithm with the SRA algorithm is designed. The effectiveness of the method is analyzed, and the difference between the random user equilibrium model based on extended Logit and the network design scheme of the traditional deterministic user equilibrium model is analyzed, and the network design result is analyzed when the model parameters are changed. (4) To study the significance of multi-user multi-criteria and to use the extended Logit-based traffic distribution model to study the significance of the congestion charge by analyzing the shortcomings existing in the traditional sub-optimal congestion charging study, and to minimize the total travel time of the system In this paper, six new sub-optimal congestion charging models are constructed based on the extended Logit-based multi-user multi-criteria random user equilibrium model, and a combination algorithm combining the simulated annealing algorithm with the SRA algorithm is designed. The effectiveness of the algorithm is compared, and the difference between the multi-user multi-criterion random user equilibrium model and the multi-user multi-criterion deterministic user equilibrium model based on the extended Logit is compared, and the congestion charge is analyzed when the model parameters are changed
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491
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