【摘要】：面對(duì)日益嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)境問題和能源問題,高效節(jié)能污染少的新能源以及新能源產(chǎn)品亟待推廣。汽車作為人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪斜夭豢缮俚慕煌üぞ?既消耗大量石油又對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重污染,急需改革。電動(dòng)汽車具有“零排放”、低噪音和能源高利用率等各種優(yōu)點(diǎn),是解決環(huán)境問題和能源問題的重要方式。然而,要想推動(dòng)電動(dòng)汽車的發(fā)展,就必須完善支撐電動(dòng)汽車發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。其中最為重要的就是充電站的建設(shè),完成充電站的建設(shè)首當(dāng)其沖就是完成充電站的選址。針對(duì)充電站的選址問題,本文展開了一系列的研究。首先,通過閱讀大量國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻(xiàn),對(duì)充電站選址特點(diǎn)和相關(guān)選址理論有了深入的理解。對(duì)影響電動(dòng)汽車選址的因素進(jìn)行分析,建立了電動(dòng)汽車選址評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系和模型,運(yùn)用模糊層次分析法對(duì)候選點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了初選；其次,在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了基于成本最低的雙目標(biāo)模型,上層目標(biāo)函數(shù)以建設(shè)方建設(shè)成本和運(yùn)營管理成本最低為目標(biāo),下層目標(biāo)函數(shù)以充電用戶充電路上行駛時(shí)間成本和充電等待時(shí)間成本最低為目標(biāo)。本文在建模時(shí)考慮三個(gè)變量,第一,以充電站內(nèi)充電機(jī)數(shù)為變量的建站成本函數(shù)；第二,考慮路網(wǎng)中各充電需求點(diǎn)到充電站候選點(diǎn)的最短距離這一變量：第三,以充電機(jī)數(shù)為變量的排隊(duì)等待時(shí)間期望函數(shù)。針對(duì)本文建立的模型,運(yùn)用遺傳算法進(jìn)行求解；最后,以臨沂市電動(dòng)汽車充電站的選址為實(shí)例,對(duì)本文的模型和算法進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,用實(shí)踐證明了模型和算法的正確性。本文通過分析電動(dòng)汽車充電站選址的特點(diǎn)分析,最終確定了一種充電站選址方法并進(jìn)行了模型求解,具有一定的實(shí)際意義和價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:In the face of increasingly severe environmental and energy problems, new energy sources and new energy products with high efficiency, energy saving and less pollution need to be popularized. As an indispensable vehicle in people's daily life, automobile not only consumes a lot of oil but also causes serious pollution to the environment, so it is in urgent need of reform. Electric vehicle (EV) has the advantages of zero emission, low noise and high energy efficiency. It is an important way to solve environmental and energy problems. However, to promote the development of electric vehicles, we must improve the infrastructure to support the development of electric vehicles. One of the most important is the construction of charging stations, the first is to complete the location of charging stations. Aiming at the problem of charging station location, a series of researches are carried out in this paper. First of all, by reading a large number of domestic and foreign literature, the characteristics of charging station location and related location theory have a deep understanding. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the location selection of electric vehicles, the evaluation index system and model of the location selection of electric vehicles are established, and the candidate points are selected by using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Secondly, a two-objective model based on the lowest cost is established. The upper objective function aims at the lowest construction cost and the lowest operating management cost. The lower objective function aims at the lowest cost of driving time and charge waiting time on the charging path. In this paper, three variables are considered in the modeling. Firstly, the cost function of building the station is based on the number of charging machines in the charging station. Second, the shortest distance between charging demand points and charging candidate points in the network is considered. Thirdly, the queue waiting time expectation function with the number of charging machines as the variable is considered. Finally, taking the location of charging station of Linyi electric vehicle as an example, the model and algorithm of this paper are verified, and the correctness of the model and algorithm is proved by practice. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of charging station location for electric vehicles, a charging station location method is finally determined and the model is solved, which has certain practical significance and value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長沙理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U491.8
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本文編號(hào)：2323592