【摘要】：地下空間的開(kāi)發(fā)利用已成為解決交通,水利和排污的重要途徑。對(duì)于硬巖隧洞開(kāi)挖建設(shè),TBM(Tunnel boring machine)以其高安全性、高效率和低成本的特點(diǎn)得到廣泛應(yīng)用。刀盤(pán)作為T(mén)BM的核心部件之一,其性能影響著整機(jī)的性能。針對(duì)滾刀等磨損、高效破巖和分區(qū)域滾刀布置等性能要求,基于回轉(zhuǎn)切削有限元方法和理論分析,深入研究了滾刀安裝布置參數(shù)、掘進(jìn)參數(shù)對(duì)滾刀載荷和掘進(jìn)性能影響,開(kāi)展了刀具布局研究。針對(duì)滾刀運(yùn)動(dòng)形式建立了滾刀回轉(zhuǎn)切削模型,在此基礎(chǔ)上,研究了不同安裝半徑上滾刀載荷變化情況,研究表明:滾刀的垂直力和滾動(dòng)力的大小與安裝半徑關(guān)系不大,側(cè)向力的大小隨安裝半徑變小而變大。而針對(duì)滾刀切削后的溝槽為后續(xù)滾刀切削提供的臨空面,分析了臨空面對(duì)破巖機(jī)理的影響,并對(duì)分析結(jié)果進(jìn)行了驗(yàn)證,研究表明:滾刀距離臨空面越近,所承受的載荷越小,巖石的等效塑性應(yīng)變呈偏態(tài)分布,偏向于臨空面。在基礎(chǔ)上,分析研究了內(nèi)外側(cè)滾刀的切削順序?qū)L刀載荷的影響,研究表明:相對(duì)于先切削的滾刀,后切削滾刀載荷較小。TBM操作參數(shù)(滾刀貫入量和刀盤(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速)對(duì)滾刀載荷的影響也進(jìn)行了相關(guān)研究,研究表明:當(dāng)?shù)侗P(pán)轉(zhuǎn)速增大時(shí),滾刀的垂直力和滾動(dòng)力相應(yīng)變大;滾刀切削系數(shù)與貫入量呈線(xiàn)性關(guān)系,滾刀載荷隨貫入量增加而增加。基于切削比能最小原則,提出TBM操作參數(shù)優(yōu)化組合方法:大貫入量低轉(zhuǎn)速,小貫入量高轉(zhuǎn)速。最后,在研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,分析了中心滾刀呈“一”字布置的合理性,并提出了中心滾刀安裝角度的改進(jìn)方法:滾刀前端向刀盤(pán)中心旋轉(zhuǎn)一定的角度,且越靠近刀盤(pán)中心的滾刀的旋轉(zhuǎn)角度越大。結(jié)合正滾刀布置約束條件,考慮滾刀等磨損原則,提出了內(nèi)側(cè)滾刀超前外側(cè)滾刀的正滾刀布置方法。建立邊緣滾刀破巖的三維模型,研究了邊緣滾刀的破巖機(jī)理,研究表明:邊緣巖石的能量更多用于產(chǎn)生兩側(cè)裂紋;當(dāng)相鄰滾刀的刀間距過(guò)大時(shí),切削后相鄰滾刀間仍存在巖脊,針對(duì)邊緣滾刀的布置情況,提出了邊緣滾刀刀間距的設(shè)計(jì)方法:以邊緣滾刀刀尖-刀尖之間的距離代替投影面上測(cè)得的距離作為邊緣滾刀刀間距。
[Abstract]:The development and utilization of underground space has become an important way to solve traffic, water conservancy and sewage. For hard rock tunnel excavation and construction, TBM (Tunnel boring machine) is widely used because of its high safety, high efficiency and low cost. As one of the core components of TBM, the performance of cutter head affects the performance of the whole machine. Aiming at the performance requirements of hob wear, high efficiency rock breaking and regional hob arrangement, based on the finite element method and theoretical analysis of rotary cutting, the installation and layout parameters of hob and the influence of tunneling parameters on hob load and tunneling performance are studied in depth. Research on tool layout is carried out. The rotary cutting model of hob is established according to the motion form of hob. On the basis of this, the change of hob load on different installation radius is studied. The research shows that the vertical force and rolling force of hob have little relation with installation radius. The magnitude of the lateral force increases with the size of the installation radius. Aiming at the empty surface provided by the grooves after hob cutting for the subsequent hob cutting, the influence of the rock breaking mechanism on the face of the hob is analyzed, and the analysis results are verified. The research shows that the closer the hob is to the empty surface, the smaller the load is. The equivalent plastic strain of rock is skewed and inclined to face the void. On the basis of this, the influence of the cutting order of the inner and outer side hobs on the hob load is analyzed and studied. The results show that: compared with the first cutting hob, The influence of the operation parameters (hob penetration and cutter speed) on the hob load is also studied. The results show that the vertical force and the rolling force of the hob become larger when the rotating speed of the cutter increases. The cutting coefficient of hob is linearly related to the penetration, and the hob load increases with the increase of penetration. Based on the principle of minimum cutting specific energy, an optimal combination method of TBM operating parameters is proposed: large penetration with low speed and small penetration with high speed. Finally, on the basis of the research results, the rationality of the "one" word arrangement of the center hob is analyzed, and the improvement method of the installation angle of the center hob is put forward: the hob front end rotates a certain angle to the center of the cutter head, The greater the rotation angle of the hob near the center of the cutter head. According to the constraint condition of normal hob arrangement and considering the wear principle of hob, this paper puts forward the method of hob arrangement for inner hob advance outside hob. A 3D model of edge hob breaking rock is established, and the rock breaking mechanism of edge hob is studied. The results show that the energy of edge rock is more used to produce cracks on both sides, and when the tool spacing of adjacent hob is too large, there are still rock ridges between adjacent hobs after cutting. According to the arrangement of edge hob, the design method of edge hob distance is put forward: the distance between edge hob and edge hob is used as the distance between edge hob and edge hob instead of the distance measured on projection plane.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U455.3

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本文編號(hào)：2230559