【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)的地下交通建設(shè)進(jìn)入到了如火如荼的發(fā)展時(shí)期,在進(jìn)行地鐵建設(shè)時(shí),利用盾構(gòu)進(jìn)行地下隧道施工已經(jīng)成為了主流。大直徑盾構(gòu)施工會(huì)對(duì)地層的穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生影響,會(huì)對(duì)地表沉降產(chǎn)生較大影響,研究分析大直徑盾構(gòu)在掘進(jìn)開(kāi)挖時(shí)影響因素對(duì)地表沉降的影響規(guī)律有重大意義。本文以分析地表沉降的變化規(guī)律為主要研究目標(biāo),利用三維有限元數(shù)值模擬的方法,分析總結(jié)了大直徑盾構(gòu)施工主要影響因素對(duì)地表沉降的影響規(guī)律,并結(jié)合實(shí)際工程,分析了對(duì)地層注漿產(chǎn)生的加固效果。本論文主要做了以下工作： (1)本文首先通過(guò)查閱相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)總結(jié)分析了盾構(gòu)法施工對(duì)地層的擾動(dòng)過(guò)程和地層的變形因素。通過(guò)建立三維有限元數(shù)值模型,選取在大直徑盾構(gòu)施工過(guò)程中對(duì)地表影響較大的因素進(jìn)行分析,詳細(xì)地分析總結(jié)了影響因素對(duì)地表沉降的影響規(guī)律。 (2)本文以天津地下直徑線穿越海河為研究背景,通過(guò)理論推導(dǎo),推導(dǎo)出隧道最小覆土層厚度的三個(gè)公式。通過(guò)建立三維有限元數(shù)值模型,精細(xì)地對(duì)盾構(gòu)穿越海河河底進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬,重點(diǎn)研究了盾構(gòu)在無(wú)注漿和注漿情況下的河底地表沉降的對(duì)比分析。利用無(wú)線監(jiān)測(cè)信息管理與預(yù)警系統(tǒng)對(duì)盾構(gòu)施工工程中河底地表的沉降進(jìn)行了實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè),并與數(shù)值模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行了比照。 通過(guò)分析可知,土的物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)(彈性模量、內(nèi)摩擦角、粘聚力)、掘進(jìn)面支護(hù)力、開(kāi)挖步距、隧道埋深都對(duì)地表沉降有較大的影響,且變形規(guī)律明顯,為工程施工參數(shù)提供了一定的參考。經(jīng)隧道上覆土厚度公式進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證,隧道上覆土厚度不能滿足要求,需采取保證安全的措施。經(jīng)數(shù)值分析得知,盾構(gòu)在穿越無(wú)注漿加固的河底時(shí),會(huì)造成河底地表沉降過(guò)大。在經(jīng)過(guò)注漿加固后,河底地表沉降明顯變小,注漿加固明顯。通過(guò)與現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,數(shù)值模擬分析基本符合實(shí)際監(jiān)測(cè)結(jié)果,說(shuō)明建立的模型及選取的參數(shù)合理,可以真實(shí)反應(yīng)盾構(gòu)下穿海河的全過(guò)程,為之后類似的工程前期預(yù)測(cè)提供了一定參考。
[Abstract]:With the development of underground traffic construction in China, the underground tunnel construction by shield tunneling has become the mainstream in subway construction. The construction of large diameter shield will affect the stability of stratum and the surface settlement. It is of great significance to study and analyze the influencing factors of large diameter shield tunneling on the surface settlement. In this paper, the main research objective is to analyze the variation law of surface subsidence, and by using the method of three-dimensional finite element numerical simulation, this paper analyzes and summarizes the influence law of the main factors of large diameter shield construction on the surface settlement, and combines with the actual engineering. The reinforcement effect of stratum grouting is analyzed. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) in this paper, the disturbance process and deformation factors of shield construction to strata are summarized and analyzed by consulting relevant documents. Through the establishment of a three-dimensional finite element numerical model, the factors that have a great influence on the surface during the construction of large-diameter shield are selected and the influence law of the influencing factors on the surface settlement is analyzed and summarized in detail. (2) based on the research background of Tianjin underground diameter line crossing the Haihe River, three formulas for the minimum overlying soil thickness of the tunnel are derived through theoretical derivation. Through the establishment of three-dimensional finite element numerical model, the numerical simulation of shield passing through the bottom of Haihe River was carried out in detail, and the comparative analysis of the ground subsidence of shield under the condition of no grouting and grouting was studied. Based on the wireless monitoring information management and early warning system, the real-time monitoring of the surface subsidence of the river bottom in shield construction project is carried out, and the results are compared with the numerical simulation results. The physical and mechanical properties of the soil (elastic modulus, angle of internal friction, cohesion), the supporting force of the excavation surface, the distance between the excavation steps and the depth of the tunnel have great influence on the surface settlement, and the deformation law is obvious. It provides a certain reference for engineering construction parameters. It is proved by the formula of overlying soil thickness that the overlying soil thickness of the tunnel can not meet the requirements, and some measures should be taken to ensure the safety of the overlying soil. Through numerical analysis, it is found that shield tunneling will cause excessive surface subsidence when crossing the river bottom without grouting reinforcement. After grouting reinforcement, the surface subsidence of the river bottom is obviously smaller, and the grouting reinforcement is obvious. By comparing and analyzing the field monitoring data, the numerical simulation analysis basically accords with the actual monitoring results. It shows that the established model and the selected parameters are reasonable and can truly reflect the whole process of crossing the Haihe River under shield tunneling. It provides a certain reference for the prediction of similar projects.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京建筑大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：U455.43

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